ξεῖνε, σὺ δ᾽ ὦκ᾽ ἐμέθεν ξυνίει ἔπος, ὄφρα τάχιστα

πομπῆς καὶ νόστοιο τύχῃς παρὰ πατρὸς ἐμοῖο.290

δήεις ἀγλαὸν ἄλσος Ἀθήνης ἄγχι κελεύθου

αἰγείρων· ἐν δὲ κρήνη νάει, ἀμφὶ δὲ λειμών·

ἔνθα δὲ πατρὸς ἐμοῦ τέμενος τεθαλυῖά τ᾽ ἀλωή,

τόσσον ἀπὸ πτόλιος, ὅσσον τε γέγωνε βοήσας.

ἔνθα καθεζόμενος μεῖναι χρόνον, εἰς ὅ κεν ἡμεῖς295

ἄστυδε ἔλθωμεν καὶ ἱκώμεθα δώματα πατρός.

αὐτὰρ ἐπὴν ἡμέας ἔλπῃ ποτὶ δώματ᾽ ἀφῖχθαι,

καὶ τότε Φαιήκων ἴμεν ἐς πόλιν ἠδ᾽ ἐρέεσθαι

δώματα πατρὸς ἐμοῦ μεγαλήτορος Ἀλκινόοιο.

ῥεῖα δ᾽ ἀρίγνωτ᾽ ἐστί, καὶ ἂν πάϊς ἡγήσαιτο300

νήπιος· οὐ μὲν γάρ τι ἐοικότα τοῖσι τέτυκται

δώματα Φαιήκων, οἷος δόμος Ἀλκινόοιο

ἥρωος. ἀλλ᾽ ὁπότ᾽ ἄν σε δόμοι κεκύθωσι καὶ αὐλή,

ὦκα μάλα μεγάροιο διελθέμεν, ὄφρ᾽ ἂν ἵκηαι

μητέρ᾽ ἐμήν· ἡ δ᾽ ἧσται ἐπ᾽ ἐσχάρῃ ἐν πυρὸς αὐγῇ,305

ἠλάκατα στρωφῶσ᾽ ἁλιπόρφυρα, θαῦμα ἰδέσθαι,

κίονι κεκλιμένη· δμῳαὶ δέ οἱ εἵατ᾽ ὄπισθεν.

ἔνθα δὲ πατρὸς ἐμοῖο θρόνος ποτικέκλιται αὐτῇ,

τῷ ὅ γε οἰνοποτάζει ἐφήμενος ἀθάνατος ὥς.

τὸν παραμειψάμενος μητρὸς περὶ γούνασι χεῖρας310

βάλλειν ἡμετέρης, ἵνα νόστιμον ἦμαρ ἴδηαι

χαίρων καρπαλίμως, εἰ καὶ μάλα τηλόθεν ἐσσί.

εἴ κέν τοι κείνη γε φίλα φρονέῃσ᾽ ἐνὶ θυμῷ,

ἐλπωρή τοι ἔπειτα φίλους τ᾽ ἰδέειν καὶ ἱκέσθαι

οἶκον ἐυκτίμενον καὶ σὴν ἐς πατρίδα γαῖαν."315

ὣς ἄρα φωνήσασ᾽ ἵμασεν μάστιγι φαεινῇ

ἡμιόνους· αἱ δ᾽ ὦκα λίπον ποταμοῖο ῥέεθρα.

αἱ δ᾽ ἐὺ μὲν τρώχων, ἐὺ δὲ πλίσσοντο πόδεσσιν·

ἡ δὲ μάλ᾽ ἡνιόχευεν, ὅπως ἅμ᾽ ἑποίατο πεζοὶ

ἀμφίπολοί τ᾽ Ὀδυσεύς τε, νόῳ δ᾽ ἐπέβαλλεν ἱμάσθλην.320

δύσετό τ᾽ ἠέλιος καὶ τοὶ κλυτὸν ἄλσος ἵκοντο

ἱρὸν Ἀθηναίης, ἵν᾽ ἄρ᾽ ἕζετο δῖος Ὀδυσσεύς.

