(1) Armeniam quam occupāverant Parthī recēpit, Parthomasīrī occīsō quī eam tenēbat. Albānīs rēgem dedit. Hibērōrum rēgem et Sauromatārum et Bosphorānōrum et Arabum et Osdroēnōrum et Colchōrum in fidem accēpit. Carduenōs, Marcomedōs occupāvit et Anthemūsium, māgnam Persidis regiōnem, Seleuciam, Ctēsiphōntem, Babylōnem. Messēniōs vīcit ac tenuit.
(2) Ūsque ad Indiae fīnēs et mare Rubrum accessit atque ibi trēs prōvinciās fēcit, Armeniam, Assyriam, Mesopotamiam, cum hīs gentibus quae Madenam attingunt. Arabiam posteā in prōvinciae fōrmam redēgit. In marī Rubrō classem īnstituit, ut per eam Indiae fīnēs vāstāret.
notes
Trajan's Parthian Campaigns (114-116 CE)
See Dio Cassius 68.17-20; C.S. Lightfoot, "Trajan's Parthian War and the Fourth Century Perspective," Journal of Roman Studies 80 (1990): 115-126.
(1) Parthomasīrī occīsō: ablative absolute using a perfect passive participle (AG 419). Parthamasiris was the ruler of Armenia.
Albānīs: see Albania.
Hibērōrum rēgem et Sauromatārum et Bosphorānōrum et Arabum et Osdroēnōrum et Colchōrum: supply rēgem for each proper noun. For more information, see Kingdom of Iberia, Sarmatians, Bosporan Kingdom, Arabs, Osroene, and Colchis.
in fidem accēpit: "received into alliance" the kings of various eastern peoples in the regions of Armenia and Mesopotamia. That is, they became nominally client kings of the Romans.
occupāvit: "took possession of" the territory of various peoples in Mesopotamia who had been under the Parthian Empire: the Cardueni, the Marcomedi, and Anthemusium, a large portion of Persia, Seleucia, Ctesiphon (the Parthian capital) and Babylon.
Messēniōs: the Messenii were either the inhabitants of Mesene in Babylia (Ammianus 24.3.12) or those of an island at the mouth of the Tigris (Bird).
tenuit: "retained control of"
(2) mare Rubrum: Trajan sailed down the Tigris to the Persian Gulf (not the Red Sea) (Bird).
fēcit: "created" three new provinces, Armenia, Assyria, and Mesopotamia
Madenam: Madena or Medena was a district in Armenia Minor, between the Kura and Araxes rivers.
in marī rubrō classem instituit: Trajan sailed down the Tigris to the Persian Gulf (Bird).