Argonautica IV 1316-1367

κάμμορε, τίπτ᾽ ἐπὶ τόσσον ἀμηχανίῃ βεβόλησαι;

ἴδμεν ἐποιχομένους χρύσεον δέρος: ἴδμεν ἕκαστα

ὑμετέρων καμάτων, ὅσ᾽ ἐπὶ χθονός, ὅσσα τ᾽ ἐφ᾽ ὑγρὴν1320

πλαζόμενοι κατὰ πόντον ὑπέρβια ἔργ᾽ ἐκάμεσθε.

οἰοπόλοι δ᾽ εἰμὲν χθόνιαι θεαὶ αὐδήεσσαι,

ἡρῷσσαι, Λιβύης τιμήοροι ἠδὲ θύγατρες.

ἀλλ᾽ ἄνα: μηδ᾽ ἔτι τοῖον ὀιζύων ἀκάχησο:

ἄνστησον δ᾽ ἑτάρους. εὖτ᾽ ἂν δέ τοι Ἀμφιτρίτη1325

ἅρμα Ποσειδάωνος ἐύτροχον αὐτίκα λύσῃ,

δή ῥα τότε σφετέρῃ ἀπὸ μητέρι τίνετ᾽ ἀμοιβὴν

ὧν ἔκαμεν δηρὸν κατὰ νηδύος ὔμμε φέρουσα:

καί κεν ἔτ᾽ ἠγαθέην ἐς Ἀχαιίδα νοστήσαιτε.

ὧς ἄρ᾽ ἔφαν, καὶ ἄφαντοι ἵν᾽ ἔσταθεν, ἔνθ᾽ ἄρα ταίγε

φθογγῇ ὁμοῦ ἐγένοντο παρασχεδόν. αὐτὰρ Ἰήσων

παπτήνας ἀν᾽ ἄρ᾽ ἕζετ᾽ ἐπὶ χθονός, ὧδέ τ᾽ ἔειπεν:

Ἵλατ᾽ ἐρημονόμοι κυδραὶ θεαί: ἀμφὶ δὲ νόστῳ

οὔτι μαλ᾽ ἀντικρὺ νοέω φάτιν. ἦ μὲν ἑταίρους

εἰς ἓν ἀγειράμενος μυθήσομαι, εἴ νύ τι τέκμωρ1335

δήωμεν κομιδῆς: πολέων δέ τε μῆτις ἀρείων.

ἦ, καὶ ἀναΐξας ἑτάρους ἐπὶ μακρὸν ἀύτει,

αὐσταλέος κονίῃσι, λέων ὥς, ὅς ῥά τ᾽ ἀν᾽ ὕλην

σύννομον ἣν μεθέπων ὠρύεται: αἱ δὲ βαρείῃ

φθογγῇ ὑποτρομέουσιν ἀν᾽ οὔρεα τηλόθι βῆσσαι:1340

δείματι δ᾽ ἄγραυλοί τε βόες μέγα πεφρίκασιν

βουπελάται τε βοῶν: τοῖς δ᾽ οὔ νύ τι γῆρυς ἐτύχθη

ῥιγεδανὴ ἑτάροιο φίλους ἐπικεκλομένοιο.

ἀγχοῦ δ᾽ ἠγερέθοντο κατηφέες: αὐτὰρ ὁ τούσγε

ἀχνυμένους ὅρμοιο πέλας μίγα θηλυτέρῃσιν1345

ἱδρύσας, μυθεῖτο πιφαυσκόμενος τὰ ἕκαστα:

κλῦτε, φίλοι: τρεῖς γάρ μοι ἀνιάζοντι θεάων,

στέρφεσιν αἰγείοις ἐζωσμέναι ἐξ ὑπάτοιο

αὐχένος ἀμφί τε νῶτα καὶ ἰξύας, ἠύτε κοῦραι,

ἔσταν ὑπὲρ κεφαλῆς μάλ᾽ ἐπισχεδόν: ἂν δ᾽ ἐκάλυψαν1350

πέπλον ἐρυσσάμεναι κούφῃ χερί, καὶ μ᾽ ἐκέλοντο

αὐτόν τ᾽ ἔγρεσθαι, ἀνά θ᾽ ὑμέας ὄρσαι ἰόντα:

