Argonautica IV 1535-1594

ἀλλ᾽ ὅτε δή ῥ᾽ ἐπὶ νηὸς ἔβαν, πρήσοντος ἀήτεω

ἂμ πέλαγος νοτίοιο, πόρους τ᾽ ἀπετεκμήραντο

λίμνης ἐκπρομολεῖν Τριτωνίδος, οὔτινα μῆτιν

δὴν ἔχον, ἀφραδέως δὲ πανημέριοι φορέοντο.1540

ὡς δὲ δράκων σκολιὴν εἱλιγμένος ἔρχεται οἶμον,

εὖτέ μιν ὀξύτατον θάλπει σέλας ἠελίοιο:

ῥοίζῳ δ᾽ ἔνθα καὶ ἔνθα κάρη στρέφει, ἐν δέ οἱ ὄσσε

σπινθαρύγεσσι πυρὸς ἐναλίγκια μαιμώοντι

λάμπεται, ὄφρα μυχόνδε διὰ ῥωχμοῖο δύηται:1545

ὧς Ἀργὼ λίμνης στόμα ναύπορον ἐξερέουσα

ἀμφεπόλει δηναιὸν ἐπὶ χρόνον. αὐτίκα δ᾽ Ὀρφεὺς

κέκλετ᾽ Ἀπόλλωνος τρίποδα μέγαν ἔκτοθι νηὸς

δαίμοσιν ἐγγενέταις νόστῳ ἔπι μείλια θέσθαι.

καὶ τοὶ μὲν Φοίβου κτέρας ἵδρυον ἐν χθονὶ βάντες:1550

τοῖσιν δ᾽ αἰζηῷ ἐναλίγκιος ἀντεβόλησεν

τρίτων εὐρυβίης, γαίης δ᾽ ἀνὰ βῶλον ἀείρας

ξείνι᾽ ἀριστήεσσι προΐσχετο, φώνησέν τε:

Δέχθε, φίλοι: ἐπεὶ οὐ περιώσιον ἐγγυαλίξαι

ἐνθάδε νῦν πάρ᾽ ἐμοὶ ξεινήιον ἀντομένοισιν.1555

εἰ δέ τι τῆσδε πόρους μαίεσθ᾽ ἁλός, οἷά τε πολλὰ

ἄνθρωποι χατέουσιν ἐπ᾽ ἀλλοδαπῇ περόωντες,

ἐξερέω. δὴ γάρ με πατὴρ ἐπιίστορα πόντου

θῆκε Ποσειδάων τοῦδ᾽ ἔμμεναι. αὐτὰρ ἀνάσσω

παρραλίης, εἰ δή τιν᾽ ἀκούετε νόσφιν ἐόντες1560

Εὐρύπυλον Λιβύῃ θηροτρόφῳ ἐγγεγαῶτα.

ὧς ηὔδα: πρόφρων δ᾽ ὑπερέσχεθε βώλακι χεῖρας

Εὔφημος, καὶ τοῖα παραβλήδην προσέειπεν:

Ἀπίδα καὶ πέλαγος Μινώιον εἴ νύ που, ἥρως,

ἐξεδάης, νημερτὲς ἀνειρομένοισιν ἔνισπε.1565

δεῦρο γὰρ οὐκ ἐθέλοντες ἱκάνομεν, ἀλλὰ βαρείαις

χρίμψαντες γαίης ἐπὶ πείρασι τῆσδε θυέλλαις

νῆα μεταχρονίην ἐκομίσσαμεν ἐς τόδε λίμνης

χεῦμα δι᾽ ἠπείρου βεβαρημένοι: οὐδέ τι ἴδμεν,

πῇ πλόος ἐξανέχει Πελοπηίδα γαῖαν ἱκέσθαι.1570

ὧς ἄρ᾽ ἔφη: ὁ δὲ χεῖρα τανύσσατο, δεῖξε δ᾽ ἄπωθεν

φωνήσας πόντον τε καὶ ἀγχιβαθὲς στόμα λίμνης:

κείνη μὲν πόντοιο διήλυσις, ἔνθα μάλιστα

βένθος ἀκίνητον μελανεῖ: ἑκάτερθε δὲ λευκαὶ

ῥηγμῖνες φρίσσουσι διαυγέες: ἡ δὲ μεσηγὺ1575

ῥηγμίνων στεινὴ τελέθει ὁδὸς ἐκτὸς ἐλάσσαι.

