1. Greek is written with twenty-four letters.
| Letter | Sound | Name | ||
| Α | α | a in far | ἄλφα | alpha |
| Β | β | b | βῆτα | beta |
| Γ | γ | g in go | γάμμα | gamma |
| Δ | δ | d | δέλτα | delta |
| Ε | ε |
ĕ in met |
εἶ ἒ ψῑλόν |
epsilon |
| Ζ | ζ | dz | ζῆτα | zeta |
| Η | η | German ä | ἦτα | eta |
| Θ | θ | th in thin | θῆτα | theta |
| Ι | ι | i in pique | ἰῶτα | iota |
| Κ | κ | k | κάππα | kappa |
| Λ | λ | l | λάμβδα | lambda |
| Μ | μ | m | μῦ | mu |
| Ν | ν | n | νῦ | nu |
| Ξ | ξ | ks x in wax |
ξεῖ ξῖ |
xei, xi |
| Ο | ο |
ŏ in obey |
οὖ ὂ μῑκρόν |
omicron |
| Π | π | p | πεῖ πῖ |
pei pi |
| Ρ | ρ | r | ῥῶ | rho |
| Σ | σ, ς | s in see | σίγμα | sigma |
| Τ | τ | t in to | ταῦ | tau |
| Υ | υ | French u German ü |
ὖ ὖ ψῑλόν |
upsilon |
| Φ | φ | ph in Philip | φεῖ φῖ |
phei phi |
| Χ | χ | German ch | χεῖ χῖ |
chei chi |
| Ψ | ψ | ps | ψεῖ ψῖ |
psei psi |
| Ω | ω | ō | ὦ ὦ μέγα |
omega |
a. The form -ς is used only at the end of a word.
στάσις
b. Εἶ, ξεῖ, οὖ, πεῖ, ὖ, φεῖ, χεῖ, ψεῖ, ὦ are the classical Attic names for those letters; the other names for them, though now the common ones, came into use in the Middle Ages.
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