μητέρι δὲ σφετέρῃ μενοεικέα τῖσαι ἀμοιβὴν

ὧν ἔκαμεν δηρὸν κατὰ νηδύος ἄμμε φέρουσα

ὁππότε κεν λύσῃσιν ἐύτροχον Ἀμφιτρίτη1355

ἅρμα Ποσειδάωνος. ἐγὼ δ᾽ οὐ πάγχυ νοῆσαι

τῆσδε θεοπροπίης ἴσχω πέρι. φάν γε μὲν εἶναι

ἡρῷσσαι, Λιβύης τιμήοροι ᾐδὲ θύγατρες:

καὶ δ᾽ ὁπόσ᾽ αὐτοὶ πρόσθεν ἐπὶ χθονὸς ἠδ᾽ ὅσ᾽ ἐφ᾽ ὑγρὴν

ἔτλημεν, τὰ ἕκαστα διίδμεναι εὐχετόωντο.1360

οὐδ᾽ ἔτι τάσδ᾽ ἀνὰ χῶρον ἐσέδρακον, ἀλλά τις ἀχλὺς

ἠὲ νέφος μεσσηγὺ φαεινομένας ἐκάλυψεν.

ὧς ἔφαθ᾽: οἱ δ᾽ ἄρα πάντες ἐθάμβεον εἰσαΐοντες.

ἔνθα τὸ μήκιστον τεράων Μινύῃσιν ἐτύχθη.

ἐξ ἁλὸς ἤπειρόνδε πελώριος ἔκθορεν ἵππος,1365

ἀμφιλαφής, χρυσέῃσι μετήορος αὐχένα χαίταις:

ῥίμφα δὲ σεισάμενος γυίων ἄπο νήχυτον ἅλμην

ὦρτο θέειν, πνοιῇ ἴκελος πόδας. αἶψα δὲ Πηλεὺς

γηθήσας ἑτάροισιν ὁμηγερέεσσι μετηύδα:

The Heroines of Libya:

The Heroines of Libya appear to Jason in a cross between a typical epic dream sequence and a desert mirage:

1315: αὐτὰρ ὅ γ᾿ εἰς ἑτέρωσε παλιμπετὲς ὄμματ᾿ ἔνεικεν: “but he turned his eyes aside, falling back.

1316: δαίμονας αἰδεσθείς: “showing reverence for the goddesses.” He does not dare look them directly in the eye. αὐτὸν δέ μιν ἀμφαδὸν οἶον: lit. “him, openly, alone.” Jason is the only one who can see the goddesses and their words are for him alone.

1317: μειλιχίοις ἐπέεσσιν: “with kindly words.” The Heroines show pity to the hero.

1318: κάμμορε: the opening line of the heroines’ speech encapsulates the mental state (ἀμήχανος, as often) of the leader of the Argonauts. ἐπὶ τόσσον: “to such an extent.” ἐπὶ is an emendation for transmitted ἔτι; see further (Hulse 2020). βεβόλησαι: pf. pass. of βολέω ‘you have been stricken with.”

1319: ἴδμεν . . . ἴδμεν: “we know . . . we know.” The heroines are a much kindlier version of the Sirens tempting Odysseus at Od12.189–91. There may also be links with the words that the Muses speak to Hesiod at the beginning of the Theogony (27–8). ἐποιχομένους: “we know how you roamed the world after the Golden Fleece.”

1319­–20: ἕκαστα / ὑμετέρων καμάτων: “each of your labours.”

1320–1: ὅσ᾿ ἐπὶ χθονός, ὅσσα τ᾿ ἐφ᾿ ὑγρήν: “as many as, on land and on sea . . .”, object of κάμεσθε. The heroines’ words refer constantly to the action of the Odyssey (πλαζόμενοι κατὰ πόντον).

