ὧς φάτο λισσομένη: τῶν δ᾽ ὅντινα γουνάζοιτο,
ὅς μιν θαρσύνεσκεν ἐρητύων ἀχέουσαν.
σεῖον δ᾽ ἐγχείας εὐήκεας ἐν παλάμῃσιν,1055
φάσγανά τ᾽ ἐκ κολεῶν. οὐδὲ σχήσεσθαι ἀρωγῆς
ἔννεπον, εἴ κε δίκης ἀλιτήμονος ἀντιάσειεν.
στρευγομένοις δ᾽ ἀν᾽ ὅμιλον ἐπήλυθεν εὐνήτειρα
νὺξ ἔργων ἄνδρεσσι, κατευκήλησε δὲ πᾶσαν
γαῖαν ὁμῶς: τὴν δ᾽ οὔτι μίνυνθά περ εὔνασεν ὕπνος,1060
ἀλλά οἱ ἐν στέρνοις ἀχέων εἱλίσσετο θυμός.
οἷον ὅτε κλωστῆρα γυνὴ ταλαεργὸς ἑλίσσει
ἐννυχίη: τῇ δ᾽ ἀμφὶ κινύρεται ὀρφανὰ τέκνα
χηροσύνῃ πόσιος: σταλάει δ᾽ ὑπὸ δάκρυ παρειὰς
μνωομένης, οἵη μιν ἐπὶ σμυγερὴ λάβεν αἶσα:1065
ὧς τῆς ἰκμαίνοντο παρηίδες: ἐν δέ οἱ ἦτορ
ὀξείῃς εἰλεῖτο πεπαρμένον ἀμφ᾽ ὀδύνῃσιν.
τὼ δ᾽ ἔντοσθε δόμοιο κατὰ πτόλιν, ὡς τὸ πάροιθεν,
κρείων Ἀλκίνοος πολυπότνιά τ᾽ Ἀλκινόοιο
Ἀρήτη ἄλοχος, κούρης πέρι μητιάασκον1070
οἷσιν ἐνὶ λεχέεσσι διὰ κνέφας: οἷα δ᾽ ἀκοίτην
κουρίδιον θαλεροῖσι δάμαρ προσπτύσσετο μύθοις:
ναὶ φίλος, εἰ δ᾽ ἄγε μοι πολυκηδέα ῥύεο Κόλχων
παρθενικήν, Μινύῃσι φέρων χάριν. ἐγγύθι δ᾽ Ἄργος
ἡμετέρης νήσοιο καὶ ἀνέρες Αἱμονιῆες:1075
Αἰήτης δ᾽ οὔτ᾽ ἂρ ναίει σχεδόν, οὐδέ τι ἴδμεν
Αἰήτην, ἀλλ᾽ οἶον ἀκούομεν: ἥδε δὲ κούρη
αἰνοπαθὴς κατά μοι νόον ἔκλασεν ἀντιόωσα.
μή μιν, ἄναξ, Κόλχοισι πόροις ἐς πατρὸς ἄγεσθαι.
ἀάσθη, ὅτε πρῶτα βοῶν θελκτήρια δῶκεν1080
φάρμακά οἱ: σχεδόθεν δὲ κακῷ κακόν, οἷά τε πολλὰ
ῥέζομεν ἀμπλακίῃσιν, ἀκειομένη ὑπάλυξεν
πατρὸς ὑπερφιάλοιο βαρὺν χόλον. αὐτὰρ Ἰήσων,
ὡς ἀίω, μεγάλοισιν ἐνίσχεται ἐξ ἕθεν ὅρκοις,
κουριδίην θήσεσθαι ἐνὶ μεγάροισιν ἄκοιτιν,1085
τῶ, φίλε, μήτ᾽ οὖν αὐτὸν ἑκὼν ἐπίορκον ὀμόσσαι
θείης Αἰσονίδην, μήτ᾽ ἄσχετα σεῖο ἕκητι
παῖδα πατὴρ θυμῷ κεκοτηότι δηλήσαιτο.