κεῖνο δ᾽ ὑπηέριον θείην Πελοπηίδα γαῖαν

εἰσανέχει πέλαγος Κρήτης ὕπερ: ἀλλ᾽ ἐπὶ χειρὸς

δεξιτερῆς, λίμνηθεν ὅτ᾽ εἰς ἁλὸς οἶδμα βάλητε,

τόφρ᾽ αὐτὴν παρὰ χέρσον ἐεργμένοι ἰθύνεσθε,1580

ἔστ᾽ ἂν ἄνω τείνῃσι: περιρρήδην δ᾽ ἑτέρωσε

κλινομένης χέρσοιο, τότε πλόος ὔμμιν ἀπήμων

ἀγκῶνος τέτατ᾽ ἰθὺς ἀπὸ προύχοντος ἰοῦσιν.

ἀλλ᾽ ἴτε γηθόσυνοι, καμάτοιο δὲ μήτις ἀνίη

γιγνέσθω, νεότητι κεκασμένα γυῖα μογῆσαι.1585

Ἴσκεν ἐυφρονέων: οἱ δ᾽ αἶψ᾽ ἐπὶ νηὸς ἔβησαν

λίμνης ἐκπρομολεῖν λελιημένοι εἰρεσίῃσιν.

καὶ δὴ ἐπιπρονέοντο μεμαότες: αὐτὰρ ὁ τείως

τρίτων ἀνθέμενος τρίποδα μέγαν, εἴσατο λίμνην

εἰσβαίνειν: μετὰ δ᾽ οὔτις ἐσέδρακεν, οἷον ἄφαντος1590

αὐτῷ σὺν τρίποδι σχεδὸν ἔπλετο. τοῖσι δ᾽ ἰάνθη

θυμός, ὃ δὴ μακάρων τις ἐναίσιμος ἀντεβόλησεν.

καί ῥά οἱ Αἰσονίδην μήλων ὅ τι φέρτατον ἄλλων

ἤνωγον ῥέξαι καὶ ἐπευφημῆσαι ἑλόντα.

αἶψα δ᾽ ὅγ᾽ ἐσσυμένως ἐκρίνατο, καί μιν ἀείρας1595

σφάξε κατὰ πρύμνης, ἐπὶ δ᾽ ἔννεπεν εὐχωλῇσιν:

Intervention of Triton

The Argonauts struggle to find the way out of Lake Triton. Orpheus promises the local gods an offering of Apollo’s tripod, if they give assistance. This leads to an encounter with Triton himself who offers them a clod of earth as a guest gift. The god gives them directions about reaching the open sea. After he vanishes into the lake, they sacrifice to him in thanks.

1537  ἔβαν: “had gone (on board).”

1537-8: πρήσσοντος ἀήτεω . . . νοτίοιο: “blowing.” The wind is up! A South Wind to take them in the direction of Greece. A. seems to use πρήσοντα, πρήσοντος as pres. part., 4.819, 1537.

1538  ἀπετεκμαίροντο: “were trying to discover,” possibly even “failed to discover.”

1539: λίμνης ἐκπρομολεῖν Τριτωνίδος: the Argonauts are trying to find the way out of Lake Triton.

1540  ἀφραδέως: “aimlessly.” At the moment, in spite of divine riddles and encounters, the Argonauts are truly ἀμηχάνοι. While the content of simile that A. introduces to describe this wandering is not out of place - we are, after all, in a land of snakes - the way in which it is applied to the narrative is unexpected and effective.

1541  εἱλιγμένος: perf. part. masc. nom. sg. (ionic) < ἑλίσσω: “writhing.” σκολιὴν . . . ἔρχεται οἶμον: “goes along its twisted way.”

1542  εὖτέ μιν: ‘when . . . it,” referring to the snake.

1543  ῥοίζῳ: “with a hiss,” recalling the serpent that guarded the Golden Fleece in Colchis: 4.138ἔνθα καὶ ἔνθα κάρη στρέφει: the motion is typically snake-like and epitomises the total confusion of the heroes. ἐν δέ οἱ ὄσσε: “and its eyes”. . . In Homeric Epic eyes can be full of fire (or tears); see 16-17n. The fierce snake is likened to an Iliadic warrior (Il19.16).