1322: the goddesses introduce and announce themselves: “the highborn solitary Spirits of the land.” αὐδήεσσαι: “speaking with a human voice.”

1323: ἡρῶσσαι Λιβύης τιμήοροι: as in 1309 and repeated again in 1358. A. establishes a semi-formulaic expression for the heroines. They are both protectors and “daughters’ of Libya.

1324: ἀλλ᾿ ἄνα: “up then!” the heroines attempt to rouse Jason from his lethargy of despair. ἄνα is a shortened form of the imperative ἀνάστηθι < ἀνίστημι. The guardians of the Libyan desert sound like Alcmena at Theocr. 24.35–6, when she rouses her husband Amphitryon, with repeated (ἄνστησον in the next line) imperatives. The prohibitive μηδ(ε) phrase is modelled on Il6.486. ἀκάχησο: pres. imperat. pass. 2nd. sg. < ἀχεύω / ἀκᾰχίζω.

1325: εὖτ᾿ ἂν δέ τοι: “as soon as.” Ἀμφιτρίτηthe wife of Poseidon and mother of Triton.

1326: Paradoxically Poseidon’s brother Zeus is spoken of as having a ἐΰτροχον ἅρμα καὶ ἵππους at Il8.438 and then Poseidon takes care of them at 440 (λῦσε ~ λύσῃ). If one understands Amphitrite as standing by metonymy for the sea and ἅρμα as an equivalent for the Argo, the Libyans goddesses are speaking to Jason in true riddling fashion.

1327: σφετέρῃ: properly the possessive Adj. of the 3rd. pers. pl. σφεῖς but can = ὑμέτερος.

1328: ὧν ἔκαμεν: =ἐκείνων ἅ, “those things which”. ὔμμε: “you”, acc. 2nd. pl. (epic, aeolic) < σύ. The whole line metaphorically describes the Argo as though she were the ‘mother’ of the heroes: ἔκαμεν recalls κάματος which can be used of childbirth and κατὰ νηδύος is to be translated: “in her womb”.

1329: ἠγαθέην ἐς Ἀχαιίδα νοστήσαιτε: “you may return to the holy land of Achaea.” A solemn and weighty line with concludingspondeiazon ends the heroines prediction.

1330: ἵν᾿ ἔσταθεν: where they stood”: aor. ind. pass. 3rd. pl. (epic) <ἵστημι.

1331: φθογγῇ ὁμοῦ: “together with their voices”. αὐτὰρ Ἰήσων: the poet turns his attention to Jason’s reaction.

1332: παπτήνας ἀν᾿ ἄρ᾿ ἕζετ᾿: “he sat up and looked around.” Has he dreamt or has he seen a divine vision?

1333; “ἵλατ᾿: “be gracious”, the proper term when addressing the divine, as is ἐρημονόμοι κυδραὶ θεαί: “glorious goddesses of the desert”.

1334: as is natural after the supernatural experience that he has just had, Jason’s language seems a little confused: οὔ τι μάλ᾿ ἀντικρὺ νοέω φάτιν: lit. “not all do I completely understand”, i.e. “I do not at all understand”. ἦ μὲν ἑταίρους: as often in a tricky situation, Jason’s immediate recourse is to collegiate responsibility (1336: πολέων δέ τε μῆτις ἀρείων, “it is better to rely on the counsel of many”).

1335-6: δήωμεν: pres. subj. act. 1st. pl. <δήω. The planning will seek τέκμωρ . . . κομιδῆς: “an indication of how to return”. ἀρείων: nom. comp. adj. sg., used as Comp. of ἀγαθός, cf. ἄριστος.

1337: ἐπὶ μακρὸν ἀύτει: “shouted afar”. The use of this phrase makes Jason sound like a hero in full cry rather than a leader who does not know what to do (μακρὸν ἀΰτει Il. 20.50; καὶ μέγʼ ἀΰτει 21.582) and together with the simile likening him to a lion adds a note of incongruity to the description (see below on 1342-3).

1338: αὐσταλέος κονίῃσι λέων ὥς: “like a lion all squalid with dust”.

