Ἄδραστος, Ionic Ἄδρηστος, -ου ὁ: Adrastus, son of Merope, Trojan ally
ἄρα, ῥά (enclit.), ἄρ, ῥ᾿: so, then, as you know, you know, it seems. Very often it marks an action as natural, or reminds of something recently said. It also marks transitions.
βοή -ῆς ἡ: a loud cry, shout
Μενέλαος: Menelaos, son of Atreus, brother of Agamemnon, king of Sparta and the husband of Helen
ζωός or ζώς: alive, living
οἱ (enclitic, dat. 3rd pers. pron.): (to) him, (to) her
ἀτύζω: to be distraught from fear, bewildered
πεδίον -ου τό: a plain
ὄζος: a bough, branch, twig, shoot
βλάπτω βλάψω ἔβλαψα βέβλαφα βέβλαμμαι ἐβλάφθην (or ἐβλάβην): to weaken, hinder, hold back
μυρίκινος: made of tamarisk
ἀγκύλος: crooked, curved
ἅρμα -ατος τό: a chariot. It was low and light, entered from behind with a curved rim in front and on the sides, with standing room for two persons, the driver and the fighter; it was drawn generally by two horses, sometimes by three, and was used not so much for fighting as a ready means of transportation from one part of the field to another.40
ῥυμός: the pole of a carriage
ᾗ: which way, where, whither
δίφρος ‑ου ὁ: footboard of a chariot, chariot box, chariot; stool, low seat
τροχός ‑οῦ ὁ: wheel
ἐκκυλίνδω: to roll out
πρηνής -ές: headlong
κονία or κονίη: dust, a cloud of dust
Ἀτρεΐδης, gen. Ἀτρεΐδαο or Ἀτρεΐδεω: son of Atreus (either Agamemnon or Menelaus)
δολιχόσκιος -ον: casting a long shadow
ἔγχος -εος τό: spear, lance
λίσσομαι: to beg, pray, entreat, beseech45
γόνυ, gen. γόνατος or γούνατος: knee
ζωγρέω: to take alive; revive, give life
Ἀτρεύς -εως ὁ: Atreus, son of Pelops and Hippodamia, father of Agamemnon and Menelaus
ἄποινα -ων τά: a ransom
ἀφνειός: rich, wealthy; full
κειμήλιον: a treasure, heirloom
χαλκός -οῦ ὁ: bronze
χρυσός -οῦ ὁ: gold
πολύκμητος -ον: much-wrought, wrought with much toil
σίδηρος -ου ὁ: iron
χαρίζομαι χαρίσομαι ἐχαρισάμην κεχάρισμαι --- ἐχαρίσθην: do a favor, gratify, give gladly; χαριζομένη, in order to please; ἐμῷ κεχαρισμένε θυμῷ, delight of my heart
ἀπερείσιος: countless
Ἀχαιός: Achaian
50
στῆθος -εος τό: the breast, chest
μιν: him, her, it
τάχα: quickly, presently; perhaps
θοός -ή -όν: quick, nimble
θεράπων -οντος ὁ: attendant, servant, assistant, companion
κατάγω, aor. inf. καταξέμεν: to lead (down) back (to the ships)
Ἀγαμέμνων -ονος ὁ: Agamemnon, son of Atreus, king of Mycenae and the leader of the expedition against Troy
ἀντίος, -α or -ιη, -ον: opposite, against
θέω θεύσομαι: to run
ὁμοκλάω and -έω, aor. partic. ὁμοκλήσας, iterative aor. ὁμοκλήσασκε: to shout, chide, threaten (used when a person of higher status reprimands an inferior)
αὐδάω, 3 sing. impf. ηὔδα, iterative aor. αὐδήσασκε: to speak
πέπων -ονος: my good fellow, dear (used in adresses by an elder or superior in an affectionate, condescending, or contemptuous tone)55
κήδω: to trouble, distress, vex; (mid.) grieve, care for (+gen.)
ἄριστον ‑ου τό: the morning meal, breakfast
Τρῶες: Trojans
ὑπεκφεύγω ὑπεκφεύξομαι ὑπεκέφυγον ὑπεκπέφευγα: to escape
αἰπύς -εῖα -ύ: high, steep, lofty, sheer
ὄλεθρος -ου ὁ: ruin, destruction, death
γαστήρ -έρος ἡ: the belly, stomach, womb
κόρος or κοῦρος -ου ὁ: boy, young man
Ἴλιος -ου ἡ: Ilius or Ilium, the city of Ilus, Troy60
ἐξαπόλλυμι: to destroy utterly; (mid.) to perish utterly from
ἀκήδεστος -ον: uncared for, unburied
ἄφαντος -ον: made invisible, blotted out, forgotten
φρήν φρενός ἡ: heart, mind
ἥρως ἥρωος ὁ: hero, warrior
αἴσιμος: fitting, suitable, due; αἴσιμα παρειπών 'advising what was appropriate'
παρεῖπον, aor. of παράφημι: to counsel, urge, persuade
ὠθέω: to thrust, push, shove, force onwards
κρείων -οντος ὁ: ruler, lord, master
οὐτάω: to wound, hurt, hit
λαπάρα ‑ας ἡ: the soft part of the body, flank
ἀνατρέπω, aor. 2 mid. ἀνετράπετο: turn over; (aor.) fell back
λάξ: (Adv.) with the foot65
ἐκσπάω: to draw out
μέλινος: ashen
Νέστωρ -ορος ὁ: Nestor, king of the Pylians, famous for his age, wisdom, eloquence, and skill in marshaling the army for battle
Ἀργεῖος -η -ον: of/from Argos, Argive
κέλομαι, aor. (ἐ)κέκλετο: to urge on, bid, command (freq. + dative)
αὔω, impf. αὖον, aor. ἤῡσα, ἄῡσα, inf. ἀῦσαι, part. ἀύσᾱς: shout, call aloud
φίλος -η -ον: loved, beloved, dear, own
Δαναοί ‑ῶν οἱ: the Danaans, name used of the Greeks generally
Ἄρης: Ares, son of Zeus and Hera, God of war, is on the side of the Trojans
ἔναρα ‑ων τά: spoils, armor taken from a slain foe
ἐπιβάλλω ἐπιβαλῶ ἐπέβαλον ἐπιβέβληκα ἐπιβέβλημαι ἐπεβλήθην: to throw, cast on; (mid.) lay hands upon, strive for
μετόπισθε: from behind, backwards, back
μίμνω: to stay, stand fast, remain
ἱκνέομαι and ἵκω, fut. ἵξομαι, aor. ἵκετο and ἷξε(ν), aor. subj. ἵκωμαι and ἵκηαι: to come, arrive at, reach
κτείνω, aor. subj. κτείνῃς, aor. (ἔ)κτανε(ν) and ἔκτα, aor. mid. as pass. κτάμενος: to slay, kill70
ἕκηλος: at rest, at one's ease
νεκρός -οῦ ὁ: a dead body, corpse
συλάω: to strip off