1544  σπινθαρύγεσσι πυρός: “sparks of fire.” σπινθαρίς (=σπινθήρ) is a rare wordἐναλίγκια μαιμώοντι: “like to one raging.” μαιμώοντιagrees with οἱ.

1545  λάμπεται: singular verb with a neut. plur. subject. ὄφρα: usually “until”, but here perhaps a purpose clause dependent on μαιμώοντι, “in its furious eagerness to slip into . . .”

1546  ὣς Ἀργώ: leaving the comparison of the Argo to an angry snake and returning to the main narration. στόμα ναύπορον: “a navigable channel.” ναύπορος is A.’s equivalent of the more usual ναυσίπορος (see 282-3n.).

1547  ἀμφεπόλει δηναιὸν ἐπὶ χρόνον: “roamed about for a long time” (LSJ ἀμφιπολεύω A.4). 

1547  αὐτίκα δ᾿ Ὀρφεύς: as often, in times of uncertainty, one of the Argonauts makes a decisive intervention. This time, it is Orpheus.

1548  κέκλετ(ο): “called upon (the rest of the Argonauts).” In typical elegant fashion, the verb and its dependent infinitive (θέσθαι) enclose the substance of Orpheus’ instruction. 

1548-9  Ἀπόλλωνος τρίποδα μέγαν: “the great tripod of Apollo” see further 529n. ἔκτοθι νηός: “outside the ship.” They are going to land on the shore of the lake (ἔκτοθι νηὸς) and ask for divine intervention (δαίμοσιν ἐγγενέταις). For μείλια see 1190n.

1550  καὶ τοὶ μέν: i.e. the Argonauts. Φοίβου κτέρας: “the gift of Apollo.” ἵδρυον ἐν χθονὶ: they set the tripod up on dry land; see further 529n.

1551  Such encounters are familiar in epic. αἰζηῷ ἐναλίγκιος: “in the guise of a youngman”; Od10.277-9, Pindar P21, 28-9. ἀντιβολέω is the word used when Odysseus encounters Hermes (see link).

1552  Τρίτων εὐρυβίης: “wide-ruling Triton”: Hes. Th. 931γαίης δ᾿ ἀνὰ βῶλον ἀείρας: “picked up a clod of earth.” On the significance of the clod of earth for the Greek colonization of North Africa, see further Acosta-Hughes and Stephens 2012:156, Green 1997, note on 1547-61.

1553  ξείνι᾿ ἀριστήεσσι: the clod of earth is a guest gift, welcoming the Argonauts.

1554  δέχθε: plur. imperative < δέχομαι.

1554-5  ἐπεὶ οὐ περιώσιον . . . ἀντομένοισιν: “since I do not have”, (lit. there is not here by me πάρ᾿ ἐμοὶ) . . . “here and now an outstanding (περιώσιον) gift to grant (ἐγγυαλίξαι) to my visitors (ἀντομένοισιν).

1556  τι  “in some way”, used adverbially to stress the Argonauts’ uncertainty and lack of knowledge. πόροι ἁλός are the paths of the sea, i.e. the sea, (Od12.259). , οἷά τε πολλά: a typical epic generalisation: Od9.128-9.

1557  ἐπ᾿ ἀλλοδαπῇ περόωντες: “passing through a strange land.”

1558  ἐξερέω: “I will tell you.” The Argonauts have encountered a propitious deity. ἐπιίστορα πόντου: “knowledgeable about this sea.” με πατὴρ . . . θῆκε Ποσειδάων τοῦδ᾿ ἔμμεναι: “my father Poseidon . . . has made (θῆκε) me to be (ἔμμεναι) . . .of this (τοῦδ᾿) sea (πόντου).

1559-60  ἀνάσσω / παρραλίης: “I am the ruler of this shore.” εἰ δή τιν᾿ ἀκούετε: “you may have heard of me”. . . Triton decides to assume a disguise and closes with a solemn four-word hexameter to announce himself.

1561  ΕὐρύπυλονEurypylus was perhaps either the first or an early King of Cyrene.