1339-40: σύννομον ἣν μεθέπων: “seeking its mate”. αἱ . . . βῆσσαι: balanced and elegant phrasing makes the description more vivid. The hyperbaton of definite article and noun embraces all the other elements of the sentence.

1341: ἄγραυλοί τε βόες: “the cattle in the fields” balances βουπελάται τε βοῶν in the next line: “the herdsmen of the cattle”. πεφρίκασιν: a perfect tense used with present meaning < φρίσσω.

1342-3: τοῖς δ᾿: i.e. to the Argonauts. His voice was not terrifying (ῥιγεδανή) to them. Their leader is not, after all, to be compared to an Iliadic lion but simply to a man calling to his friends (φίλοις ἐπικεκλομένοιο). Not for the first time, (e. g. 4.490-1), A., seems to be deflating, as it were, a typical Homeric theme.

1343: κατηφέες: “with their heads down”, suffering from typical Argonautic ἀμηχανίη.

1344: ὅρμοιο πέλας: lit. “near the anchorage”. Jason has assembled his men near to the Argo. μίγα θηλυτέρῃσιν: “men and women mixed together”: no social niceties for the castaways.

1345: μυθεῖτο: imperf. ind. 3rd. sg. (attic epic)< μυθέομαι: A. introduces variations on the usual form of Speech introduction (e.g. Od. 13.37 Ἀλκινόῳ δὲ μάλιστα πιφαυσκόμενος φάτο μῦθον). In the speech that follows, Jason repeats varies and adds new information.

1346: κλῦτε, φίλοι: “listen my friends”: aor. imperat. act. 2nd. pl. <κλύω. Jason opens his speech in Odyssean fashion: κλῦτε: Od. 14.495 κλῦτε, φίλοι· θεῖός μοι ἐνύπνιον ἦλθεν ὄνειρος (another dream sequence). τρεῖς γάρ μοι ἀνιάζοντι θεάων: another case of the word order emphasising the meaning: “three goddesses (three-the magic number; see further (Usener 1903)) . . . to me in my misery”. The goddesses literally ‘embrace’ the suppliant.

1347: στέρφεσιν αἰγείοις ἐζωσμέναι: an elaborate and recondite phrase: “girdled in goat-skin capes”. as though to stress their magical qualities; see further (Harder 2019, 381). ἐζωσμέναι: perf. part. mp. fem. nom. pl. <ζώννυμι.

1347-8: ἐξ ὑπάτοιο / αὐχένος: “from the top of the neck”. ἀμφί τε νῶτα καὶ ἰξύας: “around the back and the sides”. , ἠύτε κοῦραι: “like maidens (of Libya): see Hdt. 4.189.1-2.

1350: ἔσταν: aor. ind. act. 3rd. pl. (doric) <ἵστημι: “they stood”. ἂν δ᾿ἐκάλυψαν: “they uncovered (me): an example of apocopation(ἂν for ἀνα) in tmesis.

1351: κούφῃ χερί: the goddesses have treated Jason in gentle and gracious fashion.

1352: αὐτόν τ᾿ ἔγρεσθαι: “to rouse myself” <ἔγρω, later form of ἐγείρω. Balanced by: ἀνά . . . ὄρσαι: aor. inf. act. <ὄρνυμι.

1353-7: rewrite 1325-8. A. rewords what the Heroines said and does not repeat verbatim as Homer would have done.

1353: σφετέρῃ: here means “our”. μενοεικέα: added by Jason: “plentiful, abundant”, probably meant to emphasise Jason’s usual emollient approach, when he is trying to win an audience over.

1354: Virtually repeating 1328. Jason is playing the role of messenger and, according to Homeric practice, they repeat themselves, when ‘reporting back’. A. is acknowledging his debt to Homer.

1355-6: see on 1326. πάγχυ νοῆσαι: again, acknowledging his lack of understanding of his experience but using more ornate (and oratorical) language to do so; see on 1334.

