Τὸ δὲ ἀπὸ τούτου μηκέτι φέρων ἐγὼ τὴν ἐν τῷ κήτει δίαιταν ἀχθόμενός τε τῇ μονῇ μηχανήν τινα ἐζήτουν, δι᾽ ἧς ἂν ἐξελθεῖν γένοιτο· καὶ τὸ μὲν πρῶτον ἔδοξεν ἡμῖν διορύξασι κατὰ τὸν δεξιὸν τοῖχον ἀποδρᾶναι, καὶ ἀρξάμενοι διεκόπτομεν· ἐπειδὴ δὲ προελθόντες ὅσον πέντε σταδίους οὐδὲν ἠνύομεν, τοῦ μὲν ὀρύγματος ἐπαυσάμεθα, τὴν δὲ ὕλην καῦσαι διέγνωμεν· οὕτω γὰρ ἂν τὸ κῆτος ἀποθανεῖν· εἰ δὲ τοῦτο γένοιτο, ῥᾳδία ἔμελλεν ἡμῖν ἔσεσθαι ἡ ἔξοδος. ἀρξάμενοι οὖν ἀπὸ τῶν οὐραίων ἐκαίομεν, καὶ ἡμέρας μὲν ἑπτὰ καὶ ἴσας νύκτας ἀναισθήτως εἶχε τοῦ καύματος, ὀγδόῃ δὲ καὶ ἐνάτῃ συνίεμεν αὐτοῦ νοσοῦντος· ἀργότερον γοῦν ἀνέχασκεν, καὶ εἴ ποτε ἀναχάνοι, ταχὺ συνέμυεν. δεκάτῃ δὲ καὶ ἑνδεκάτῃ τέλεον ἀπενεκροῦτο καὶ δυσῶδες ἦν· τῇ δωδεκάτῃ δὲ μόλις ἐνενοήσαμεν ὡς, εἰ μή τις χανόντος αὐτοῦ ὑποστηρίξειεν τοὺς γομφίους, ὥστε μηκέτι συγκλεῖσαι, κινδυνεύσομεν κατακλεισθέντες ἐν νεκρῷ αὐτῷ ἀπολέσθαι. οὕτω δὴ μεγάλοις δοκοῖς τὸ στόμα διερείσαντες τὴν ναῦν ἐπεσκευάζομεν ὕδωρ τε  ὡς ἔνι πλεῖστον ἐμβαλλόμενοι καὶ τἆλλα ἐπιτήδεια· κυβερνήσειν δὲ ἔμελλεν ὁ Σκίνθαρος.

    Tiring of life in the whale, the men escape.  After passing the bodies from the Island battle, they come upon a frozen portion of the sea, then the islands of Cheese and Cork.

    Τὸ δὲ ἀπὸ τούτου: use of article to create a substantive, “the (period of time) from this point”

    μηκέτι φέρων...δίαιταν: “no longer able to endure the life”

    δι᾽ ἧς: “through which,” antecedent is μηχανήν 

    ἂν γένοιτο: potential opt., “it might be possible”

    ἐξελθεῖν: ao. inf. of ἐξέρχομαι, “to exit”

    τὸ μὲν πρῶτον: “while at first”

    διορύξασι: ao. part. dat. pl. of δια-ὀρύσσω, modifying ἡμῖν, “by tunneling”

    ἀποδρᾶναι: ao. inf. of ἀποδιδράσκω, with ἔδοξεν, “to escape”

    προελθόντες: ao. part. of προ-ἔρχομαι, “having advanced”

    ἠνύομεν: impf. of ἀνύω, “we were accomplishing”

    διέγνωμεν: ao. of διαγινώσκω, “we resolved”

    ἂν...ἀποθανεῖν: ao. inf. of ἀποθνήσκω, representing a potential optative in implied ind. st. “reasoning that he would die”

    εἰ...γένοιτο: ao. opt. of γίνομαι, past general cond. “if this happened...”

    ἔμελλεν ἔσεσθαι, “then escape would have been....”