αὐτίκ᾽ ἔπειτ᾽ ἠρᾶτο Διὸς κούρῃ μεγάλοιο·

"κλῦθί μευ, αἰγιόχοιο Διὸς τέκος, Ἀτρυτώνη·

νῦν δή πέρ μευ ἄκουσον, ἐπεὶ πάρος οὔ ποτ᾽ ἄκουσας325

ῥαιομένου, ὅτε μ᾽ ἔρραιε κλυτὸς ἐννοσίγαιος.

δός μ᾽ ἐς Φαίηκας φίλον ἐλθεῖν ἠδ᾽ ἐλεεινόν."

ὣς ἔφατ᾽ εὐχόμενος, τοῦ δ᾽ ἔκλυε Παλλὰς Ἀθήνη.

αὐτῷ δ᾽ οὔ πω φαίνετ᾽ ἐναντίη· αἴδετο γάρ ῥα

πατροκασίγνητον· ὁ δ᾽ ἐπιζαφελῶς μενέαινεν330

ἀντιθέῳ Ὀδυσῆι πάρος ἣν γαῖαν ἱκέσθαι.

    Nausicaa finishes giving her instructions to Odysseus, telling him where to find the palace and instructing him to approach her mother the queen first when he enters. Odysseus prays to Athena.

    Before driving off in her wagon, Nausicaa gives the stranger one more set of instructions: to avoid the wagging tongues of locals, he should walk with the servants behind the wagon until they come within shouting distance of the city, then wait in a grove sacred to Athena until the entourage has reached the city and approach the city alone.

    read full essay

    The poet conjures an amusing tableau for us here, of the brawny warrior trudging along behind the wagon while the princess leads the way, flicking her whip over the mules. This will be the last time we will see Nausicaa exerting her regal authority, putting herself firmly in the driver’s seat to counter the vulnerability brought on by her feelings for the stranger.

    Nausicaa predicts that Odysseus, once inside the palace, will find the same kind of tranquil domestic scene she left when heading out for the picnic: the queen by the hearth, surrounded by her servants, the king sitting on his throne, drinking like a god. Her next piece of advice has prompted much discussion from scholars: Odysseus should bypass Alkinous and go directly to Arete to plead for help. If the world of the Odyssey is basically patriarchal, why would a suppliant approach the queen? Addressing all the issues, anthropological, literary, and textual, raised by this question is beyond the scope of our essay; we can at least consider, though, whether Nausicaa’s advice makes any sense in the context of our understanding of the poem. From the storyteller’s point of view, arranging an encounter with a prominent woman for the stranger fits with the ongoing focus on power and gender in the poem. Arete is yet another in the series of female figures with whom the hero must negotiate his return to Ithaka. Her meeting with the stranger prefigures that of Penelope with the beggar. Here the role of potential marriage partner is absent, having been displaced onto Nausicaa, but in both cases the hero’s first challenge is to win over the queen.

    But if Arete presents a dignified figure, Alkinous at first might seem a slender reed for Odysseus to lean on. Though we get no hint of disrespect for her father from Nausicaa, from our perspective he gets off to a shaky start as a host. Once Odysseus has approached Arete, the king must be prompted by one of his subjects (7.153–66) to acknowledge the suppliant as a good host should do. Then after Odysseus gives a brief account of what brought him to Scheria, Alkinous seems to overcompensate by enthusiastically offering the stranger Nausicaa in marriage on the spot (7.311–16). As the episode progresses, Alkinous settles into his regal position and discharges his duties appropriately. Perhaps his unsteady beginning is meant to present a negative paradigm for Odysseus, demonstrating the necessity for exerting masculine authority, another way in which the scenes in the Phaeacian palace prefigure Odysseus’s return to his own home.

    Nausicaa drives off and effectively disappears from the story, apart from an uneventful description of her arrival at the place (7.1–13) and a later cameo appearance, just before Odysseus begins the narrative of his adventures (8.461–62). Her character is one of Homer’s small masterpieces, a young princess unwavering in her command of a potentially dangerous encounter while struggling with new and bewildering emotions. To get Odysseus from the seashore to the city did not require the poet to create the kind of subtle and insightful portrait we find in the young princess. As she herself says, “a mere child” (πάϊς … νήπιος, 300) could lead him to the palace. Her importance, as we have seen, is twofold: 1) A naïve and innocent contrast to the powerful Calypso, she nonetheless represents a genuine threat to the hero’s homecoming who, like the nymph, must be handled with supreme tact; 2) Her situation and response to it prefigure in various ways that of Penelope at the end of the poem.