1357: τῆσδε θεοπροπίης . . . πέρι: “about this prophecy / divine message. ἴσχω with νοῆσαι: “I’m not able to explain φάν: imperf. ind. act. 3rd. pl, (epic, doric, aeolic) <φημί, emphasised by γε μὲν: “indeed”.

1358: repeated from 1323, because this is their official title.

1359-60: Jason rewords the heroines’ claim to complete knowledge of the Argonauts’ exploits.

1360: διίδμεναι: “to discern, to know”, a rare formation see LSJ s.v. δίοιδα and for comparison (the derivation is disputable): the wiki LSJεὐχετόωντο: “they claimed”: imperf. ind. mp. 3rd. pl. (epic) < εὐχετάομαι.

1361: ἐσέδρακον: “I saw them (τάσδ᾿) no longer (οὐδ᾿ ἔτι) in their place (ἀνὰ χῶρον).

1361-2: ἀχλὺς / ἠὲ νέφος: “a mist or a cloud”, language often associated often associate with distortions of vision or death (Il. 5.696 κατὰ δʼ ὀφθαλμῶν κέχυτʼ ἀ.). Jason finds it difficult to explain what has happened to him. μεσσηγὺ: goes closely with ἐκάλυψεν: “a kind of mist came between and hid them from sight”. φαεινομένας: epic form < φαίνω.

1363: ἐθάμβεον εἰσαΐοντες: “listened with amazement to his tale”.

1364: μήκιστον τεράων: “the most astounding prodigy (μήκιστον = μέγιστον) happened (ἐτύχθη) to the Minyans (i.e. the Argonauts).

1365: In line with what has been prophesied earlier by the Heroines of Libya: Poseidon's horses, complete with flowing golden manes, in the Iliad (13.23–38), where their natural habitat is underwater, in lake or sea. πελώριος: the horse is huge. ἔκθορεν: “leapt forth from the sea (ἐξ ἁλὸς).

1366: ἀμφιλαφής: here possibly meant to reinforce πελώριος but it is very often used of foliage and on occasion of hair (LSJ s.v. ἀμφιλαφής and χαίτη). As befits one of Poseidon’s horses, his neck is held high (μετήορος αὐχένα) and his hair is golden (χρυσέῃσι . . . χαίταις).

1367: The image of the mighty horse quickly (ῥίμφα) shaking (σεισάμενος) the abundant (νήχυτον) spry (ἅλμην) from his limbs (γυίων ἄπο) is a fine and natural one.

1368: ὦρτο θέειν: “he started to run”. πνοιῇ ἴκελος πόδας: “swift as the wind”. Aietes’ horses are similarly described at 4.221 (see 219-21n.). αἶψα δὲ Πηλεὺς: Peleus immediately (αἶψα) steps in and acts as interpreter of Jason’s vision / omen. He has played such a role before (e.g., 4.485-502).

1369: γηθήσας: “rejoicing”. If one bears in mind the incredibly tough nature of the proposal that P. makes to his assembled comrades (ἑτάροισιν ὁμηγερέεσσι), the use of this particular participle might be read as an ironic authorial comment.

Bibliography:

Harder, A. 2019. ‘Taking Position: Later Hellenistic Epigrammatists’. In A Companion to Ancient Epigram, edited by Christer Henriksén. New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons.

Hulse, P. 2020. ‘Κ.Φ. Unmasked: An Emendation Correctly Attributed’. Mnemosyne 1 (aop): 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1163/1568525X-BJA10017.

Usener, H. 1903. ‘Dreiheit’. RhM 58: 1–47.