λίην γὰρ δύσζηλοι ἑαῖς ἐπὶ παισὶ τοκῆες:
οἷα μὲν Ἀντιόπην εὐώπιδα μήσατο Νυκτεύς:1090
οἷα δὲ καὶ Δανάη πόντῳ ἔνι πήματ᾽ ἀνέτλη,
πατρὸς ἀτασθαλίῃσι: νέον γε μέν, οὐδ᾽ ἀποτηλοῦ,
ὑβριστὴς Ἔχετος γλήναις ἔνι χάλκεα κέντρα
πῆξε θυγατρὸς ἑῆς: στονόεντι δὲ κάρφεται οἴτῳ
ὀρφναίῃ ἐνὶ χαλκὸν ἀλετρεύουσα καλιῇ.1095
ὧς ἔφατ᾽ ἀντομένη: τοῦ δὲ φρένες ἰαίνοντυ
ἧς ἀλόχου μύθοισιν, ἔπος δ᾽ ἐπὶ τοῖον ἔειπεν:
Ἀρήτη, καί κεν σὺν τεύχεσιν ἐξελάσαιμι
Κόλχους, ἡρώεσσι φέρων χάριν, εἵνεκα κούρης.
ἀλλὰ Διὸς δείδοικα δίκην ἰθεῖαν ἀτίσσαι.1100
οὐδὲ μὲν Αἰήτην ἀθεριζέμεν, ὡς ἀγορεύεις,
λώιον: οὐ γάρ τις βασιλεύτερος Αἰήταο.
καί κ᾽ ἐθέλων, ἕκαθέν περ, ἐφ᾽ Ἑλλάδι νεῖκος ἄγοιτο.
τῶ μ᾽ ἐπέοικε δίκην, ἥτις μετὰ πᾶσιν ἀρίστη
ἔσσεται ἀνθρώποισι, δικαζέμεν: οὐδέ σε κεύσω.1105
παρθενικὴν μὲν ἐοῦσαν ἑῷ ἀπὸ πατρὶ κομίσσαι
ἰθύνω: λέκτρον δὲ σὺν ἀνέρι πορσαίνουσαν
οὔ μιν ἑοῦ πόσιος νοσφίσσομαι: οὐδέ, γενέθλην
εἴ τιν᾽ ὑπὸ σπλάγχνοισι φέρει, δῄοισιν ὀπάσσω.
notes
Medea’s supplication of the Argonauts:
Medea makes an impassioned appeal to the Argonauts to save her from Aietes.
1053–4: ὅς refers back to ὅν τινα: “whoever she supplicated (γουνάζοιτο) that man”. μιν: Medea: ἀχέουσαν, “in her distress”.
1055–6: σεῖον δ᾿ ἐγχείας εὐήκεας: the antics of the Argonauts here described-they shake their spears and (draw) their swords (φάσγανά τ᾿ ἐκ κολεῶν) - have something of the comic about them. The poet seems to be implying that this is mere bravado. οὐδὲ σχήσεσθαι ἀρωγῆς: “will not restrain from help”. σχήσεσθαι: fut, inf. mid. < ἔχω. Typically, however, of Hellenistic poetry the mood suddenly changes with the developed simile that follows.
1057: ἀντιάσειεν: “were to meet with”. δίκης ἀλιτήμονος: “an unfair judgment”.
1058: στρευγομένοις: “in their distress”, agreeing with ἄνδρεσσι in the next line. Nicander Alexipharmaca 291 τῷ καὶ στρευγομένῳ περ ἀνήλυθεν ἐκ καμάτοιο / πνεῦμα μόλις, “distressed, though he is. despite his efforts the wind can scarcely go (escape) upwards”, offers support for the transmitted text rather than the emendation στρευγομένης, though the context is very different. ἀν᾿ ὅμιλον: “through the army, band (of Argonauts). ἐπήλυθεν: often used of the “onset of time”, in some way (LSJ s.v. ἐπέρχομαι ii). εὐνήτειρα: is someone you share a bed with but here A.’s phrase is metaphorical, “night, the bedfellow of works”, “night that makes work cease”.
