(1) Post eam pūgnam multae Ītaliae cīvitātēs, quae Rōmānīs pāruerant, sē ad Hannibalem trānstulērunt. Hannibal Rōmānīs obtulit, ut captīvōs redimerent, respōnsumque est ā senātū eōs cīvēs nōn esse necessariōs, quī, cum armātī essent, capī potuissent. Ille omnēs posteā variīs suppliciīs interfēcit et trēs modiōs ānulōrum aureōrum Carthāginem mīsit, quōs ex manibus equitum Rōmānōrum, senātōrum et mīlitum dētrāxerat.
(2) Intereā in Hispāniā, ubi frater Hannibalis Hasdrubal remānserat cum māgnō exercitū, ut eam tōtam Āfrīs subigeret, ā duōbus Scīpiōnibus Rōmānīs ducibus vincitur. Perdit in pūgnā XXXV mīlia hominum; ex hīs capiuntur X mīlia, occīduntur XXV mīlia. Mittuntur eī ā Carthāginiēnsibus ad reparandās vīrēs XII mīlia peditum, IV mīlia equitum, XX elephantī.
notes
Defeat of Hasdrubal in Spain, 218 BCE
(1) Post eam pūgnam: the Battle of Cannae; see Brev. 3.10
multae Ītaliae cīvitātēs: See Polybius 3.118.2–3, Livy 22.61. Chiefly Samnites and other south Italian states. The Greek cities held to Rome, and "not one Roman citizen, nor one Latin community, had joined Hannibal" (Hazzard).
Rōmānīs: the dative object of compound verb pāruerant (LS pāreō)
ut captīvōs redimerent: indirect command following obtulit > offero (AG 563)
cum armātī essent: cum here is used circumstantially (AG 546)
Ille: Hannibal
variīs suppliciīs: probably the Romans exaggerated the cruelty and treachery of Hannibal (Hazzard).
trēs modiōs ānulōrum aureōrum: A modius is just under a peck or nine liters (Bird); these rings were the distinctive badges of the knights and senators (Hazzard).
quōs: refers to the ānulōrum
(2) Intereā ... vincitur: Eutropius occasionally uses the historical present (AG 469), rather than the perfect tense, with this conjunction. See Brev. 3.13.3 and 3.15.1
ubi frater Hannibalis Hasdrubal: see Hasdrubal
ut eam tōtam Āfrīs subigeret: purpose clause (AG 531)
ā duōbus Scīpiōnibus: P. Cornelius and Gnaeus, the father and uncle of P. Scipio Africanus (Hazzard)
X mīlia, XXV mīlia: supply hominum
eī: Hasdrubalī
ad reparandās vīrēs: "to restore his forces," gerundive denoting purpose (AG 500.4)
vocabulary
Core Vocabulary | Numbers | Dates
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Hannibal, alis, m. |
the son of Hamilcar Barca, the great general of the Carthaginians in the second Punic war |
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trānsferō, ferre, tulī, lātus |
to bear or take over or across; transport, transfer |
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captīvus, a, um [capiō], adj. |
captive; as subst., captīvus, ī, m., captīva, ae, f., captive, prisoner of war |
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redimō, ere, ēmī, ēmptus |
to buy back, redeem, ransom |
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senātor, ōris [senātus], m. |
a senator |
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necessārius, a, um [necesse, necessary], adj. |
necessary, indispensable; as subst., an intimate friend, relative |
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armō, āre, āvī, ātus [arma] |
to arm, equip; ārmatī, armed men, soldiers |
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modius, ī [modus], m. |
a measure, peck |
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ānulus, ī [dim. of ānus, a circle], m. |
a ring |
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Carthāgō, inis, f. |
(1) Carthage, a city founded by the Phoenicians on the northern coast of Africa; destroyed by the Romans 146 BC; (2) Carthāgō Nova, a city founded by the Carthaginians on the eastern coast of Spain |
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dētrahō, ere, trāxī, trāctus |
to draw or strip off, remove; drag |
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intereā [inter + is], adv. |
in the meantime, meanwhile |
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Hispānia, ae, f. |
Spain (including Portugal). It was divided into two provinces, Hispania Citerior and Ulterior; hence the pl. Hispaniae. |
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Hasdrubal, alis, m. |
(1) Surnamed Calvus, "the Bald," commander of the Carthaginian expedition to Sardinia in the second Punic war 215 B.C.; (2) Brother of Hannibal, defeated and slain at the battle of the Metaurus 207 B.C.; (3) The leader of the Carthaginians in the third Punic war 149–146 B.C. |
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remaneō, ēre, mānsī |
to remain behind |
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Āfer, Āfrī, m. |
an African, especially an inhabitant of Carthage |
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subigō, ere, ēgī, āctus |
to drive under, put down, conquer |
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Scīpiō, ōnis, m. |
the name of one of the most illustrious families of Rome, Cornēlius Scīpiō, consul 83 B.C., Cn. Cornēlius Scīpiō, consul 222 B.C., L. (Cornēlius) Scīpiō, consul 259 B.C., P. Cornēlius Scīpiō, consul 218 B.C., P. Cornēlius Scīpiō, consul 191 B.C., P. Cornēlius Scīpiō, praetor 94 B.C., P. Cornēlius Scīpiō Āfricānus, consul 205 BC the conqueror of Hannibal in the First Punic War., P. Cornēlius Scīpiō Āfricānus (Minor), consul 147 B.C. He brought the Third Punic War to a close by capturing and destroying Carthage., L. Cornēlius Scīpiō Asiāgenēs, consul 83 B.C., P. (Cornēlius) Scīpiō Nāsīca, consul 91 B.C. |
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Carthāginiēnsis, e, adj. |
Carthaginian; as subst., Carthāginiēnsēs, ium, pl. m., the Carthaginians |
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reparō, āre, āvī, ātus |
to renew |