    Conclusion

    In Book 6, we see, for the first time in the poem, Odysseus entering a new and unfamiliar society as an anonymous stranger. His enforced exile on Calypso’s island only ends because Athena convinces Zeus to send Hermes to effect the hero’s release. The nymph’s powers establish the nature of the threat the hero faces from controlling female forces and the paradigm will reappear in various forms throughout the story, right up through the final reunion with Penelope in Book 23. Once on Scheria, Odysseus must use all his skills to win over the locals so that they will help him to reach home again. He will delay revealing his heroic identity until he feels sufficiently confident that his campaign has succeeded. In the interim, Homer begins to explore the interplay of celebrity and namelessness that will grow in richness as the poem proceeds, providing us with a view detached from the imperatives of Athena’s heroic return story. Odysseus finally reveals his identity to the Phaeacians at the beginning of Book 9, and then launches a rendition of his adventures before reaching Calypso’s island, in the course of which the journey from unknown stranger to glorious hero will play out twice more before he reaches Ithaka, in the cave of the Cyclops and on the island of Circe. Once he is home, the pattern will recur twice more, on the farm with Eumaeus and finally in the royal palace. Each repetition adds layers of meaning to the original paradigm, enriching the poet’s meditation on the riddles of human identity and its role in the creation of meaning in human life.

     

    289  ἐμέθεν: “my,” fem. gen. sing. 1st pers. pron.

    289  ξυνίει: “listen to,” 2nd sing. pres. act. imperat. > συνίημι.

    289  ὄφρα … /… τύχῃς: purpose clause. 

    289  τύχῃς: 3rd sing. aor. act. indic. > τυγχάνω + gen.

    292  αἰγείρων: “(a grove) of black poplars,” in apposition to Ἀθήνης.

    292  ἐν δὲ …, ἀμφὶ δὲ …: “in it …, and around it …” Understand ἐστί with the second noun.

    293  τεθαλυῖά: “blooming,” “flourishing,” fem. nom. sing. pf. act. ptc. > θάλλω.

    294  τόσσον ἀπὸ πτόλιος, ὅσσον τε γέγωνε βοήσας: “as far from the city as (someone) is heard shouting,” i.e., within shouting distance of the city. Understand τις as the subject of γέγωνε.

    295  μεῖναι: 2nd aor. mid. imperat. >μένω.

    295  χρόνον: “for a while” (LSJ χρόνον 3a).

    295  εἰς ὅ κεν ἡμεῖς / … ἔλθωμεν: “until we come …,” with aor. subj. (Smyth 2383). The subject, ἡμεῖς, refers to Nausicaa and her attendants.

    297  ἐπὴν … ἔλπῃ: “whenever you expect …,” general temporal clause, ἐπὴν (ἐπεί + ἄν) + subj. The verb introduces indirect discourse with accusative (ἡμέας) and infinitive (ἀφῖχθαι).

    297  ἀφῖχθαι: pf. infin. mid./pass. > ἀφικνέομαι.

    298  ἴμεν: infin. > εἶμι, used as an imperative.

    298  ἐρέεσθαι: “inquire about,” infin. > ἔρομαι, used as an imperative.

    300  ἂν … ἡγήσαιτο: “could show the way,” potential optative.

    301  οὐ … τι: “not at all.”

    301  ἐοικότα τοῖσι: “resembling this (house).”

    301  τέτυκται: 3rd sing. pf. pass. indic. > τεύχω. Singular verb with neuter plural subject (δώματα).

    302  οἷος δόμος: “such is the house,” understand ἐστί.

    303  ὁπότ᾽ ἄν … κεκύθωσι: “whenever …,” general temporal clause with subjunctive.

    303  κεκύθωσι: 3rd pl. reduplicated aor. act. subj. > κεύθω.

    304  διελθέμεν: “go through,”  infin., used as an imperative, with genitive.

    304  ὄφρ᾽ ἂν ἵκηαι: "until you come" (LSJ ὄφρα II.2). 

    304: ἵκηαι: 2nd sing. aor. mid. subj. > ἱκνέομαι.