1059: ἄνδρεσσι: “for men”, in general and the Argonauts, in particular. κατευκήλησε: “calmed”. There is a hint here of the almost magical, soothing quality of night in the connection with κηλέω (see LSJ s.v.). For descriptive passages such as this involving night, see further (Moskalew 1982, 67).
1060: τὴν . . . εὔνασεν ὕπνος: “sleep did not, in any way, calm her (i.e. Medea)”. οὔ τι μίνυνθά “not in any, for a little while”. The repeated consonants in the former phrase emphasise pacifying qualities of sleep.
1061: ἀλλά οἱ ἐν στέρνοις: but (a heavy contrast) there is no chance of calming sleep for Medea. Her heart is whirling (εἱλίσσετο) in her breast (ἐν στέρνοις) in her anguish (ἀχέων).
1062: κλωστῆρα γυνὴ ταλαεργὸς: the subject of the comparison: “a poor woman with her spindle” is a change of direction but not unexpectedly so: epic often contrasts the heroic with the humble. ἑλίσσει: “turns”, picks up the previous εἱλίσσετο.
1063: κινύρεται: “moan’ of which the subject is the neuter plural ὀρφανὰ τέκνα, “orphan children”(Smyth §959).
1064: χηροσύνῃ πόσιος: “for the lack of a husband”. χηροσύνη is a rare word. This theme of love, loss and longing is perhaps an echo of passages such as Aeschylus Pers. 133–39; see further (Dué 2009, 57–90).
1064–5: σταλάει δ᾿ ὑπὸ δάκρυ παρειὰς / μνωομένης: “a tear drips down her cheek as she remembers”. σταλάει: is a lyrical word: Euripides Hel. 633 and the remembrance of happier times (μνωομένης) is something that heroines often indulge in (4.383–4). ἐπισμυγερὴ: “gloomy, sad’. A. may have taken the adjectival use from Hesiod.
1066: ὣς τῆς ἰκμαίνοντο παρηίδες: “so, Medea’s (τῆς) cheeks were moistened”: another lyrical phrase. A. perhaps had in mind the choral passages of Euripides: ὦ πολλαὶ δακρύων λιβάδες, / αἳ παρηίδας εἰς ἐμὰς / ἔπεσον (Eur. IT 1106–8). ἐν δέ οἱ ἦτορ: “her heart within her”, in Homer, usually the introduction to a description of heroic doubt and deliberation (Il. 1.188).
1067: εἰλεῖτο: “revolved, twisted”, imperfect passive < εἴλω. πεπαρμένον: perf. part. pass. masc. acc. sg. < πείρω. The phrase ὀξείῃς . . . ἀμφ᾿ ὀδύνῃσιν, “with sharp pains” depends on the participle. The phrase is based on Homeric passages like Il. 16.517–8 ἀμφὶ δέ μοι χεὶρ / ὀξείῃς ὀδύνῃσιν ἐλήλαται.
1068: The scene changes to the palace and the mood from anguish to a marital harmony, which is obviously “of long-standing”, (ὡς τὸ πάροιθεν). A. is tracing this backwards from the memorable scenes between the Alcinoos and Arete in the Odyssey (Od. 6.and 7).
1069: κρείων: usually used of kings and chieftains. πολυπότνιά: strengthened form of πότνια, to balance the grandiloquent κρείων. Elsewhere only used of Demeter (πολυπότνια Δηὼ: Hom. Hym. Dem. 211). It is meant to be a humorous touch. Consider the context and their ensuing conversation!
1070: μητιάασκον: “were plotting”, Iterative imperfect (Goodwin 1875, 47) =§30.2)< μητιάω: imperf. ind. act. 3rd pl. (epic ionic).
1071: οἷαδ’: “like, as”, οἷος is here used as an adverb.
1071–2: ἀκοίτην / κουρίδιον: “lawful husband”. The situation is generalised to make it more affectionate.
1072: θαλεροῖσι . . . μύθοις: “affectionate . . . words”. προσπτύσσετο: “greet warmly”, almost with a sense of embracing.