ἑτέρωσε, to the other side

 παλιμπετής, falling back

 ὄμμα -ατος τό, eye

 φέρω οἴσω ἤνεγκα ἐνήνοχα ἐνήνεγμαι ἠνέχθην, bear, carry

 δαίμων δαίμονος ὁ/ἡ, divinity, god, spirit

 αἰδέομαι, to show reverence to

ἀμφαδόν, publicly, openly, without disguise

 οἶος -η -ον, alone

 μειλίχιος, gentle, mild, soothing

ἀτύζομαι, to be distraught from fear, bewildered

κάμμορος, ill-fated, long-suffering

 τίπτε, why? (τί ποτε)

τόσσος, so great, so vast

 ἀμηχανία, want of means, helplessness, impotence

 βολέω, to be stricken

 οἶδα, infin. εἰδέναι, imper. ἴσθι, plupf. used as impf. ᾔδειν, to know

 ἐποίχομαι, to go in search of

 χρυσοῦς -ῆ -οῦν, golden, gold-inlaid

 δέρος, skin, fleece

ἕκαστος -η -ον, each, every one

 ὑμέτερος -α -ον, your

 κάματος, toil, trouble, labour

 ὅσσος -η -ον, as great as

χθών χθονός ἡ, the earth, ground

ὑγρός, wet, moist, running, fluid

 πλάζω, to wander

πόντος -ου ὁ, sea, the deep

 ὑπέρβιος, overwhelming, mighty

 ἔργον -ου τό, work, deed

 κάμνω καμοῦμαι ἔκαμον κεκήμακα --- ---, work, labour, win by toil

 οἰοπόλος, solitary, living in loneliness

αὐδήεις, speaking with human voice

 ἡρῷσσα, ἡ, heroine

 Λιβύη, Libya, the north part of Africa

τιμήορος, guardian

θυγάτηρ θυγατρός ἡ, daughter

ἀνίστημι ἀνστήσω ἀνέστησα (or ἀνέστην) ἀνέστηκα ἀνέσταμαι ἀνεστάθην, arise, get up,

τοῖος -α -ον, such

 ὀϊζύς, woe, misery

 ἄχομαι, grieving, sorrowing, mourning

Ἀμφιτρίτη, Amphitrite

 ἅρμα -ατος τό, chariot

 Ποσειδῶν -ῶνος ὁ, Poseidon

 εὔτροχος, well-wheeled

 λύω λύσω ἔλυσα λέλυκα λέλυμαι ἐλύθην, loose

σφέτερος, your (see notes)

ἀποτίνω, to pay a price

 ἀμοιβή, recompense, compensation, return, payment

κάμνω καμοῦμαι ἔκαμον κεκήμακα --- ---, work, labour

 δηρός, long, too long

νηδύς, the belly

 ὑμεῖς, you

ἠγάθεος, very divine, most holy

ἄφαντος, made invisible, blotted out, forgotten

φθογγή, voice

 ὁμοῦ, in the same place, at the same place

 γίγνομαι γενήσομαι ἐγενόμην γέγονα γεγένομαι ---, become, happen

 παρασχεδόν, immediately

παπταίνω, to look earnestly, gaze

ἀνέζω, to sit upright

χθών χθονός ἡ, the earth, ground

ἵλημι, be gracious!

