Hīs animum arrēctī dictīs et fortis Achātēs

et pater Aenēās iamdūdum ērumpere nūbem580

ārdēbant. Prior Aenēān compellat Achātēs:

'Nāte deā, quae nunc animō sententia surgit?

Omnia tūta vidēs, classem sociōsque receptōs.

Ūnus abest, mediō in flūctū quem vīdimus ipsī

submersum; dictīs respondent cētera mātris.'585

Vix ea fātus erat cum circumfūsa repente

scindit sē nūbēs et in aethera pūrgat apertum.

Restitit Aenēās clārāque in lūce refulsit

ōs umerōsque deō similis; namque ipsa decōram

caesariem nātō genetrīx lūmenque iuventae590

purpureum et laetōs oculīs adflārat honōrēs:

quāle manūs addunt eborī decus, aut ubi flāvō

argentum Pariusve lapis circumdatur aurō.

Tum sīc rēgīnam adloquitur cūnctīsque repente

imprōvīsus ait: 'Cōram, quem quaeritis, adsum,595

Trōïus Aenēās, Libycīs ēreptus ab undīs.

Ō sōla īnfandōs Trōiae miserāta labōrēs,

quae nōs, rēliquiās Danaüm, terraeque marisque

omnibus exhaustōs iam cāsibus, omnium egēnōs,

urbe, domō sociās, grātēs persolvere dignās600

nōn opis est nostrae, Dīdō, nec quidquid ubīque est

gentis Dardaniae, magnum quae sparsa per orbem.

Dī tibi, sī qua piōs respectant nūmina, sī quid

usquam iūstitiae est et mēns sibi cōnscia rēctī,

praemia digna ferant. Quae tē tam laeta tulērunt605

saecula? Quī tantī tālem genuēre parentēs?

In freta dum fluviī current, dum montibus umbrae

lūstrābunt convexa, polus dum sīdera pāscet,

semper honōs nōmenque tuum laudēsque manēbunt,

quae mē cumque vocant terrae.' Sīc fātus amīcum610

Īlionēa petit dextrā laevāque Serestum,

post aliōs, fortemque Gyān fortemque Cloanthum.

    Achates and Aeneas long to make themselves known. Suddenly the mist disperses, and Venus makes her son as beautiful as a god. Aeneas reveals himself to Dido, saying that he will remember her always, everywhere (Austin). 

    The whole scene is a recollection of Odyssey VII 143 ff., where Ulysses suddenly appears. He addresses the queen and greets his comrades (Carter).

    579  Animum arrēctī: “lifted up in spirit”; animum is accusative of respect after the passive participle (Austin). 

    580 Pater: the term marks Aeneas as a responsible leader; sometimes it implies an aspect of his pietas (Austin). 

    582: Nāte deā: “Goddess born” not “son of a goddess” (Comstock); vocative (AG 340); “you goddess-born” appropriate address, implying that Aeneas is under his mother's care (F-B). Here chosen to remind him of his mother’s recent prophecy (399) as 585 shows (Conway). 

    582  Surgit: represents a new thought as something living (so stare, sedere) and gives poetic color to the everyday word sententia (Conway). 

    583  Tūta: predicative, “that all is safe” (Conway). 

    584  Ūnus abest: i.e. Orontes, who was lost in the storm (F-D).

    585  dictīs respondent cētera mātris“all the rest agrees with (lit. 'answers to') your mother’s statement” (Comstock).

    587  scindit sē … et pūrgat: se is the obj. of both scindit and purgat, “parts and clears itself away into the open sky” (Conway).

    588  Restitit: “Stood revealed” (F-D) or “stood forth” (Carter).

    589  deō: probably Apollo, whose head and shoulders are particularly praised (Carter).

    590  caesariem: long flowing locks were an essential of manly beauty; and are characteristic of Apollo (Carter). 

    590  nātō genetrīx: a significant juxtaposition, “with a mother’s pride” (Conway). 

    590-91  lūmenque iuventae / purpureum: “the rosy light” i.e. “the rosy bloom of youth” (Chase). It is unfortunate that the word “purple,” always strange to English lips, has come to denote for us something bluish, instead of the glowing crimson, shot through with hues of mother of pearl (ostrum), which “Tyrian purple” meant to a Roman (Conway). 

    591  laetōs honōrēs: “sparkling beauty” from the joy of youth (F-D). 

    591  adflārat: syncopated form of adflaverat. “Had breathed” (Carter).

    592  manūs: “skilled hands” or “the hands of artists” (Carter). 

    592  addunt: clearly of gilding, but equally clearly of gilt applied only to parts of the underlying material, as e.g. to the hair of a statue, which in that case might just as well be plaster as the costly materials here named (Conway). 

    593  Parius lapis: “marble of Paros,” of dazzling whiteness (Conway). Not just conventional: Parian marble had a luminous quality in its whiteness (Austin). 

    594  cūnctīs: dative, with improvisus (FD). 

    597  miserāta: a participle, equivalent to a relative clause, quae miserata es (FD).

    598:  quae nōs urbe, domō sociās: the verb is sociās (I. 600) (Carter), “You who grant us a share in your city (and your) palace.” domō and urbe are ablatives of association (Bennett). Ablatives of instrument (F-B).

    599  omnium egēnōs: “destitute of all things” (Bennett).

    600  persolvere: “to pay to the full,” observe the force of per (thoroughly) (Carter).

    601  nōn opis est nostrae: "it is not in our power" (Carter), predicate genitive (AG 343b). 

    601  quidquideius gentis, or some other genitive, must be supplied to parallel opis est nostrae. “Nor is it in the power of this race, whatsoever of the Trojan race exists,” etc. (Carter).

    603  sī quid ... iūstitia est: “if justice amounts to anything” (Carter). 

    603  dī tibi … ferant: “may the gods grant you” (Comstock). The gods are invoked to show great gratitude (Bennett).

    606  tantī tālem: notice the emphatic juxtaposition (Carter).

    607  montibus: either dative of reference (AG 377) or ablative of place where (AG 429.4) (Comstock). 

    montibus lūstrābunt convexa: “shall flit over the hollows on the hills” (Bennett).

    608  pāscet: the stars are thought of as grazing like sheep in the sky, nourishing themselves on the little particles of fire contained in the aether (Carter). They were believed to be nourished by vapors arising from the Earth and the sea (Chase).

    610  quae … cumque: tmesisquaecumque quācumque, “wherever” (Comstock).

    611  Serestum: not to be confused with Sergestus, whose name we would naturally expect because he is mentioned (1. 510) among those whom Aeneas saw in the band of suppliants (Carter).

    612  post: adverb.

    CORE VOCABULARY

    arrigō, rēxī, rēctus, 3, a.: to raise up; erect; bristle up, 10.726; (fig.), to excite, rouse; p., arrēctus, a, um, standing up, rising; erect, 5.426; bristling, 11.754; attentive, 1.152; animated, roused, encouraged, 1.579; ardent, intent; intense, 5.138; in fearful expectation, 12.731. (ad and regō)

    dictum, ī, n.: a thing said; word, 1.197; command, precept, injunction, 1.695; promise, 8.643. (dīcō)

    Achātēs, ae, m.: Achates, a companion of Aeneas, 1.174, et al.

    Aenēās, ae, m.: 1. A Trojan chief, son of Venus and Anchises, and hero of the Aeneid, 1.92. 2. Aenēās Silvius, one of the Alban kings, 6.769.

    ērumpō, rūpī, ruptus, 3, a. and n.: to burst forth; burst, break through, 1.580; dash, dart forward, 10.890.

    nūbēs, is, f.: a cloud, 1.516, et al.; storm, 10.809; the air, 12.856; (fig.), flock, multitude, 7.705.

    compellō, āvī, ātus, 1, a.: to address, accost, speak to, 1.581; greet, salute, 3.299; chide, upbraid, 5.161.

    summergō, mersī, mersus, 3, a.: to plunge beneath; submerge, sink, 1.40. (sub and mergō)

    circumfundō, fūdī, fūsus, 3, a.: to pour around; to encompass, surround; (pass.), circumfundor, fūsus sum, (in middle signif.), to rush around, surround, 2.383; p., circumfūsus, a, um, surrounding, 1.586; gathering around, 6.666.

    repēns, entis: (adv.), suddenly, unexpectedly, 1.594.

    scindō, scidī, scissus, 3, a.: to cut asunder; split, 6.182; part, separate, divide, 1.161; tear, 9.478; (fig.), divide, 2.39.

    pūrgō, āvī, ātus, 1, a.: to render pure, clean, or clear; sē pūrgāre, to dissolve, disappear, 1.587. (pūrus and agō)

    resistō, stitī, 3, n.: to remain standing; stand revealed, 1.588; oppose, withstand, resist, 2.335; interpose, 2.599; halt, stop, falter, 4.76.

    refulgeō, fulsī, fulsus, 2, n.: to flash back; shine forth, flash, be radiant, 1.402; glitter, glisten, 6.204.

    umerus, ī, m.: the upper bone of the arm; the shoulder, 1.501, and freq.

    decōrus, a, um: adj. (decor), fit, proper, becoming, 5.343; graceful, beautiful, 1.589; adorned, 5.133; shining, 11.194.

    caesariēs, ēī, f.: the hair of the head, 1.590, et al.

    genetrīx, īcis, f.: she who brings forth; mother, 1.590, et al. (gignō)

    iuventa, ae, f.: youthfulness; the age of youth; youth, 1.590, et al. (iuvenis)

    purpureus, a, um: adj. (purpura), of purple; purple-colored, scarlet, red, purple, 1.337; of blood, 9.349; ruddy, glowing, brilliant, 1.591.

    adflō, āvī, ātus, 1, n. and a.: to blow upon; breathe upon, 5.739; blast, 2.649; inspire, 6.50; impart, 1.591.

    manus, ūs, f.: the hand, 1.487; freq.; (meton.), action, movement of the hand; work, art, handiwork, 3.486; prowess, heroic deed, action, 2.434; force, violence, 2.645; a collection of persons; a band, crew, troop; an army, 2.29; forces, 5.623; multitude, 6.660; pl., manūs, workmen, 11.329; dare manūs, to yield, 11.558; extrēma manus, the finishing hand or touch, 7.572.

    ebur, oris, n.: ivory, 1.592.

    flāvus, a, um: (adj.), yellowish; yellow, 7.31; gold-tinted, golden, 1.592; 4.559; yellow-haired, golden-haired; pale green, 5.309.

    Parius, a, um: adj. (Paros), of Paros; Parian, 1.593.

    circumdō, dedī, datus, dare, 1, a.: to put or throw around; (with abl.), to encircle, surround, encompass, inclose with, 1.368; of dress, gird, 9.462; adorn, 6.207; set, 1.593; border, 4.137; (with dat.), throw around, 2.792; twine or coil around, 2.219; put round, 2.510.

    rēgīna, ae, f.: a queen, 1.9; princess, 1.273. (rēx)

    adloquor, locūtus sum, 3, dep. a.: to address, 1, 229.

    imprōvīsus, a, um: (adj.), unforeseen; unlooked for, unexpected, 1.595.

    cōram: (prep. and adv.; prep. w. abl.), in the presence of; before; (adv.), in person, face to face, openly, in presence, 1.520, 595.

    Trōius, a, um: (adj.), of Troy, Trojan, 1.119.

    Libycus, a, um: (adj.), Libyan, 1.339, et al.; subst., Libycum, ī, n., the Libyan or African sea, 5.595.

    ō: (interj. expressing joy, grief, astonishment, desire, or indignation), O! oh! ah! w. voc., 2.281, et al.; w. sī and the subj., oh that, 11.415; sometimes placed after the word to which it relates, 2.281.

    īnfandus, a, um: (adj.), not to be uttered; unutterable, inexpressible, unspeakable, 4.85; cruel, 1.525; dreadful, horrible, 10.673; accursed, perfidious, 4.613; fatal, 2.132; neut., in exclamations, īnfandum! O shame, O woe unutterable! 1.251; pl., īnfanda, as(adv.), 8.489.

    Trōia, ae, f.: 1. Troy, the capital of the Troad, 2.625, et al. 2. A city built by Helenus in Epirus, 3.349. 3. A part of the city of Acesta in Sicily, 5.756. 4. The name of an equestrian game of Roman boys, 5.602.

    miseror, ātus sum, 1, dep. a.: to express, manifest, or feel pity for; compassionate, pity, 1.597. (miser)

    rēliquiae, ārum, f.: the things left; remnant, 1.30; relics, remains, 4.343. (relinquō)

    Danaī, ōrum, m.: the Greeks, 2.327.

    exhauriō, hausī, haustus, 4, a.: to draw out, drain, exhaust, toil through, achieve, 4.14; undergo, 1.599; endure, 11.256; inflict, 9.356.

    egēnus, a, um: adj. (egeō), needy; in want, destitute, 1.599; distressed, straitened, imperiled, desperate, 10.367.

    sociō, āvī, ātus, 1, a.: to make one a socius; to share, unite, associate, 1.600; join in marriage, 12.27. (socius)

    grātēs: defect. (found only in nom. and acc. pl.), f. (grātor), thanks, 1.600; in a bad sense, return, reward, 2.537.

    persolvō, solvī, solūtus, 3, a.: to loosen completely; set free; free one's self from obligation; pay, render, give, return, 1.600, et al.; sacrifice, offer, 5.484.