1073: ναί: Adv., used to express strong affirmation: “Yes, Please!”. εἰ δ᾿ ἄγε: “come on”! freq. in Hom., who mostly strengthens it, εἰ δʼ ἄγε, νῦν δʼ ἄγε, ἄγε δή, ἀλλʼ ἄγε: “Please, dear husband . . .”. ῥύεο: pres. imperat. 2nd sg. <ῥύομαι: “protect the unhappy girl from the Colchians (Κόλχων).
1074: παρθενικήν: as often in the emphatic position, stressing her virginity which is to be a strong factor in the ensuing negotiations. Μινύαισι: “showing favour to the Minyae”, sc. the Argonauts. ἐγγύθι δ᾿Ἄργος: “Argos is nearby”. Arete perhaps means Greece as a whole: but at Il. 2.681 it refers to Pelasgian Argos from where Jason and his men come. ἀνέρες Αἱμονιῆες: “the Haimonians”, “Thessalians”: another reference to the Argonauts; see further (Thalmann 2011, 129 n.45).
1076–7: Αἰήτης / Αἰήτην: Arete repeats the King’s name to emphasise her point: Northern Greece is closer than Colchis. ἴδμεν: perf. ind. act. 1st pl< οἶδα. The end of the line is dismissive: “we do not even know him, we only know his name”.
1078: αἰνοπαθὴς: “suffering dreadful ills”, used once in the Odyssey at 18.201 of Penelope. The Queen is using all her persuasive arts to plead Medea’s cause. κατά μοι νόον ἔκλασεν: “she broke my heart” is also a very strong phrase based on the Homeric κατεκλάσθη φίλον ἦτορ. The tmesis makes it stronger. The end of the line (ἀντιόωσα: pres. part. act. fem. nom. < ἀντιάω) alludes to Arete’s previous interview with Medea, “when she came to me”.
1079: μη . . . πόροις: for the Optative of Wish see Smyth §1814. ἄναξ: “Great King that you are’”. Arete is trying to flatter Alcinous. ἐς πατρὸς ἄγεσθαι: “to take her back to her father”, with δώματα understood (4.1004, 1024–5).
1080: ἀάσθη: “she sinned”, recalling what she says before the murder of Apsyrtus (4.412) and also her remarks at 1016. Ate is a theme is a dominant theme throughout the Argonautica and Ancient Greek Literature; see further (Dawe 1967), (Sommerstein 2013), (Doyle 1984, 1). βοῶν θελκτήρια: “magical charms for bulls” amusingly recalls Od. 1.337 βροτῶν θελκτήρια, “magic charms for mortals”, meaning “songs”.
1081: φάρμακά οἱ: using the first position in the line for two important words: “drugs”, and “to him”. οἱ (dat. sg. of demonstrative pronoun) denotes Jason and stresses that his success at the end of Book 3 is only achieved through Medea’s magic. κακῷ κακόν: this sentiment (an evil remedy to cure an evil) can be paralleled from Tragedy: Soph. Aj. 362.
1081–2: πολλὰ / ῥέζομεν ἀμπλακίῃσιν: “as we often (πολλά) do in our foolishness”. ἀκειομένη: “curing / trying to cure”, with κακόν as the object of the participle. ὑπάλυξεν: aor. ind. act. 3rd sg. < ὑπαλύσκω
1083: πατρὸς ὑπερφιάλοιο βαρὺν χόλον: “heavy anger of her overbearing father”. The barbaric tyrant is how Aietes is characterised throughout the Argonautica. αὐτὰρ Ἰήσων: “but Jason . . .”. It is typical of A. that he splits the line with a contrast.
1084: ὡς ἀίω: “as I hear”. Arete has good informants. The statement in this line and the next goes back to their encounter at 4.95–7, when Jason swears this oath. μεγάλοισιν ἐνίσχεται . . . ὅρκοις: “is bound by mighty oaths.” ἐξ ἕθεν: could mean “from that time”, taking ἕθεν as the equivalent of ἐξ οὗ [χρόνου]: LSJ s.v. A ii ἐκ but, considering the word order and meaning of the phrase, it seems more likely to be reflexive and refer to Jason himself: “bound by great oaths that he himself has made.” The phrase ἐξ ἕθεν is literally bound by the “great oaths.” For the reflexive use of ἐξ ἕθεν, see further (Meliado 2019, 5)and also LSJ s.v. ιιι 4 ἐκ.
