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343. The sound changes in the perfect middle system are shown in the paradigms below (§ 345, below).

344. a. In the perfect middle of πέμπω (πεμπ-, sendπέπεμ-μαι is written, since -μμμ- can hardly be pronounced otherwise than as -μμ-. So πεπέμ-μεθα, πεπεμ-μένος.

b. ἐλέγχω (ἐλεγχ-, test) makes ἐλήλεγ-μαι, ἐληλεγ-μένος (dropping one -γ- from -γγ-μ-), but ἐλήλεγξαι, etc.

c. Older writers have in the perfect and pluperfect indicative middle 3rd plural a few forms in -αται, -ατο, before which a π- or κ- mute is aspirated.

345. Perfect Middle System

Goodell: Perfect Middle System Paradigm Chart for πείθω

Goodell: Perfect Middle System Paradigm Chart for γράφω

Goodell: Perfect Middle System Paradigm Chart for ἀλλάσσω

Suggested Citation

Meagan Ayer, ed. Goodell’s School Grammar of Attic Greek. Carlisle, Pennsylvania: Dickinson College Commentaries, 2018. ISBN: 978-1-947822-10-8.https://dcc.dickinson.edu/grammar/goodell/%CF%89-conjugation-mute-verbs-perfect-middle-system