    306  ἰδέσθαι: explanatory, or epexegetical, infin.

    307  εἵατ(ο): “were sitting,” 3rd pl. impf. mid./pass. indic. > ἧμαι.

    308  ποτικέκλιται αὐτῇ: “stands near the same pillar,” echoing κίονι κεκλιμένη in the previous line. ποτι- = προσ-.

    309  τῷ … ἐφήμενος: “seated there,” “seated on this (throne).”

    309  ἐφήμενος: masc. nom. sing. pres. mid./pass. ptc. > ἐφήμαι.

    310  τὸν παραμειψάμενος: “passing him by,” masc. nom. sing. aor. mid. ptc. > παραμείβω.

    311  ἵνα … ἴδηαι: purpose clause.

    311  ἴδηαι: 3rd sing. aor. mid./pass. subj. > εἶδον.

    312  εἰ καὶ: “even if …”

    313  εἴ κέν … φρονέῃσ(ι): protasis of a future more vivid conditional.

    313  φίλα φρονέῃσ(ι): “is kindly minded toward,” “is disposed to be friendly to,” with dative.

    314  ἐλπωρή: understand ἔσται (“there will be”).

    317  αἱ: ie., the mules.

    318  τρώχων: unaugmented 3rd pl. impf. act. indic. > τρωχάω.

    319  : i.e., Nausicaa.

    319  ὅπως … ἑποίατο: purpose clause with optative in secondary sequence.

    319  ἑποίατο: 3rd pl. pres. mid. opt. > ἕπομαι.

    320  νόῳ: “sensibly.”

    320  ἐπέβαλλεν ἱμάσθλην: "applied the whip."

    322  ἵν(α): “where.”

    323  ἠρᾶτο: 3rd sing. aor. mid./pass. indic. > ἀράομαι. The subject is Odysseus.

    325  ἄκουσον μευ: “listen to me,” “hear me.” ἀκούω + gen.

    325  ἄκουσας: 2nd sing. aor. act. indic.

    326  ῥαιομένου: “when I was shipwrecked.” Understand as agreeing with μευ (μου).

    326  ἔρραιε: 3rd sing. impf. act. indic. > ῥαίω.

    327  δός: “grant that …,” 2nd aor. imperat., introducing an accusative (μ[ε]) and infinitive (ἐλθεῖν) construction.

    327  φίλον … ἠδ᾽ ἐλεεινόν: “as…,” in apposition to μ(ε).

    329  ἐναντίη: “face to face.”

    330  πατροκασίγνητον: i.e., Poseidon, Zeus’s brother.

    330  μενέαινεν: “was raging against,” unaugmented 3rd sing. impf. act. indic. (with ν-moveable) > μενεαίνω, with dative.

    331  πάρος ἣν γαῖαν ἱκέσθαι: “before he reached his land.” πάρος + infin., “before …,” like πρίν + infin. (Smyth 2461).

    ὦκα: quickly, swiftly, fast

    συνίημι συνήσω συνῆκα συνεῖκα συνεῖμαι συνείθην: listen to, understand

    ὄφρα: while; until; so that; ὄφρα … τόφρα, while … for so long

    πομπή –ῆς ἡ: escort, guidance; arrangement for one's departure 290

    νόστος –ου ὁ: return (home)

    δήω – – – – –: to find, meet with (present with future sense)

    ἀγλαός –ή –όν: splendid, shining, bright

    ἄλσος –ους τό: a glade

    Ἀθήνη –ης ἡ: Athena

    ἄγχι: near

    κέλευθος –ου ἡ: path, with neuter plural κέλευθα

    αἴγειρος –ου ἡ: black poplar tree (populus nigra)

    κρήνη –ης ἡ: a well, spring, fountain

    νάω or ναίω: to flow; to overflow with (+ dat.)