1085: A solemn sounding line; it sounds like part of the marriage formula. It also echoes what Jason has said to her earlier (4.97). κουριδίην agrees with ἄκοιτιν, enclosing the line.
1086–7: ἑκὼν ἐπίορκον ὀμόσσαι / θείης: “do not willingly make him forsworn (break his oath).” θείης aor. opt. act. 2nd sg. < τίθημι. The phrase echoes a passage of Hesiod that is very relevant to what Alcinous is saying: Hes. Op. 282.
1088: δηλήσαιτο: “commit cruel deeds (ἄσχετα) against his child (παῖδα). δηλέομαι takes two accusatives. κεκοτηότι: “with anger in his heart.” κεκοτηότι: perf. part act. dat. sg. < κοτέω.
1089: λίην γὰρ δύσζηλοι . . . τοκῆες: “parents are exceedingly jealous,” echoing Od. 7.307 (Odysseus to Alcinous).
1090: οἷα: “such things as . . .” With perhaps a slight echo of the ē' hoiē-formula in Hesiod’s Catalogue of Women, Arete marshals her examples from mythology like an orator or another epic poet! Ἀντιόπην: Antiope of Thebes was abducted by Zeus (=Jason?). εὐώπιδα: “fair of face.” Also used of Nausicaa (Od. 6.113).
1091: Δανάη: King Acrisius of Argos cast Danaë and Perseus into the sea in a wooden chest. πόντῳ ἔνι πήματ᾿: “suffering on the sea,” forceful alliteration joined by the anastrophe of ἔνι. The verb ἀνέτλη, “endured”, recalls Od. 14.47.
1092: πατρὸς ἀτασθαλίῃσι: “by the wickedness of her father.” · νέον γε μέν, οὐδ᾿ ἀποτηλοῦ: “only recently and not far from us,” bringing a note of contemporary realism to a list of Bronze Age mythological exempla. Echetus stands out as extremely cruel.
1093: ὑβριστὴς: “brutal.” The giant Typhaon / Typhoeus is similarly described at Hes. Th. 307. γλήναις ἔνι χάλκεα κέντρα: “bronze spikes into her eyes.” Assonance, again combined with anastrophe, helps to make the description a stronger and ghastlier phrase.
1094: πῆξε: “drove,” used of plunging a spear into an enemy in the Iliad (Il. 4.460) aor. ind. act. 3rd. sg. θυγατρὸς ἑῆς: “of his daughter.” The genitive depends on γλήναις in the previous line. στονόεντι δὲ κάρφεται οἴτῳ: “she wastes away from grievous doom.” The metaphorical use of κάρφεται pathetically recalls the literal use, “will wither the fair skin” at Od. 13.398.
1095: ὀρφναίῃ ἐνὶ . . . καλιῇ: “in her darkened barn (hut).” ‘Dark’ because she has been blinded. There may be an allusive reference to Callim. Hecale fr. 263 φιλοξείνοιο καλιῆς. The word is rare and would have been of interest to both Hellenistic poets.
1096: φρένες ἰαίνοντο: “his heart was softened (by his wife’s words).” Arete’s persuasive rhetoric has won the day. Also, they are in bed together!
1098: ἐξελάσαιμι: “I could certainly repel the Colchians by force of arms but . . .” καί marks the fact that this is in addition to the other possibilities that Alcinous goes on to mention.
1099: ἡρώεσσι φέρων χάριν: “showing favour to the heroes.”
1100: δίκην ἰθεῖαν: “the straight justice.” A direct allusion to Hesiod: Op. 8-9; see further (Morrison 2020, 205). ἀτίσσαι: aor. inf. act. < ἀτίζω.
1101: ἀθεριζέμεν: balancing ἀτίσσαι in the previous line and depending on λώιον (ἐστι) in the next.
1102: βασιλεύτερος: “more lordly than . . .”, perhaps with echoes of Agamemnon (Il. 9.160).