1562  ὑποέσχεθε: “held out his hands for the clod.” This is an emendation for transmitted ὑπερέσχεθε, which would give the less appropriate meaning: “held his hands under . . .”

1563  Εὔφημος: will play an important role in the closing stage of Book 4. παραβλήδην: A. generally uses this word to mean “in answer” (LSJ s.v.).

1564  Ἀπίδα: “the Peloponnese.” This rather than Ἀτθίδα, the transmitted text. πέλαγος Μινώιον: “the Minoan Sea, named after King Minos of Crete. εἴ νύ που: “by chance,” marking a polite enquiry.

1565  ἔνισπε: aor. imper. < ἐνέπω.

1566  οὐκ ἐθέλοντες ἱκάνομεν: the Argonauts are unwilling visitors to Libya.

1566-7  βορείαις . . . θυέλλαις: “heavy storms.” Adjective and noun enclose the participial (χρίμψαντες) phrase. γαίης ἐνὶ πείρασιτῆσδε: “within the borders of this land.” The phrase exhibits the same elegant arrangement.

1568  νῆα μεταχρονίην: See 1385n. “our ship aloft.” Euphemus updates Triton on the Argonauts’ Libyan experiences.

1568-9  ἐς τόδε λίμνης / χεῦμα: “to the waters of this lake,” (LSJ for similar phrases).

1570  πῇ πλόος ἐξανέχει: “where passage extends (ἐξανέχει) to the land of Pelops.” It is difficult to decide between this and the alternative ἐξανάγει. Hunter ad loc. mentions Hdt. 4.179.2 where ἐξαγωγή is similarly used.

1571  δεῖξε δʼ ἄπωθεν: “showed in the distance.”

1572  ἀγχιβαθὲς στόμα λίμνης: “the deep mouth of the lake.” ἀγχιβαθὲςΑ. may be alluding to the situation at Od. 5.413 where Odysseus seeks a way out of the sea, rather than a way into, as is the case with the Argonauts.

1573  κείνη: “that is . . . “As the unusual introduction to the speech shows, emphasising gesture rather than words, Triton is pointing the way. πόντοιο διήλυσις: “outlet to the sea.”

1574  μελανεῖ: the sea also grows black at Il7.63-4.

1575-6  φρίσσουσι: “ripple,” another detail from the Iliadic simile (see link above). ῥηγμῖνες . . . διαυγέες: “the gleaming breakers ripple.” The Argonauts are to navigate the narrow passage (στεινὴ . . . ὁδὸς between). ἐκτὸς ἐλάσσαι: the infinitive depends loosely on στεινὴ . . . ὁδὸς: “(narrow) for you to row outside.”

1577-8  “there the sea stretches (εἰσανέχει πέλαγος) in mist (ὑπηέριον) to the divine land of Pelops (θείην Πελοπηίδα γαῖαν) beyond Crete (Κρήτης ὕπερ).

1578-9: ἀλλ᾿ ἐπὶ χειρὸς / δεξιτερῆς: “but keep to the right.”

1579: λίμνηθεν . . . βάλητε: ‘when you exit from the lake into the swell of the sea (εἰς ἁλὸς οἶδμα).”

1580-1 τόφρ᾿ . . . ἔστ᾿: co-ordinating the two parts of Triton’s directions: “as long as (ἔστ’) . . . the while . . . “Triton is instructing the Argonauts to hug the coast (παρὰ χέρσον ἐεργμένοι), until they have to set a course in to the open sea.

1581-2  περιρρήδην . . . χέρσοιο: genitive absolute: the land turning (κλινομένης χέρσοιο) in a curve (περιρρήδην) in the other direction (ἑτέρωσε), in other words, when the coastline drops away towards the South (see map In Media).

1582-3  τότε . . . ἰοῦσιν: “then your voyage safely stretches out (τετάνυσται) for you from the projecting headland.” τετάνυσται (owed to Brunck who deleted ἰθύς from the transmitted text) :perf. .ind. 3rd. sg. < τανύω is supported by Od9.116.

1584  ἀλλ᾿ ἴτε γηθόσυνοι: “Go joyfully!” or “A happy voyage then!”

1584-5  “let there be (γιγνέσθω) no toilsome pain (so as to) weary limbs resplendent (κεκασμένα γυῖα) with youth (νεότητι).” A. is fond of loosely attached infinitives like μογῆσαι.

