ὣς ἔφατ᾽, ἐν δὲ γέλως ὦρτ᾽ ἀθανάτοισι θεοῖσιν.
οὐδὲ Ποσειδάωνα γέλως ἔχε, λίσσετο δ᾽ αἰεὶ
Ἥφαιστον κλυτοεργὸν ὅπως λύσειεν Ἄρηα.345
καί μιν φωνήσας ἔπεα πτερόεντα προσηύδα·
"λῦσον· ἐγὼ δέ τοι αὐτὸν ὑπίσχομαι, ὡς σὺ κελεύεις,
τίσειν αἴσιμα πάντα μετ᾽ ἀθανάτοισι θεοῖσιν."
τὸν δ᾽ αὖτε προσέειπε περικλυτὸς ἀμφιγυήεις·
"μή με, Ποσείδαον γαιήοχε, ταῦτα κέλευε·350
δειλαί τοι δειλῶν γε καὶ ἐγγύαι ἐγγυάασθαι.
πῶς ἂν ἐγώ σε δέοιμι μετ᾽ ἀθανάτοισι θεοῖσιν,
εἴ κεν Ἄρης οἴχοιτο χρέος καὶ δεσμὸν ἀλύξας;"
τὸν δ᾽ αὖτε προσέειπε Ποσειδάων ἐνοσίχθων·
‘Ἥφαιστ᾽, εἴ περ γάρ κεν Ἄρης χρεῖος ὑπαλύξας355
οἴχηται φεύγων, αὐτός τοι ἐγὼ τάδε τίσω."
τὸν δ᾽ ἠμείβετ᾽ ἔπειτα περικλυτὸς ἀμφιγυήεις·
"οὐκ ἔστ᾽ οὐδὲ ἔοικε τεὸν ἔπος ἀρνήσασθαι."
ὣς εἰπὼν δεσμὸν ἀνίει μένος Ἡφαίστοιο.
τὼ δ᾽ ἐπεὶ ἐκ δεσμοῖο λύθεν, κρατεροῦ περ ἐόντος,360
αὐτίκ᾽ ἀναΐξαντε ὁ μὲν Θρῄκηνδε βεβήκει,
ἡ δ᾽ ἄρα Κύπρον ἵκανε φιλομμειδὴς Ἀφροδίτη,
ἐς Πάφον: ἔνθα δέ οἱ τέμενος βωμός τε θυήεις.
ἔνθα δέ μιν Χάριτες λοῦσαν καὶ χρῖσαν ἐλαίῳ
ἀμβρότῳ, οἷα θεοὺς ἐπενήνοθεν αἰὲν ἐόντας,365
ἀμφὶ δὲ εἵματα ἕσσαν ἐπήρατα, θαῦμα ἰδέσθαι.
ταῦτ᾽ ἄρ᾽ ἀοιδὸς ἄειδε περικλυτός· αὐτὰρ Ὀδυσσεὺς
τέρπετ᾽ ἐνὶ φρεσὶν ᾗσιν ἀκούων ἠδὲ καὶ ἄλλοι
Φαίηκες δολιχήρετμοι, ναυσίκλυτοι ἄνδρες.
Ἀλκίνοος δ᾽ Ἅλιον καὶ Λαοδάμαντα κέλευσεν370
μουνὰξ ὀρχήσασθαι, ἐπεί σφισιν οὔ τις ἔριζεν.
οἱ δ᾽ ἐπεὶ οὖν σφαῖραν καλὴν μετὰ χερσὶν ἕλοντο,
πορφυρέην, τήν σφιν Πόλυβος ποίησε δαΐφρων,
τὴν ἕτερος ῥίπτασκε ποτὶ νέφεα σκιόεντα
ἰδνωθεὶς ὀπίσω, ὁ δ᾽ ἀπὸ χθονὸς ὑψόσ᾽ ἀερθεὶς375
ῥηιδίως μεθέλεσκε, πάρος ποσὶν οὖδας ἱκέσθαι.
αὐτὰρ ἐπεὶ δὴ σφαίρῃ ἀν᾽ ἰθὺν πειρήσαντο,
ὠρχείσθην δὴ ἔπειτα ποτὶ χθονὶ πουλυβοτείρῃ
ταρφέ᾽ ἀμειβομένω· κοῦροι δ᾽ ἐπελήκεον ἄλλοι
ἑστεῶτες κατ᾽ ἀγῶνα, πολὺς δ᾽ ὑπὸ κόμπος ὀρώρει.380
δὴ τότ᾽ ἄρ᾽ Ἀλκίνοον προσεφώνεε δῖος Ὀδυσσεύς·
"Ἀλκίνοε κρεῖον, πάντων ἀριδείκετε λαῶν,
ἠμὲν ἀπείλησας βητάρμονας εἶναι ἀρίστους,
ἠδ᾽ ἄρ᾽ ἑτοῖμα τέτυκτο· σέβας μ᾽ ἔχει εἰσορόωντα."
notes
Demodocus finishes his song, which is followed by dancing.
Not everyone is amused by the adulterers’ plight. Poseidon asks Hephaestus to release Ares, promising that the war god will pay the appropriate penalty to the gods for his transgression. Hephaestus refuses: What if Ares skips out without paying? How would Hephaestus levy the punishment then? Poseidon replies that he will pay if Ares does not.
read full essay
This offer Hephaestus cannot refuse, and once released, the lovers skulk away, Ares to Thrace, a suitably wild and warlike spot for him to recover his dignity, Aphrodite to Paphos, her shrine, where attendants bathe her and apply soothing ambrosial oil, then dress her in fresh clothing, returning her to her pristine beauty. We sense that for these two divine miscreants, the unpleasantness of their failed assignation will fade quickly.
The light, anthropomorphic façade over the events remains, as we are encouraged to see the situation through the lens of human experience: omnipotent beings can have their feelings hurt and behave vindictively; there are apparently established procedures on Olympus for handling adultery, complete with fixed penalties; if Ares gets away clean, his irresponsible behavior will cause intractable inter-deity difficulties for Poseidon; and in a patriarchal system, only the plight of the male god need be addressed; his paramour—though a divine being with limitless powers herself—will be covered by whatever happens to him.
Why does the poet choose Poseidon to object? One answer may be that someone has to get the lovers out of the trap, and Poseidon, as one of the Big Three deities who divide up the earth, sky, and underworld, has sufficient clout to convince Hephaestus. But Homer rarely does anything that does not serve his larger purposes in the poem. Hephaestus has been standing in for Odysseus in Demodocus’ song, the clever underdog who uses trickery to overcome an apparently stronger opponent. Meanwhile, Odysseus and Poseidon have some history that may have some bearing on the situation here. As we learned in Book 1 (19–20; 68–71), Poseidon holds a grudge against Odysseus for maiming his son, Polyphemus the cyclops (details to follow, 9.371–402) (see essay on Book 9.461–566). He may not kill his adversary, because Zeus has already decreed that he must tamp his anger down (1.77–79). Nevertheless, Poseidon takes what opportunities he can to make the return journey harder for Odysseus, smashing his raft after he leaves Ogygia (5.282–312) and punishing the Phaeacians for taking him home from Scheria (13.128–83). Following the pattern of surrogate players in the song, then, his well-founded animosity toward Odysseus makes Poseidon is the obvious choice to oppose Hephaestus.
Though the song of Demodocus, an enclosed narrative with its own internal logic, seems to stand apart from the rest of the events on Scheria, the light tone of the narrative provides a vehicle for the poet’s foreshadowing of darker events to come in Ithaka. These qualities are consistent, as we have seen, with everything that happens during the hero’s visit to the Phaeacians. Starting on the beach with the charming exchange between Odysseus and Nausicaa and continuing through the stranger’s entrance into a closed society, almost all the events have a double significance. Odysseus’ careful approach to the young princess, flirtatious but not too aggressive, points forward to his delicate and crucial negotiations with Penelope, as does his interrogation by Arete. The athletic games provide a denatured version of the violence that awaits the hero in the Ithakan palace, the benign conclusion of the competitive friction between the king’s sons and the sailor standing in for the bloody slaughter of the suitors. Then the foreshadowing takes a different form, an amusing detour into the fantastic world of the Olympian gods, in which the life-and-death struggle of the returning hero is refracted through the comic lens of divine squabbling, where the dark threats of Hephaestus and social anxieties of Poseidon can have no permanent impact.
After the song, Alkinous invites two men to perform what seems to be somewhere in between a game and a dance, involving patterned steps and a large red ball. The poet is careful to note that the king chooses only those two men, because σφισιν οὔ τις ἔριζεν, “no one could compete with them” (371). The song of Demodocus has eased the tension of the sailor’s exchange with the king’s sons by shifting the focus from potentially disastrous human conflict to divine comedy. Now we have a further modulation of tone, as the contentious, testosterone-laden athletic contests are folded into a carefully controlled set of movements with competition removed. It is as if the edgy chemistry of the games has been filtered through the necessarily light-hearted atmosphere of Olympus and can now be safely returned to the human world of Scheria.
Conflict was necessary to the poet’s long term, paradigmatic goals for the episode, but now that element is subordinated to the overriding imperative to get the hero on his way to Ithaka, a project that has been on hold since the beginning of Book 8 (26–40). The Phaeacians would seem to be unlikely aggressive xenophobes, and it has taken considerable artistry by the poet to cast them in that role. As we move toward the end of Odysseus’s sojourn on Scheria, the pent-up energy behind the mystery of the stranger’s identity, which Homer has carefully tended, would seem to be coming to a boil. The poet has us just where he wants us.
Further Reading
Dimock, G. 1989. The Unity of the Odyssey, 101–103. Amherst, MA: University of Massachusetts Press.
344 ἔχε … λίσσετο: unaugmented impf.
345 ὅπως λύσειεν: “to release,” purpose clause with optative in secondary sequence.
347 λῦσον: aor. imperat.
347 αὐτὸν: “he himself,” i.e., Ares.
347 ὑπίσχομαι: “I promise that (acc.) will (fut. infin.)” (Smyth 1868).
348 αἴσιμος: “what is right,” “the appropriate penalty” (Cunliffe αἴσιμος 2).
350 κέλευε: the verb can take two accusatives: the accusative of the person being ordered, and the accusative of the thing that person is ordered to do, usually a demonstrative pronoun such as ταῦτα (Smyth 1628).
351 δειλαί: “(are) worthless,” predicate adjective after ἐγγύαι. Understand εἰσί.
351 δειλῶν: “of worthless men,” subjective genitive, substantive, modifying ἐγγύαι.
351 ἐγγυάασθαι: explanatory (epexegetical) infin., explaining δειλαί (Autenrieth, ἐγγυάομαι, glosses this entire line).
352 πῶς ἂν ἐγώ σε δέοιμι: “how could I …?” a question in the apodosis of a future less vivid conditional.
352 δέοιμι > δέω, "to bind."
353 εἴ κεν Ἄρης οἴχοιτο: protasis of a future less vivid conditional.
355 εἴ … κεν … / οἴχηται: protasis of a future more vivid conditional.
358 οὐκ ἔστ᾽ οὐδὲ ἔοικε: “it is not possible nor appropriate.” For the non-enclitic form of ἔστι (“it is possible”), see LSJ εἰμί A.IV.
359 μένος Ἡφαίστοιο: “the might of Hephaistos,” periphrasis (Smyth 3041).
360 τὼ … λύθεν: dual; λύθεν: dual aor. pass. indic. > λύω.
360 κρατεροῦ περ ἐόντος: modifying δεσμοῖο.
361 ἀναΐξαντε: dual.
361 ὁ: Ares.
361 βεβήκει: “went,” unaugmented plupf. > βαίνω. The “pluperfect of immediate occurrence” (Smyth 1953).
363 ἐς Πάφον: Paphos is a city on the island of Cyprus.
363 οἱ: dative of possession, understand ἐστί.
365 ἐπενήνοθεν: “covers,” “is laid upon” (Autenrieth ἐπενήνοθε).
366 ἀμφὶ … ἕσσαν: “clothed (acc.) in (acc.),” tmesis, 3rd pl. aor. act. indic. > ἀμφιέννυμι. The verb takes a double accusative (Smyth 1628), but here the first accusative (her, Aphrodite) is omitted.
368 ᾗσιν: “in his,” possessive adj.
371 σφισιν: dative object of ἔριζεν.
374 ποτὶ: = πρὸς
374 ἕτερος … /… ὁ δ᾽: “one … / ... the other”
375 ἰδνωθεὶς ὀπίσω: “leaning back.” According to Hesychius, the action described in lines 372–76 resembles a ball game called ούρανία (LSJ Οὐρανία IV).
375 ὑψόσ᾽ ἀερθεὶς: “leaping up,” masc. nom. sing. aor. pass. ptc. > ἀείρω.
376 μεθέλεσκε: iterative aor. > μεθαιρέω, (Smyth 1933).
376 ποσὶν: "with his feet," i.e, before his feet touch the ground.
377 ἀν᾽ ἰθὺν: “straight up” (LSJ ἰθύς B.1).
378 ὠρχείσθην: dual aor. > ὀρχέομαι.
379 ταρφέ᾽ ἀμειβομένω: “frequently exchanging.” Merry explains: “The ball was no longer only thrown up and caught, but the players began dancing, and as they danced, the ball flew from one to the other, all in time to the music.”
379: ταρφέα: “often,” neut. pl. > ταρφύς, adverbial.
380 ἑστεῶτες: masc. nom. pl. pf. act. ptc. > ἵστημι.
380 κατ᾽ ἀγῶνα: “throughout the assembly.”
380 ὑπὸ … ὀρώρει: tmesis, 3rd sing. plupf. act. indic. > ὑπόρνυμι.
383 ἀπείλησας: 2nd sing. aor. act. indic. > ἀπειλέω (LSJ ἀπειλέω B.I). Introducing indirect discourse with accusative and infinitive, with a predicate accusative following the infinitive.
384 ἑτοῖμα τέτυκτο: “made good (on your promise).”
vocabulary
γέλως –ωτος ὁ: laughter
ὄρνυμι ὄρσω ὦρσα ὄρωρα ὀρώρεμαι –––: to stir up, move; (mid.) to rise, get up
ἀθάνατος –ον: immortal, deathless; (plur.) the gods
Ποσειδῶν (or Ποσειδάων) –ῶνος ὁ: Poseidon
γέλως –ωτος ὁ: laughter
λίσσομαι ––– ἐλλισάμην/ἐλιτόμην ––– ––– –––: to pray, beg; to beseech with prayer
Ἥφαιστος –ου ὁ: Hephaestus, god of fire 345
κλυτοεργός –όν: famous for work
Ἄρης –εως ὁ: Ares
μιν: (accusative singular third person pronoun) him, her, it; himself, herself, itself
φωνέω φωνήσω ἐφώνησα πεφώνηκα πεφώνημαι ἐφωνήθην: make a sound, speak
πτερόεις πτερόεσσα πτερόεν: winged
προσαυδάω προσαυδήσω προσηύδησα προσηύδηκα προσηύδημαι προσηυδήθην: to speak to, address, accost
ὑπισχνέομαι ὑποσχήσομαι ὑπεσχόμην ὑπέσχημαι: to take upon oneself, undertake, promise
τίνω τείσω ἔτεισα/ἔτισα τέτεικα/τέτικα τέτεισμαι/τέτισμαι ἐτείσθην/ἐτίσθην: to value, treat with honor, respect; to pay, pay for, atone; (mid.) to make pay, punish, avenge oneself
αἴσιμος [–η] –ον: fatal; (neut. plur.) what is just and right
ἀθάνατος –ον: immortal, deathless; (plur.) the gods
αὖτε: in turn, moreover, still, again, on the other hand
προσεῖπον (aor. 2 of προσαγορεύω and προσφωνέω); Εp. προσέειπον: to speak to one, address, accost
περικλυτός –ή –όν: heard of all round, famous, renowned, glorious
Ἀμφιγυήεις –εντος: with both feet crooked, lame
Ποσειδῶν (or Ποσειδάων) –ῶνος ὁ: Poseidon 350
γαιήοχος –ον: that holds the earth (epithet of Poseidon)
δειλός –ή –όν: wretched, unfortunate, miserable; base, cowardly, vile
τοι: let me tell you, surely
δειλός –ή –όν: wretched, unfortunate, miserable; base, cowardly, vile
ἐγγύη –ης ἡ: a pledge put into the hand: surety, security
ἐγγυάω ἐγγυήσω ἠγγύησα ἠγγύηκα ἐγγεγύημαι/ἠγγύημαι ἠγγυήθην: to give or hand over as a pledge, security
ἀθάνατος –ον: immortal, deathless; (plur.) the gods
Ἄρης –εως ὁ: Ares
οἴχομαι οἰχήσομαι ––– ––– ––– –––: to go, come move; to be gone, to have gone
χρέος –ους τό: consultation with a seer; obligation, debt
δεσμός –οῦ ὁ (pl. δεσμά): a bond
ἀλύσκω ἀλύξω ἤλυξα ––– ––– –––: to flee from, shun, avoid, forsake
αὖτε: in turn, moreover, still, again, on the other hand
προσεῖπον (aor. 2 of προσαγορεύω and προσφωνέω); Εp. προσέειπον: to speak to one, address, accost
Ποσειδῶν (or Ποσειδάων) –ῶνος ὁ: Poseidon
ἐνοσίχθων –ονος ὁ: earth-shaker (epithet of Poseidon)
Ἥφαιστος –ου ὁ: Hephaestus, god of fire 355
Ἄρης –εως ὁ: Ares
χρέος –ους τό: consultation with a seer; obligation, debt
ὑπαλύσκω ὑπαλύξω ὑπάλυξα: to avoid, shun, flee from, escape
οἴχομαι οἰχήσομαι ––– ––– ––– –––: to go, come move; to be gone, to have gone
τίνω τείσω ἔτεισα/ἔτισα τέτεικα/τέτικα τέτεισμαι/τέτισμαι ἐτείσθην/ἐτίσθην: to value, treat with honor, respect; to pay, pay for, atone; (mid.) to make pay, punish, avenge oneself
ἀμείβω ἀμείψω ἤμειψα ἤμειφα ἤμειμμαι ἠμείφθην: to respond, answer; to exchange; (mid.) to take turns, alternate; to change, place, pass
περικλυτός –ή –όν: heard of all round, famous, renowned, glorious
Ἀμφιγυήεις –εντος: with both feet crooked, lame
τεός –ή –όν: = σός, 'your'
ἀρνέομαι ἀρνήσομαι ἠρνησάμην ἤρνημαι ἠρνήθην: to deny, disown, refuse
δεσμός –οῦ ὁ (pl. δεσμά): a bond
ἀνίημι ἀνήσω ἀνῆκα ἀνεῖκα ἀνεῖμαι ἀνείθην: to send up; let go, abate
μένος –ους τό: might
Ἥφαιστος –ου ὁ: Hephaestus, god of fire
δεσμός –οῦ ὁ (pl. δεσμά): a bond 360
κρατερός –ά –όν: strong, powerful, mighty
ἀναΐσσω/ἀνᾴσσω/ἀνᾴττω ἀνᾴξω ἀνῇξα: to start up, rise quickly
Θρῄκηνδε: to Thrace
ἄρα: now, then, next, thus
Κύπρος –ου ἡ: Cyprus
ἱκάνω ––– ––– ––– ––– –––: to come to, arrive at, reach
φιλομμειδής –ές: laughter-loving
Ἀφροδίτη –ης ἡ: Aphrodite
Πάφος –ου ἡ: Paphos, a city in Cyprus
οὗ, οἷ, ἕ and encl. οὑ, οἱ, ἑ: him, her, it; himself, herself, itself
τέμενος –ους τό: sacred precinct
βωμός –οῦ ὁ: alter pedestal
θυήεις –εσσα –ες: smoking
μιν: (accusative singular third person pronoun) him, her, it; himself, herself, itself
Χάρις –ιτος ἡ: Charis, Grace
λούω λούσομαι ἔλουσα λέλουμαι: to wash; (mid.) to wash myself, bathe
χρίω χρίσω ἔχρισα κέχρικα κέχριμαι ἐχρίσθην: to rub, anoint
ἔλαιον –ου τό: olive-oil
ἄμβροτος –ον: immortal, divine 365
οἷος –α –ον: (such a kind) as; for οἷός τε see οἷος III.2
ἐνήνοθα (defective perf. w. pres. signif.): swell there, steam there, rise there
εἷμα –ατος τό: clothing
ἕννυμι ἕσσω ἕσσα: clothe, put on clothing
ἐπήρατος –ον: lovely, charming
θαῦμα –ατος τό: wonder
ἄρα: now, then, next, thus
ἀοιδός –οῦ ὁ: a singer, minstrel, bard
ᾄσομαι ᾖσα ᾖσμαι ᾔσθην: sing
περικλυτός –ή –όν: heard of all round, famous, renowned, glorious
ἀτάρ (or αὐτάρ): but, yet, consequently
Ὀδυσσεύς –έως ὁ: Odysseus, king of Ithaca, hero of the Odyssey
τέρπω τέρψω ἔτερψα ––– ––– ἐτάρφθην/ἐτέρφθην: to delight; (mid./pass.) to have one's full of
φρήν φρενός ἡ: diaphragm; heart, mind, wits
ἑός ἑή ἑόν: his, her, own
ἠδέ: and
Φαίαξ –ακος ὁ: a Phaeacian
δολιχήρετμος –ον: long-oared
ναυσικλυτός –όν: famed for ships, famous by sea
Ἀλκίνοος –ου ὁν: Alcinous, king of the Phaeacians in Scheria, a grandson of Poseidon 370
Ἅλιος –ου ὁ: Halius, a Lycian, or, a son of Alcinous
λαοδάμας –αντος: man-taming
μουνάξ: singly, in single combat
ὀρχέομαι ὀρχήσομαι ὠρχησαμην ––– ––– –––: to dance in a row
σφεῖς: they
ἐρίζω ἐρίσω ἤρισα ἤρικα ἐρήρισμαι: to strive, wrangle, quarrel
σφαῖρα –ας ἡ: a ball, playing-ball
πορφύρεος –η –ον: agitated; dyed purple
σφεῖς: they
Πόλυβος –ου ὁ: Polybus, a son of Antēnor; an Egyptian; an Ithacan, the father of Eurymachus; a suitor of Penelope; or, a Phaeacian
δαίφρων –ον: fiery-hearted, warlike
ῥίπτω ῥίζψω ἔρριψα ἔρριμμαι ἐρρίφθην: to throw, cast, hurl
νέφος –ους τό: a cloud
σκιόεις –εσσα –εν: shady, shadowy
ἰδνόομαι ἰδνώσομαι ἰδνώθην: to bend oneself, double oneself up, shrink up 375
ὀπίσω or ὀπίσσω: backwards, behind; in the future
χθών χθονός ἡ: the earth, ground
ὑψόσε: aloft, on high, up high
ἀείρω ἀρῶ ἤειρα ––– ἤερμαι ἠέρθην: to lift, heave, raise up
μεθαιρέω μεθαιρήσω μεθεῖλον μεθῄρηκα: to catch in turn
πάρος: before, formerly
οὖδας –ους τό: the surface of the earth, the ground, earth
ἱκνέομαι ἵξομαι ἱκόμην ––– ἷγμαι –––: to come, reach
ἀτάρ (or αὐτάρ): but, yet, consequently
σφαῖρα –ας ἡ: a ball, playing-ball
ἰθύς ἰθεῖα ἰθύ: straight, direct
ὀρχέομαι ὀρχήσομαι ὠρχησαμην ––– ––– –––: to dance in a row
χθών χθονός ἡ: the earth, ground
πολυβότειρα –ας ἡ: much- or all-nourishing
ταρφύς –εῖα –ύ: thick, close
ἀμείβω ἀμείψω ἤμειψα ἤμειφα ἤμειμμαι ἠμείφθην: to respond, answer; to exchange; (mid.) to take turns, alternate; to change, place, pass
κόρος –ου ὁ: one's fill, satiety, surfeit
ἐπιληκέω – – – – –: to beat time to
κόμπος –ου ὁ: a noise, din, clash 380
ὄρνυμι ὄρσω ὦρσα ὄρωρα ὀρώρεμαι –––: to stir up, move; (mid.) to rise, get up
ἄρα: now, then, next, thus
Ἀλκίνοος –ου ὁ: Alcinous, king of the Phaeacians in Scheria, a grandson of Poseidon
προσφωνέω προσφωνήσω προσεφώνησα ––– ––– –––: to call
δῖος –α –ον: divine, godlike, shining
Ὀδυσσεύς –έως ὁ: Odysseus, king of Ithaca, hero of the Odyssey
Ἀλκίνοος –ου ὁ: Alcinous, king of the Phaeacians in Scheria, a grandson of Poseidon
κρείων fem. -ουσα: commanding, kingly; (as subst.) ruler
ἀριδείκετος –ον: conspicuous, renowned; notable, illustrious, famous
ἠμέν: both.. (and), as well.. (as)
ἀπειλέω ἀπειλήσω ἀπείλησα ––– ἀπείλημαι ἀπειλήθην: to promise
βητάρμων –ονος ὁ: a dancer
ἠδέ: and
ἄρα: now, then, next, thus
ἑτοῖμος –η –ον: at hand, ready, prepared
τεύχω τεύξω ἔτευξα τέτευχα τέτυγμαι ἐτύχθην: to make, build, prepare, fasten; to bring about; (pass.) to be brought about, to be
σέβας τό: reverential awe, a feeling of awe
εἰσοράω εἰσόψομαι εἰσεῖδον εἰσεόρακα/εἰσεώρακα/εἰσόπωπα εἰσεόραμαι/εἰσεώραμαι/εἰσῶμμαι εἰσώφθην: to look into, look upon, view, behold