    λειμών –ῶνος ὁ: grassland, meadow, field

    τέμενος –ους τό: sacred precinct

    θάλλω θαλλήσω ἔθηλα τέθηλα ––– –––: to bloom, abound, to be luxuriant

    ἀλωή –ῆς ἡ: a threshing-floor; orchard, garden

    τόσος –η –ον: so great, so vast

    γέγωνα (perf. of γεγωνέω): to shout, cry out

    βοάω βοήσομαι ἐβόησα βεβόηκα βεβόημαι ἐβοήθην: to shout, roar

    καθέζομαι καθεδοῦμαι/καθεδήσομαι κάθημαι ἐκαθέσθην: to sit down, take one's seat 295

    ἄστυδε: into, to, or towards the city

    ἱκνέομαι ἵξομαι ἱκόμην ––– ἷγμαι –––: to come, reach

    δῶμα –ατος τό: house (often in plural)

    ἀτάρ (or αὐτάρ): but, yet, consequently

    ἐπήν = ἐπεὶ ἄν: when, after

    ἔλπω – – – – –: to hope

    Φαίαξ –ακος ὁ: a Phaeacian

    ἠδέ: and

    μεγαλήτωρ –ορος: great-hearted, proud

    Ἀλκίνοος –ου ὁ: Alcinous, king of the Phaeacians in Scheria, a grandson of Poseidon

    ῥεῖα: easily, lightly 300

    ἀρίγνωτος [–η] –ον: easily recognizable

    νήπιος –α –ον: infant, child; silly, ignorant, without foresight

    τεύχω τεύξω ἔτευξα τέτευχα τέτυγμαι ἐτύχθην: to make, build, prepare, fasten; to bring about; (pass.) to be brought about, to be

    δῶμα –ατος τό: house (often in plural)

    οἷος –α –ον: (such a kind) as; for οἷός τε see οἷος III.2

    δόμος –ου ὁ: house, home

    Ἀλκίνοος –ου ὁ: Alcinous, king of the Phaeacians in Scheria, a grandson of Poseidon

    ἥρως ἥρωος ὁ: hero, warrior

    ὁπότε: when

    κεύθω/κευθάνω κεύσω ἔκευσα κέκευθα ––– –––: to cover, hide, hold, contain

    αὐλή –ῆς ἡ: courtyard; enclosure for livestock; court, residence

    ὦκα: quickly, swiftly, fast

    μέγαρον –ου τό: a large room, hall, feast-hall

    διέρχομαι διελεύσομαι διῆλθον διελήλυθα ––– –––: to go through, pass through

    ὄφρα: while; until; so that; ὄφρα … τόφρα, while … for so long

    ἱκνέομαι ἵξομαι ἱκόμην ––– ἷγμαι –––: to come, reach

    ἧμαι (or κάθημαι) ––– ––– ––– ––– –––: sit 305

    ἐσχάρα –ας ἡ: the hearth, fire-place

    αὐγή –ῆς ἡ: the light of the sun, sunlight

    ἠλάκατα –ων τά: wool

    στρωφάω – – – – –: to turn constantly

    ἁλιπόρφυρος –ον: of sea-purple, of true purple dye

    θαῦμα –ατος τό: a wonder

    κίων –ονος ἡ: a pillar

    κλίνω κλινῶ ἔκλινα κέκλικα κέκλιμαι ἐκλίνην/ἐκλίθην: to (cause to) lean; to put (a foe) to flight

    δμῳή –ής ἡ: an enslaved person, especially one taken in war

    οὗ, οἷ, ἕ and encl. οὑ, οἱ, ἑ: him, her, it; himself, herself, itself

    ἧμαι (or κάθημαι) ––– ––– ––– ––– –––: sit

    ὄπι(σ)θε(ν): from behind, behind, afterward, hereafter; adv. or prep. +gen.

    θρόνος –ου ὁ: throne, arm-chair

    προσκλίνω προσκλινῶ προσέκλινα προσκέκλικα προσκέκλιμαι προσεκλίθην/προσεκλίνην: to make to lean against, put against

    οἰνοποτάζω – – – – –: to drink wine

    ἔφημαι (perf. pass. used as a pres.): to be seated

    ἀθάνατος –ον: immortal, deathless; (plur.) the gods

    παραμείβω παραμείψω παρήμειψα παρήμειφα παρήμειμμαι παρημείφθην: to leave on one side, pass by 310

    γόνυ γόνατος (or γουνός) τό: knee

    νόστιμος –ον: of return

    ἦμαρ –ατος τό: day

    καρπάλιμος –ον: swift

    τηλόθεν: from afar, from a foreign land

    ἐλπωρή –ῆς ἡ: hope, expectation (ἐλπίς)

