54. Initial σ- followed by a vowel is often weakened to the rough breathing.
| Greek | ὑπό | ὑπέρ | ἅλς | ἕρπω | ἵστημι | ἅλλομαι |
| Latin | sub | super | sal | serpo | sisto | salio |
55. a. Between vowels σ is apt to disappear.
b. Between consonants σ disappears.
c. When inflection brings two sigmas together, one disappears.
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