1103: κ᾿ ἐθέλων: “he could (κε), if he wished.” ἕκαθέν περ: “although he’s far away.” ἐφ᾿ Ἑλλάδι: “upon Greece.” νεῖκος ἄροιτο: “he might stir up.” This is better than the alternative νεῖκος ἄγοιτο: see LSJ s.v. ἀείρω iv4: Theog. 90 νεῖκος ἀειράμενος etc. A. probably intended it as a variation on the Homeric νεῖκος ὠρώρει (Il. 18.497).
1104: δίκην: is the objective of another infinitive: δικαζέμεν. To give judgments like this is the mark of a ‘Just (Hesiodic) King’: Hes. Op. 39, the intervening phrase (ἥ . . . ἀνθρώποισι) adds to the solemnity of Alcinoos’ pronouncement.
1105: οὐδέ σε κεύσω: “Nor will I hide it from you.” This little touch gives a very humane tone to Alcinoos’ characterisation, before he gives his decision.
1106: παρθενικὴν μὲν ἐοῦσαν: “if she is still a virgin.” ἑῷ . . . πατρί: “to her father.” ἀπὸ . . . κομίσσαι: “to lead back.” The infinitive is in tmesis.
1107: ἰθύνω: “I decree.” For this sense of the verb, noticeably, placed in the emphatic first position, see LSJ. s.v. A3 ἰθύνω. “But (δέ), if, she is sharing a bed (λέκτρον . . . πορσαίνουσαν) with a man (σὺν ἀνέρι).
1108: μιν: “her,” i.e. Medea. ἑοῦ πόσιος: “of her husband.” οὔ . . . νοσφίσσομαι: fut. indic. <νοσφίζομαι: “I will separate.” γενέθλην: “child, off-spring,” object of ὀπάσσω, in the next line.
1109: ὑπὸ σπλάγχνοισι: ‘ in her womb. δῄοισιν ὀπάσσω: “will I give it to an enemy.”
Bibliography:
Dawe, R.D. 1967. “Some Reflections on Ate and Hamartia.” In HSPh 72, 89–123.
Doyle, R. 1984. Atē: Its Use and Meaning: A Study in the Greek Poetic Tradition from Homer to Euripides. New York.
Dué, Casey, ed. 2009. Recapturing a Homeric Legacy. Hellenic Studies Series 35. Washington, D.C. : Cambridge, Mass: Center for Hellenic Studies ; Distributed by Harvard University Press.
Goodwin, William Watson. 1875. Syntax of the Moods and Tenses of the Greek Verb. Ginn and Heath.
Meliado, Claudio. 2019. “Aristarchomastix. Dionysius of Sidon between Epic and Lyric Poetry.” In Approaches to Greek Poetry: Homer, Hesiod, Pindar, and Aeschylus in Ancient Exegesis, edited by Marco Ercoles, Lara Pagani, Filippomaria Pontani, and Giuseppe Ucciardello. Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG.
Morrison, A. D. 2020. Apollonius Rhodius, Herodotus and Historiography. Cambridge University Press.
Moskalew, Walter. 1982. Formular Language and Poetic Design in the Aeneid. BRILL.
Sommerstein, A. 2013. “Ate in Aeschylus.” In Tragedy and Archaic Greek Thought, edited by D.L. Cairns. Swansea.
Thalmann, W. 2011. Apollonius of Rhodes and the Spaces of Hellenism. Oxford.