1586  ἴσκεν ἐυφρονέων: “he spoke in encouraging fashion.” The Alexandrian use of ἴσκεν as an equivalent of ἔλεγε is based on an ancient critical discussion of Od. 22.31 ἴσκεν ἕκαστος ἀνήρ (410n.).

1587  the Argonauts are eager (λελιημένοι) to be on their way (λίμνης ἐκπρομολεῖν), even though it requires hard work at the oars (εἰρεσίῃσιν).

1589  ἀνθέμενος τρίποδα μέγαν: “gathering up the great tripod”; (189n.). εἴσατο: “seemed.”

1590 μετὰ δ᾿ οὔ τις ἐσέδρακεν: “no one saw him after this.” οἷον: “seeing that,” both exclaiming, and explaining (Smyth 2685).

1591  ῑάνθη: aor. ind. pass. 3rd. sg. < ἰαίνω.

1592  the Argonauts feel that they have had a favourable (ἐναίσιμος) encounter with the divine (μακάρων τις).

1593  μήλων  τι φέρτατον ἄλλων: selecting the perfect specimen for the sacrifice to the god. For the superlative (φέρτατον) with ἄλλος, Smyth 1434.

1594  ἐπευφημῆσαι: “to say prayers (over the sacrifice).” ἑλόντα: aor. part. act. masc. acc. sg. <αἱρέω, presumably taking the victim and holding it out to the god.

1595  ἐσσυμένως ἐκρίνατο: “quickly picked out the victim.”

1596  σφάξε κατὰ πρύμνης: “he slaughtered it over the stern.” ἐπὶ δ᾿ ἔννεπεν εὐχωλῇσιν: “and in addition, spoke in prayer.”

1597  δαῖμον: “O god!”, recognising that their recent encounter was divine. φαάνθης: aor. ind. pass. 3rd. pl. (epic) < φαίνω, “appeared, made manifest.”

1598  εἴτε: as often in such prayers, alternative forms of address are mentioned. ἅλιον τέρας: “sea-wonder.” Φόρκυν: Phorcys, the brother of Nereusἁλοσύδναι: “children of the sea,” used of Thetis at Il20.207.

1600  ἵλαθι: “be gracious,” pres. imperat. act. 2nd. sg. (doric) <ἵλημι. The remainder of the line = 1.249.

 

Bibliography:

Acosta-Hughes, B., and S. and Stephens. 2012. Callimachus in Context: From Plato to the Augustan Poets. Cambridge and New York.

Green, P. 1997. The Argonautika by Apollonios Rhodios Translated with Introduction, Commentary and Glossary. Berkeley.

 

