Denominative Adjectives

424. The suffix -ιο, feminine -ιᾱ, nominative -ιος, (-ιᾱ,) -ιον, is most widely used to form adjectives from noun-stems. A final stem-vowel contracts with ι, or it may be changed or dropt. The meaning of the suffix is vague, pertaining to the noun, in some way which the noun or the context makes clear.

a. In some adjectives the suffix appears to be -ειο, nominative -ειος.

425. The suffix -ικο, nominative -ικός, -ή, -όν, is added to noun-stems as well as to verb-stems (§ 413.d); in some cases the starting-point may have been either. A final stem vowel is dropped; but with ι-stems the ending is probably -κο.

Many of these, by omission of τέχνη (art), become nouns.

μουσική music
γραμματική grammar

426. The suffixes -εο, nominative -οῦς, -ῆ, -οῦν (§ 87), and -ινο, nominative -ινος, -η, -ον, form adjectives of material.

But they also have in other words a more general meaning.

Several in -ινός are made from words denoting time.

427. The suffix -εντ, nominative -εις, -εσσα, -εν, in a few adjectives means endowed or supplied with:

428. The suffixes -ιμο, -νο, -ρο are added to noun-stems as well as to verb-stems (cp. § 412). In some cases either verb or noun may have been the base: