(1) Post eam pūgnam multae Ītaliae cīvitātēs, quae Rōmānīs pāruerant, sē ad Hannibalem trānstulērunt. Hannibal Rōmānīs obtulit, ut captīvōs redimerent, respōnsumque est ā senātū eōs cīvēs nōn esse necessariōs, quī, cum armātī essent, capī potuissent. Ille omnēs posteā variīs suppliciīs interfēcit et trēs modiōs ānulōrum aureōrum Carthāginem mīsit, quōs ex manibus equitum Rōmānōrum, senātōrum et mīlitum dētrāxerat.

(2) Intereā in Hispāniā, ubi frater Hannibalis Hasdrubal remānserat cum māgnō exercitū, ut eam tōtam Āfrīs subigeret, ā duōbus Scīpiōnibus Rōmānīs ducibus vincitur. Perdit in pūgnā XXXV mīlia hominum; ex hīs capiuntur X mīlia, occīduntur XXV mīlia. Mittuntur eī ā Carthāginiēnsibus ad reparandās vīrēs XII mīlia peditum, IV mīlia equitum, XX elephantī.

    Defeat of Hasdrubal in Spain, 218 BCE

    (1) Post eam pūgnam: the Battle of Cannae; see Brev. 3.10

    multae Ītaliae cīvitātēs: See Polybius 3.118.2–3, Livy 22.61. Chiefly Samnites and other south Italian states. The Greek cities held to Rome, and "not one Roman citizen, nor one Latin community, had joined Hannibal" (Hazzard).

    Rōmānīs: the dative object of compound verb pāruerant (LS pāreō)

    ut captīvōs redimerent: indirect command following obtulit > offero (AG 563)

    cum armātī essent: cum here is used circumstantially (AG 546)

    Ille: Hannibal

    variīs suppliciīs: probably the Romans exaggerated the cruelty and treachery of Hannibal (Hazzard).

    trēs modiōs ānulōrum aureōrum: A modius is just under a peck or nine liters (Bird); these rings were the distinctive badges of the knights and senators (Hazzard).

    quōs: refers to the ānulōrum

    (2) Intereā ... vincitur: Eutropius occasionally uses the historical present (AG 469), rather than the perfect tense, with this conjunction. See Brev. 3.13.3 and 3.15.1

    ubi frater Hannibalis Hasdrubal: see Hasdrubal

    ut eam tōtam Āfrīs subigeret: purpose clause (AG 531)

    ā duōbus Scīpiōnibus: P. Cornelius and Gnaeus, the father and uncle of P. Scipio Africanus (Hazzard)

    X mīlia, XXV mīlia: supply hominum

    eī: Hasdrubalī

    ad reparandās vīrēs: "to restore his forces," gerundive denoting purpose (AG 500.4)

     

    Core Vocabulary | Numbers | Dates

    Hannibal, alis, m.

    the son of Hamilcar Barca, the great general of the Carthaginians in the second Punic war

    trānsferō, ferre, tulī, lātus

    to bear or take over or across; transport, transfer

    captīvus, a, um [capiō], adj.

    captive; as subst., captīvus, ī, m., captīva, ae, f., captive, prisoner of war

     

    redimō, ere, ēmī, ēmptus

    to buy back, redeem, ransom

     

    senātor, ōris [senātus], m.

    a senator

     

    necessārius, a, um [necesse, necessary], adj.

    necessary, indispensable; as subst., an intimate friend, relative

     

    armō, āre, āvī, ātus [arma]

    to arm, equip; ārmatī, armed men, soldiers

     

    modius, ī [modus], m.

    a measure, peck

     

    ānulus, ī [dim. of ānus, a circle], m.

    a ring

     

    Carthāgō, inis, f.

    (1) Carthage, a city founded by the Phoenicians on the northern coast of Africa; destroyed by the Romans 146 BC; (2) Carthāgō Nova, a city founded by the Carthaginians on the eastern coast of Spain

     

    dētrahō, ere, trāxī, trāctus

    to draw or strip off, remove; drag

     

    intereā [inter + is], adv.

    in the meantime, meanwhile

     

    Hispānia, ae, f.

    Spain (including Portugal). It was divided into two provinces, Hispania Citerior and Ulterior; hence the pl. Hispaniae.

     

    Hasdrubal, alis, m.

    (1) Surnamed Calvus, "the Bald," commander of the Carthaginian expedition to Sardinia in the second Punic war 215 B.C.; (2) Brother of Hannibal, defeated and slain at the battle of the Metaurus 207 B.C.; (3) The leader of the Carthaginians in the third Punic war 149–146 B.C.

     

    remaneō, ēre, mānsī

    to remain behind

     

    Āfer, Āfrī, m.

    an African, especially an inhabitant of Carthage

     

    subigō, ere, ēgī, āctus

    to drive under, put down, conquer

     

    Scīpiō, ōnis, m.

    the name of one of the most illustrious families of Rome, Cornēlius Scīpiō, consul 83 B.C., Cn. Cornēlius Scīpiō, consul 222 B.C., L. (Cornēlius) Scīpiō, consul 259 B.C., P. Cornēlius Scīpiō, consul 218 B.C., P. Cornēlius Scīpiō, consul 191 B.C., P. Cornēlius Scīpiō, praetor 94 B.C., P. Cornēlius Scīpiō Āfricānus, consul 205 BC the conqueror of Hannibal in the First Punic War., P. Cornēlius Scīpiō Āfricānus (Minor), consul 147 B.C. He brought the Third Punic War to a close by capturing and destroying Carthage., L. Cornēlius Scīpiō Asiāgenēs, consul 83 B.C., P. (Cornēlius) Scīpiō Nāsīca, consul 91 B.C.

     

    Carthāginiēnsis, e, adj.

    Carthaginian; as subst., Carthāginiēnsēs, ium, pl. m., the Carthaginians

     

    reparō, āre, āvī, ātus

    to renew

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