πρήθω, to blow

ἀήτης, ου, ὁ, a blast, gale

ἄμ, Epic form ἀνά, all over, throughout

πέλαγος, εος, τό, the sea

νότιος, α, ον, southern

πόρος, -ου, ὀ, means of passing; way

ἀποτεκμαίρομαι, search for signs of

λίμνη, -ης, ἡ, lake

ἐκπροβλώσκω, to go out of, escape from

Τριτωνίς, ίδος, ἡ, Tritonian

μῆτις, -ιος, ἡ, plan

δήν, long, for a long while1540

ἀφραδέως, aimlessly

πανημέριος, α, ον, all day long

φορέω, bear or carry habitually or repeatedly

δράκων, -οντος, ὁ, snake

σκολιός, ά, όν, curved, winding, twisted, tangled

ἑλίσσω, to turn round, to turn

οἶμος, ὁ, a way, road, path

ὀξύς, -εῖα, -ύ, sharp

θάλπω, to heat, soften by heat

σέλας, το, a bright flame, blaze, light

ῥοῖζος, ὁ, hiss

κάρα, το, the head

στρέφω, στρέψω, ἔστρεψα, --- ἔστραμμαι, ἐστράφθην, turn

ὄσσε, τώ, eyes

σπινθήρ, -ῆρος, ὁ, a spark

πῦρ, πυρός τό, fire

ἐναλίγκιος, ον, like, resembling

μαιμάω, to be very eager, furious

λάμπω, to give light, shine, beam, be bright, brilliant, radiant1545

μυχόνδε, to the far corner

ῥωχμός, ὁ, a cleft

δὐω, -δύσω, -έδυσα, (or ἔδυν), δέδυκα δέδυμαι -εδύθην, plunge in, go into, sink

λίμνη, -ης, ἡ, pool, swamp

στόμα, -ατος, τό, the mouth, organ of speech

ναύπορος, ον, ship-frequented

ἐξερέω, to seek, inquire into

ἀμφιπολέω, to roam about

δηναιός, ή, όν, long

χρόνος, -ου, ὁ, time

Ὀρφεύς, ὁ, Orpheus

κέλομαι, command, urge on, exhort, call to

Ἀπόλλων, ὁ, Apollo

τρίπους, ποδος, ὁ, ἡ, tripod

ἔκτοθι, out of, outside

ἐγγενέτης, ου, ὁ, inborn, native

νόστος, -ου, ὁ, return (home)

μείλια, τά, pleasing gifts

κτέρας, τό, a gift, possession1550

ἱδρύω, ἱδρύσω, ἵδυρσα, ἵδρυκα, ἵδρυμαι, ἱδρύθην, make sit down, seat

αἰζηός, ὁ, a young man

ἐνᾰλίγκιος, ον, like, resembling

ἀντιβολέω, to meet by chance

Τρίτων, ὁ, Triton (a name)

εὐρυβίης, ου, ὁ, mighty, strong

βῶλος, ἡ, less freq. ὁ, a lump of earth, a clod

ἀναείρω, to lift, heave, raise up

ξείνια, τά, friendly gifts

ἀριστεύς, έως, ὁ, hero, the best man

προΐσχω, hold before, hold out

φωνέω, φωνήσω, ἐφώνησα, πεφώνηκα, πεφώνημαι, ἐφωνήθην, speak

δέχομαι, δέξομαι, ἐδεξάμην, --- δέδεγμαι, -εδέχθην, receive, take, await

περιώσιος, immense, countless

ἐγγυαλίζω, to put into the palm of the hand, put into one's hand

ἐνθάδε, here1555

ξεινήιον, τό, a host's gift

ἄντομαι, to meet

πόρος, -ου, ὀ, means of passing; way

μαίομαι, to seek

χατέω, to crave, long

ἀλλοδαπός, ή, όν, belonging to another people

περάω, περάσω, (or περῶ), ἐπέρασα, πεπέρακα, --- ---, pass through

ἐξερέω, to explain, declare

ἐπιίστωρ, -ορος, ὁ, ἡ, knowledgeable

Ποσειδῶν, -ῶνος, ὁ, Poseidon

ἀνάσσω, be king, lord, or master of, rule over, reign

παρραλίη, ἡ, seacoast, seaboard1560

νόσφι, aloof, apart, afar, away

Εὐρύπυλος, ὁ, Eurypylus

Λιβύη, ἡ, Libya, the north part of Africa

θηρότροφος, home of wild beasts

ἐγγίγνομαι, to be born or bred in

αὐδάω, speak

πρόφρων, ονος, ὁ, ἡ, readily

ὑπόσχέθω, hold out (see notes)

Εὔφημος, ὁ, Euphemus

παραβλήδην, by way of reply (see notes)

Ἀπίς, ίδος, ἡ, Apian land, Peloponnese

πέλαγος, τό, the sea

Μινώϊος, α, ον, of Minos, Cretan

ἐκδάω, learn, know1565

νημερτής, ές, accurately, truly

ἀνέρομαι, to enquire of, question

ἐνέπω, to tell, tell of, relate, describe

δεῦρο, (to) here

ἱκάνω, come to, arrive at, reach

βόρειος, α, ον, from the quarter of the North wind, northern (see notes)

χρίμπτω, to bring near

πεῖραρ, τό, an end, border

θύελλα, ἡ, a furious storm, hurricane

μεταχρόνιος (= μετέωρος), aloft

κομίζω, κομιῶ, ἐκόμισα, κεκόμικα, κεκόμισμαι, ἐκομίσθην, carry, take care of

χεῦμα, τό, that which is poured, a stream

ἤπειρος, -ου, ἡ, the land

βαρέω, to weigh down

πλόος, ὁ, a sailing, voyage1570

ἐξανέχω, extends into (see notes)