vocabulary
λίσσομαι, pray, beseech with prayer
γουνάζομαι, to clasp by the knees, implore
θαρσύνω, to encourage, cheer
ἐρητύω, to keep back, restrain, check
ἀχέω, grieve, mourn
σείω, to shake, move to and fro
ἐγχείη, a spear, lance
εὐήκης, well-pointed
παλάμη, the palm of the hand, the hand
φάσγανον, a sword
κολεόν, a sheath, scabbard
ἀρωγή, help, aid, succour, protection
ἐνέπω, to tell, tell of, relate, describe
δίκη -ης ἡ, justice
ἀλιτήμων -ονος, unrighteous
ἀντιάω, to encounter
στρεύγομαι, to be distressed, suffer distress or pain (see notes)
ὅμιλος -ου ὁ, crowd
ἐπέρχομαι ἔπειμι ἐπῆλθον ἐπελήλυθα --- ---, come near, assault, visit
εὐνήτειρα, a bedfellow
νύξ νυκτός ἡ, night
ἔργον -ου τό, work, deed
κατευκηλέω, calm, quiet
μίνυνθα, a little, very little
εὐνάζω, put to bed, put to sleep
ὕπνος -ου ὁ, sleep
στέρνον -ου τό, chest
ἀχέω, mourn
ἑλίσσω, to turn round, to whirl
θυμός -οῦ ὁ, heart, spirit
κλωστήρ, a spindle
ταλαεργός, hardworking
ἑλίσσω, to turn round, to turn
ἐννύχιος, in the night, by night, nightly
κινύρομαι, to utter a plaintive sound, lament, wail
ὀρφανός, an orphan
τέκνον -ου τό, child
χηροσύνη, bereavement, widowhood
πόσις ὁ, husband, spouse, mate
σταλάω, to drop, let fall
δάκρυον, a tear
παρειά, the cheek
μνάομαι, to remember
ἐπισμυγερός, gloomy
λαμβάνω λήψομαι ἔλαβον εἴληφα εἴλημμαι ἐλήφθην, take, seize
αἶσα, fate, share, portion
ἰκμαίνω, moisten
παρηΐς, cheek
ἦτορ -ορος τό, Heart
ὀξύς -εῖα -ύ, sharp
εἴλω, to revolve, twist
πείρω, to pierce quite through, fix
ὀδύνη, pain of body
ἔντοσθε, within
δόμος -ου, ὁ, house, home
πόλις -εως ἡ, city
πάροιθε, before, in the presence of
κρείων -οντος ὁ, ruling, ruler
Ἀλκίνοος, Alcinous
πολυπότνια, mistress, queen
Ἀλκίνοος, Alcinous
Ἀρήτη, wife of Alcinous, king of the Phaeacians
ἄλοχος -ου ἡ, spouse, bed-mate
μητιάω, to meditate, deliberate, debate
λέχος, a couch, bed
κνέφας, darkness, night
ἀκοίτης, husband
κουρίδιος, wedded
θαλερός, affectionate, loving
δάμαρ, a wife, spouse
προσπτύσσω, to embrace
μῦθος -ου ὁ, word
ναί, yes
φίλος -η -ον, dear, beloved
ἄγε, come! come on!
πολυκηδής, full of care, grievous
ῥύομαι, to protect
Μινύαι, the Minyans
φέρω οἴσω ἤνεγκα ἐνήνοχα ἐνήνεγμαι ἠνέχθην, bear, carry
χάρις -ιτος ἡ, grace, favor
ἐγγύθι, hard by, near
Ἄργος, Argos(= Greece)
ἡμέτερος -α -ον, our
νῆσος -ου ἡ, island
Αἱμονιεύς -έως, ὁ, from Haimonia, i.e. from Thessaly
ναίω, dwell, inhabit, be situated
σχεδόν, near, almost
ἀκούω ἀκούσομαι ἤκουσα ἀκήκοα --- ἠκούσθην, hear, listen
αἰνοπαθής, suffering dreadfully
νόος, mind, perception
κατακλάω, to break
ἀντιάω, to encounter
μιν, himself, herself (indecl.)
ἄναξ -ακτος ὁ, ruler, lord
Κόλχος, a Colchian
πόρω, offer
ἀάω, to sin
βοῦς βοός, cattle
θελκτήριον, a charm, spell, enchantment
δίδωμι δώσω ἔδωκε δέδωκα δέδομαι ἐδόθην, give, grant
φάρμακον -ου τό, drug
σχεδόθεν, right after that
ῥέζω, do, accomplish
ἀμπλάκημα, an error, fault, offence
ἀκέομαι ἀκέσομαι ἠκεσάμην --- --- ἀκεσθῆναι , to heal, cure
ὑπαλύσκω, to avoid, shun, flee from, escape
ὑπερφίαλος, overbearing, overweening, arrogant
βαρύς -εῖα -ύ, heavy, grievous
χόλος -ου ὁ, anger
ἀΐω, to hear, perceive,
ἐνίσχω, to be bound
ἐξ ἕθεν, since that time (i.e. the time of Medea’s escape): see notes.
