Stems in -ευ, -αυ, -ου

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134. Stems in -ευ, -αυ, and -ου (§ 136, below) lose υ before a vowel (§ 27; cp. Latin nāvis and bōs, bovis).

135. a. Stems in -ευ originally had -ηυ; traces of the -η- remain

1. in the lengthening of the endings -ος, , -ας to -ως, -ᾱ, -ᾱς;
2. in the older nominative plural ending -ῆς (contracted from -ῆες); open -η- later became closer -ει- (§ 24).

b. In poetry, less often in prose, the accusative plural is sometimes like the nominative, in -εῖς.

136.

Goodell: Noun Stems in -ευ, -αυ, -ου Chart, pt. 1

137. In ναυ-, originally νηυ-, νη- is retained before a short vowel, but made νε- before a long -ω- or -οι-, while ναυ- stands before a consonant; -ώς keeps the accent οf the original -ός.

138. The stem () οἰ- (sheep; originally ὀϝι-; cp. Latin ovis), is declined:

Goodell: Noun Stems in -ευ, -αυ, -ου Chart, pt. 2

139. Stems in -ευ with a preceding vowel often contract in the genitive and accusative singular and plural.

Πειραιέως οr Πειραιῶς
Πειραιέᾱ οr Πειραιᾶ

Εὐβοέων οr Εὐβοῶν
Εὐβοέᾱς οr Εὐβοᾶς

Suggested Citation

Meagan Ayer, ed. Goodell’s School Grammar of Attic Greek. Carlisle, Pennsylvania: Dickinson College Commentaries, 2018. ISBN: 978-1-947822-10-8.https://dcc.dickinson.edu/grammar/goodell/stems-%CE%B5%CF%85-%CE%B1%CF%85-%CE%BF%CF%85