Πελοπηΐς, ΐδος, ἡ, to do with Pelops

τανύω, stretch, strain, extend

δείκνυμι, δείξω, ἔδειξα, δέδειχα, δέδειγμαι, ἐδείχθην, show, demonstrate

ἄπωθεν, from afar, far off

ἀγχιβαθής, ές, deep near the shore

στόμα, -ατος, τό, the mouth

διήλυσις, ἡ, passage through

βένθος, εος, τό, the deep

ἀκίνητος, ον, unmoved, motionless

μελαίνω, to blacken

ἑκάτερθε, on each side, on either hand

λευκός, -ή, -όν, white; light, bright

ῥηγμίν, ῖνος, ἡ, the line of breakers, surf1575

φρίσσω, to be rough, bristle, shudder

διαυγ-ής, ές, transparent, shining

μεσηγύ, in the middle, between

στενός, -ή, -όν, narrow

τελέθω, to come into being, to be

ὁδός, -οῦ, ἡ, way

ἐκτός, outside

ἐλαύνω, ἐλῶ, ἤλασα,, ἐλήλακα, ἐλήλαμαι ἐλάθην, to drive, row

ὑπηέριος, ον, misty

θεῖος, η, ον, divine

εἰσανέχω, to stretch

δεξιτερός, ά, όν, right, the right

λίμνηθεν, from the lake

εἴργω, εἴρξω, εἷρξα, εἶρχα, εἶργμαι, εἴπγαθην, to confine, hold in1580

ἰθύνω, to keep straight, steer

τείνω, τενῶ, ἔτεινα, τέτακα, τέταμαι, ἐτάθην, stretch

περιρρήδην, sloping, in a curve

ἑτέρωσε, to the other side

κλίνω, κλινῶ,, ἔκλιν,α κέκλικα, κέκλιμαι ἐκλίνην, bend

πλόος, ὁ, a sailing, voyage

ἀπήμων, ον, -ονος, safe

ἀγκών, ῶνος, ὁ, the bend of the arm, the elbow

τανύω, stretch, strain, extend

προέχω, to jut out

γηθόσυνος, η, ον, joyful, glad at

κᾰμᾰτος, ὁ, toil, trouble, labour

ἀνίη, ἡ, torment, vexation;

νεότης, ἡ, youth1585

καίνυμαι, to surpass, excel

γυῖον, -ου, τό, limb

μογέω, to toil, suffer

ἴσκεν, he spoke

εὐφρονέων, well-meaning, well-judging

ἐκπροβλώσκω, to forth from, exit

λελίημαι, to strive eagerly

εἰρεσίη, ἡ, rowing

ἐπιπρονέομαι, to go forward

μάω, be eager, press on

τείως, so long, meanwhile, the while

ἀνατίθημι, ἀναθήσω,, ἀνέθηκα ἀνατέθηκα, --- ἀνέτέθην, to gather up

εἴδομαι, to be seen, appear

εἰσβαίνω, to go into1590

εἰσδέρκομαι, to look at, see

ἄφαντος, ον, invisible

σχεδόν, suddenly, near, almost

ἰαίνω, to heat, warm

θυμός, -οῦ, ὁ, heart, spirit

μακάριος, -α, -ον, blessed, happy

ἐναίσιμος, ον, favourably disposed

ἀντιβολέω, to meet by chance

μῆλον, -ου, τό, sheep

φέρτατος, best

ἀνώγω, bid, command

ῥέζω, work, offer

ἐπευφημέω, to say prayers over

ἐσσυμένως, hastily1595

κρίνω, κρινῶ, ἔκρινα,, κέκρικα κέκριμαι,, ἐκρίθην, choose

ἀείρω, to lift, heave, raise up

σφάζω, σφάξω, ἔσφαξα, ἔσφακα,, ἔσφαγμαι, ἐσφάχθην, kill

πρύμνη, ἡ, the hindmost part of a ship, the stern, poop

ἐνέπω, to speak, tell

εὐχωλή, ἡ, a prayer, vow

 

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Suggested Citation

Peter Hulse. Apollonius: Argonautica Book IV. Carlisle, Pennsylvania: Dickinson College Commentaries, 2022. ISBN: 978-1-947822-21-4. https://dcc.dickinson.edu/apollonius-argonautica/argonautica-iv-1535-1594