ὅρκος -ου ὁ, oath
κουρίδιος, wedded
τίθημι θήσω ἔθηκα τέθηκα --- ἐτέθην, set up, place, establish
μέγαρον -ου τό, a hall
ἄκοιτις, a spouse, wife
τῶ, then, therefore
φίλος -η -ον, dear, beloved
ἑκών -οῦσα -όν, willingly
ἐπίορκος, sworn falsely, perjured
ὄμνυμι (or ὀμνύω) ὀμοῦμαι ὤμοσα ὀμώμοκα ὀμώμο(σ)μαι ὠμόθην, to swear
τίθημι θήσω ἔθηκα τέθηκα --- ἐτέθην, make
ἄσχετος, insufferable, cruel
ἕκητι, for the sake of
κοτέω, to bear a grudge against
δηλέομαι, to hurt, do a mischief to
λίαν, too much
δύσζηλος, exceeding jealous
τοκεύς, one who begets, a father
Ἀντιόπη, Antiope
εὐῶπις, fair to look on
μήδομαι, to devise
Νυκτεύς, ὁ, Nykteus (name)
Δανάη, Danae
πόντος -ου ὁ, sea, the deep
πῆμα, suffering, misery, calamity, woe, bane
ἀνατλῆναι, to suffer, endure
ἀτασθαλία, rage, arrogance
νέον, recently
ἀποτηλοῦ, far away
ὑβριστής, a violent, overbearing person
Ἔχετος, ὁ, Echetus (name)
γλήνη, the pupil
χάλκεος, of bronze
κέντρον -ου ὁ, sharp point
πήγνυμι, to drive, thrust into
στονόεις, causing groans
κάρφω, to dry up, wither
οἶτος, fate, doom
ὀρφναῖος, dark, dusky, murky
ἀλετρεύω, to grind
καλιά, a wooden dwelling, hut, barn
ἄντομαι, to meet, beseech
φρήν φρενός ἡ, thinking-thing, heart, core
ἰαίνω, to heat, to be warmed
ἄλοχος -ου ἡ, spouse, bed-mate
τοῖος -α -ον, such, such-like
εἶπον, aor. for λέγω and φημί, said
τεῦχος -εος τό, arms
ἐξελαύνω ἐξελῶ ἐξήλασα, to drive out
φέρω οἴσω ἤνεγκα, bear, carry
χάρις -ιτος ἡ, grace, favour
ἕνεκα, on account of
δείδω δείσομαι ἔδεισα δέδοικα, fear
δίκη -ης ἡ, justice
ἰθύς -εῖα -ύ, straight, direct
ἀτίζω, not to honour, to hold in no honour
ἀθερίζω, to slight, make light of
ἀγορεύω ἀγορεύσω ἠγόρευσα, speak
λωΐων, more desirable, more agreeable
βασίλειος -α -ον, royal, kingly
ἐθέλω ἐθελήσω ἠθέλησα ἠθέληκα --- ---, wish, consent
ἕκαθεν, from afar
πέρ, even
νεῖκος, a quarrel
ἄγω ἄξω ἤγαγον, do, drive, go
ἐπέοικε, to be like, to suit
δίκη -ης ἡ, justice
πᾶς πᾶσα πᾶν, all, every
δικάζω δικάσω ἐδίκασα δεδίκακα δεδίκασμαι ἐδικάσθην, to judge
κεύθω, to cover, hide
ἀποκομίζω, to carry back
ἰθύνω, to propose a decision (see notes)
λέκτρον, a couch, bed
πορσύνω, to share
πόσις ὁ, husband, spouse, mate
νοσφίζω, turn away, shrink back
γενέθλη, off-spring
σπλάγχνον, womb
φέρω οἴσω ἤνεγκα ἐνήνοχα ἐνήνεγμαι ἠνέχθην, bear, carry
ὀπάζω, give, hand over
δήιος, enemy