    ἀπὸ τῶν οὐραίων: “from the tail-end”

    ἀναισθήτως εἶχε: paraphrastic, “he was insensible to”

    συνίεμεν: impf. of συν-ἵημι, “we observed”

    αὐτοῦ νοσοῦντος: gen. after συνίεμεν, “that he was ill”

    ἀνέχασκεν impf. of ἀναχάσκω, “he yawned”

    εἴ ποτε ἀναχάνοι: ao. opt. of ἀναχάσκω, past general cond., “if ever he yawned”

    ἀπενεκροῦτο: impf. of ἀπο-νεκρέω, “he began dying”

    ἐνενοήσαμεν: ao. of ἐν-νοέω, “we perceived”

    ὡς...κινδυνεύσομεν: ind. st. after ἐνενοήσαμεν and also the apodosis of a future more vivid condition, “that we would run the risk”

    εἰ μή τις...ὑποστηρίξειεν: ao. opt., protasis of a future more vivid condition changed from subjunctive to the optative in ind. st. after ἐνενοήσαμεν, “we realized that unless someone shored up his jaws...”

    χανόντος αὐτοῦ: ao. part. of χάσκω, gen. abs., “as he opened his mouth”

    ὥστε μηκέτι συγκλεῖσαι: ao. inf. of συν-κλείω, result clause with inf. showing intended result, “so that he could no longer close his mouth”

    κινδυνεύσομεν...ἀπολέσθαι: ao. inf. of ἀπόλλυμι, with κινδυνεύσομεν, “we would run the risk of dying”

    κατακλεισθέντες: ao. part. pas. of κατακλείω, “by being closed in”

    διερείσαντες: ao. part. of διερείδω, “having propped apart”

    ὡς ἔνι πλεῖστον: “as much as possible,” ἔνι = ἔνεστι “it is possible”

    τἆλλα = τὰ ἄλλα: “the other supplies”

    κυβερνήσειν: future inf. with  ἔμελλεν, “would be the pilot.”  Skintharos replaces the first pilot who was one of the casualties.

    κῆτος, -εος, τό: a sea-monster, huge fish

    δίαιτα, ἡ: a way of living, mode of life

    ἄχθομαι: be vexed

    μονή, ἡ: a staying, abiding

    μηχανή: an instrument, device

    ἐξέρχομαι: go or come out of

    διορύσσω: dig through or across

    δεξιός, -ά, -όν: right

    τοῖχος, ὁ: the wall of a house or court

    ἀποδιδράσκω: run away or off, escape

    διακόπτω: cut in two, cut through

    προέρχομαι: go forward, go on, advance

    ἀνύω: effect, achieve, accomplish, complete

    ὄρυγμα, -ατος, τό: a trench, ditch, moat

    ὕλη, ἡ: a forest

    καίω: kindle, burn

    διαγινώσκω: distinguish, discern, resolve

    ἔξοδος, -ον: promoting the passage

    οὐραῖος, ὁ: of the tail

    ἀναίσθητος, -ον: insensate, unfeeling

    καῦμα, -ατος, τό: burning heat

    συνίημι: bring or set together

    νοσέω: be sick, ill, to ail

    ἀργότερος: more sluggish

    ἀναχάσκω: open the mouth, gape wide

    συμμύω: be shut up, to close, be closed

    ἑνδέκατος, -η, -ον: the eleventh

    δυσώδης, -ες: ill-smelling

    δωδέκατος, -η, -ον: the twelfth

    μόλις: little by little

    ἐννοέω: consider, reflect

    χάσκω: open

    ὑποστηρίζω: underprop, sustain

    γομφίος, ὁ: a grinder-tooth

    συγκλείω: shut or coop up, enclose

    κινδυνεύω: run the risk, do a daring thing

    κατακλείω: shut in, inclose

    νεκρός, ὁ: corpse

    δοκός, ἡ: a bearing-beam

    διερείδω: prop up

    ἐπισκευάζω: get ready, to equip, fit out

    ἐμβάλλω: throw in, put in

    ἐπιτήδειος, -α, -ον: made for an end or purpose

    κυβερνάω: act as pilot or helmsman

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    Suggested Citation

    Eric Casey, Evan Hayes, and Stephen Nimis, Lucian True History. Carlisle, Pennsylvania: Dickinson College Commentaries, 2023. ISBN: .
    https://dcc.dickinson.edu/lucian-true/book-2/2-1