 ἐρημόνομος, dwelling in the desert

 κυδρός, glorious, illustrious, noble

ἀντικρύ, completely

 νοέω νοοῦμαι --- --- --- ---, perceive, understand

 φάτις, oracle

ἀγείρω ἤγειρα ἀγήγερμαι ἠγέρθην, gather, collect

 μυθέομαι, describe, explain, relate

τέκμαρ, indication

 δήω, to find, meet with

 κομιδή, return

μῆτις, wisdom, counsel, cunning, craft

 ἀρείων, better

ἀναΐσσω, to start up, rise quickly

ἀυτέω, to cry

 ἀυσταλέος, dry, unkempt, dusty

 κονίη, dust, a cloud of dust

 λέων λέοντος ὁ, lion

ὕλη, wood

 σύννομος, mate

μεθέπω, to follow after, follow closely

 ὠρύομαι, to roar

βαρύς -εῖα -ύ, deep, low

 φθογγή, voice

 ὑποτρομέω, to tremble under

ὄρος ὄρους τό, mountain, hill

τηλόθι, far away

 βῆσσα, a wooded glen

 δεῖμα, fear, affright

ἄγραυλος, dwelling in the field

βοῦς βοός ὁ/ἡ, cattle

φρίσσω, to shudder

 βουπελάτης, herdsman

γῆρυς, voice, speech

 τεύχω τεύξω ἔτευξα τέτευχα τέτυγμαι ἐτύχθην, to be

 ῥιγεδανός, making one shudder with cold, chilling

 ἑταῖρος -ου ὁ, comrade, companion

 φίλος -η -ον, dear, beloved, one's own

 ἐπικέλομαι, to call upon

 ἀγχοῦ, near, nigh

ἠγερέθομαι, to gather together, assemble

 κατηφής, with downcast eyes, downcast, mute

ἄχνῠμαι, to grieve, sorry

 ὅρμος, anchorage

 πέλας, near

 μίγα, mixed with

 θῆλυς θήλεια θῆλυ, female

 ἱδρύω ἱδρύσω ἵδυρσα ἵδρυκα ἵδρυμαι ἱδρύθην, make sit down, seat

 μυθέομαι, speak or talk of, describe, explain, relate

 πιφαύσκω, to make manifest, declare, tell of

κλύω, hearken

ἀνιάζω, to grieve, distress

στέρφος, hide, skin

 αἴγειος, of a goat

 ζώννυμι, to gird

ὕπατος -η -ον, highest, the top of

 αὐχήν, the neck, throat

νῶτον, the back

ἰξύς, the waist

 ἠύτε, as, like as

ὑπέρ, over, above

 κεφαλή -ῆς ἡ, head

ἐπισχεδόν, near at hand, hard by

ἀνακαλύπτω, to uncover

 πέπλος, cloak

 ἐρύω, draw, drag off

 κοῦφος, light, nimble

κέλομαι, command, urge on, exhort, call to

ἐγείρω ἐγερῶ ἤγειρα ἐγρήγορα --- ἠγέρθην, rouse, stir up

ὄρνυμι, arouse, stir up

σφέτερος, our

 μενοεικής, pleasing, abundant

πάγχυ, quite, wholly, entirely

 νοέω νοοῦμαι --- --- --- ---, perceive, observe, think

 θεοπροπίη, a prophecy, oracle

 ἴσχω, to be able to

ὁπόσος -η -ον, as many as, as great as

 πρόσθεν, before

τλάω, to take upon oneself, to bear, suffer, undergo

διαείδω, discern, distinguish (δια-είδω)

 εὐχετάομαι, to pray, claim

χῶρος -ου ὁ, place, a piece of ground

 εἰσδέρκομαι, to look at, see

ἀχλύς, a mist

νέφος, a cloud, mass

φαίνω φανῶ ἔφηνα πέφηνα πέφασμαι ἐφάν(θ)ην, appear

 καλύπτω, to cover with

θαμβέω, to be astounded, amazed

 εἰσαίω, to listen

μήκιστος, furthest, longest, biggest

 τέρας -ατος τό, portent

 Μινύαι, the Minyans

 τεύχω τεύξω ἔτευξα τέτευχα τέτυγμαι ἐτύχθην, happen

ἤπειρος -ου ἡ, the land

 πελώριος, gigantic

 ἐκθρώσκω, to leap out of

 ἵππος -ου ὁ, horse, mare

 ἀμφιλαφής, large, massive

μετήορος, raised

 αὐχήν, the neck, throat

 χαίτη, long, flowing hair

 ῥίμφα, lightly, swiftly, fleetly

 σείω, to shake, move to and fro

 γυῖον -ου, τό, limbs

νήχυτος, full-flowing, copious

 ἅλμη, sea-water, brine

 ὄρνυμι, arouse, stir up

 θέω θεύσομαι --- --- --- ---, to run

 πνοή, a blowing, blast, breeze

 ἴκελος, like, resembling

Πηλεύς, Peleus

 γηθέω, to rejoice

 ὁμηγερής, assembled

 μεταυδάω, to speak among

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Suggested Citation

Peter Hulse. Apollonius: Argonautica Book IV. Carlisle, Pennsylvania: Dickinson College Commentaries, 2022. ISBN: 978-1-947822-21-4. https://dcc.dickinson.edu/apollonius-argonautica/argonautica-iv-1316-1367