    Dīdō, ūs or ōnis, f.: Dido, daughter of Belus, king of Phoenicia, who fled from her brother Pygmalion to Africa, where she founded the city of Carthage, 1.299.

    ubīque: (adv. of place), wheresoever; anywhere, 1.601; everywhere, 2.368.

    Dardanius, a, um: adj. (Dardanus), Dardanian, Trojan, 5.711; subst., Dardanius, iī, m., the Dardanian; the Trojan, 12.14.

    quis, qua or quae, quid or quod: (indef. pron., adj., and subst.), any, some, 2.94, et al.; some one, any one, any body, anything, something, 1.413, et al.; sī quis, nē quis, etc., if any, lest any, etc., freq.; (adv.), quid, as to anything, in anything, at all, freq.; sī quid, if at all, freq.

    respectō, freq. 1, n. and a.: to look back or again; look behind, 11.630; regard, care for, 1.603. (respiciō)

    ūsquam: (adv.), anywhere, 1.604; by any means, at all, 8.568.

    iūstitia, ae, f.: righteousness, justice, equity, 1.523, et al. (iūstus)

    cōnscius, a, um: adj. (com- and sciō), having complete knowledge; conscious, 5.455; conscious of, 2.141; conscious of guilt, guilty, 2.99; witnessing (w. dat.), 4.167; having knowledge in common, or a mutual understanding; confederate, 2.267.

    rēctum, ī, n.: (subst.), right, 1.604. (regō)

    fretum, ī, n.: a frith or strait; water; the sea, 1.557.

    fluvius, iī, m.: a stream; river, 1.607; water, fountains, abundant water; secundō fluviō, by the favoring stream, with or down the stream, 7.494. (fluō)

    lūstrō, āvī, ātus, 1, a.: to purify by atonement, 3.279; go round the fields with the victims; hence to bless, ask for a blessing on; go or dance around an altar or the image of a god, 7.391; traverse, pass across, around, or over, 1.608; pass in review, parade before, 5.578; run through, 2.528; search, 1.577; observe, survey, 1.453; watch, mark, 11.763; of the sun, illuminate, 4.607. (lūstrum)

    convexum, ī, n.: a convexity; recess, 1.310; pl., convexa, ōrum, vault, arch, 4.451; the concave vaulted sky or heavens, 6.241; convexities, sloping or hollow sides, 1.608.

    polus, ī, m.: the terminating point of an axis; the celestial pole; (meton.), the heavens, sky, 1.90; air, 1.398.

    pāscō, pāvī, pāstus, 3, a. and n.: to furnish with food; to feed; rear, breed, 6.655; nourish, 1.608; (fig.), 1.464; let grow, 7.391; cherish, indulge, nourish, 10.627; pass. as dep., pāscor, pāstus sum, 3, a. and n., to graze, 1.186; feed upon, eat, 2.471; use for pasture, to pasture, 11.319.

    Īlioneus (quadrisyll.), eī, m. (acc. ēa instead of ea, 1.611): commander of one of the ships of Aeneas, 1.120, et al.

    laeva, ae, f. (sc. manus): the left hand, 1.611; ab laevā, on the left side, 8.460.

    Serestus, ī, m.: a companion of Aeneas, 1.611, et al.

    Gyās, ae, m.: 1. Gyas, commander of one of the ships of Aeneas, 1.222. 2. A Latin slain by Aeneas, 10.318.

    Cloanthus, ī, m.: commander of one of the ships of Aeneas, 1.222.

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    Suggested Citation

    Christopher Francese and Meghan Reedy, Vergil: Aeneid Selections. Carlisle, Pennsylvania: Dickinson College Commentaries, 2016. ISBN: 978-1-947822-08-5. https://dcc.dickinson.edu/vergil-aeneid/vergil-aeneid-i-579-612