    ἱκνέομαι ἵξομαι ἱκόμην ––– ἷγμαι –––: to come, reach

    ἐϋκτίμενος –η –ον: well-built, lovely to inhabit 315

    γαίη –ης ἡ: land, region, district

    ἄρα: now, then, next, thus

    φωνέω φωνήσω ἐφώνησα πεφώνηκα πεφώνημαι ἐφωνήθην: make a sound, speak

    ἱμάσσω ἱμάσω ἵμασα: to flog

    μάστιξ –ιγος ἡ: a whip, scourge

    φαεινός –ή –όν: bright, brilliant, radiant

    ἠμίονος –ου ὁ: mule

    ὦκα: quickly, swiftly, fast

    ῥεῖθρον (or ῥέεθρον) –ου τό: river, stream

    τρωχάω/τρέχω θρέξομαι/δραμοῦμαι ἔδραμον δεδράμηκα: to run fast, gallop

    πλίσσομαι πλίξομαι ἐπλιξάμην πέπλιγμαι: to move quickly, gallop

    ἡνιοχεύω ἡνιοχεύσω ἡνιόχησα: to drive (a wagon or chariot)

    πεζός –ή –όν: on foot

    ἀμφίπολος –ου ἡ: female attendant, handmaid

    νόος νόου ὁ: mind, perception 320

    ἐπιβάλλω ἐπιβαλῶ ἐπέβαλον ἐπιβέβληκα ἐπιβέβλημαι ἐπεβλήθην: to throw on; apply

    ἱμάσθλη –ης ἡ: whip

    δὐω δύσω έδυσα/ἔδυν δέδυκα δέδυμαι εδύθην: plunge in, go into, sink

    κλuτός –ή –όν: illustrious, glorious

    ἄλσος –ους τό: a glade

    ἱκνέομαι ἵξομαι ἱκόμην ––– ἷγμαι –––: to come, reach

    ἄρα: now, then, next, thus

    ἕζομαι – – – – –: to sit down

    δῖος –α –ον: divine, godlike, shining

    ἀράομαι ἀράσομαι (Ion. ἀρήσομαι) ἠρησάμην ἤρᾱμαι: to pray to

    Ζεύς Διός ὁ: Zeus

    κόρη (or κούρη) –ης ἡ: girl, maiden; daughter

    κλύω ––– κέκλυκα ––– ––– –––: to hear, listen to; to have a reputation, be judged or considered

    αἰγίοχος –ον: aegis-holding

    τέκος –ους τό: child

    Ἀτρυτώνη –ης ἡ: an epithet of Athena

    πάρος: before, formerly 325

    ῥαίω ῥαίσω ἔρραισα ––– ––– –––: to break, shiver, shatter, wreck

    κλuτός –ή –όν: illustrious, glorious

    ἐννοσίγαιος –ου ὁ: earth-shaker (epithet of Poseidon)

    Φαίαξ –ακος ὁ: a Phaeacian

    ἠδέ: and

    ἐλεεινός –ή –όν: finding pity, pitied

    εὔχομαι εὔξομαι ηὐξάμην ηὖγμαι: to pray; to make a vow, promise; to declare, affirm; to glory in, boast of (for good reason)

    κλύω ––– κέκλυκα ––– ––– –––: to hear, listen to; to have a reputation, be judged or considered

    Παλλάς –άδος ἡ: Pallas

    Ἀθήνη –ης ἡ: Athena

    πω: [+neg.] (adv.) never yet, in no way, not at all

    αἰδέομαι αἰδέσομαι ᾐδεσάμην –––– ᾔδεσμαι ᾐδέσθην: to respect, revere, honor

    ἄρα: now, then, next, thus

    πατροκασίγνητος –ου ὁ: a father's brother 330

    ἐπιζάφελος –ον: vehement, violent

    μενεαίνω – – – – – : to be eager, desire; to be enraged at (dat.)

    ἀντίθεος –η –ον: equal to a god, godlike

    Ὀδυσσεύς –έως ὁ: Odysseus, king of Ithaca, hero of the Odyssey

    πάρος: before, formerly

    ἑός ἑή ἑόν: his, her, own

    γαίη –ης ἡ: land, region, district

    ἱκνέομαι ἵξομαι ἱκόμην ––– ἷγμαι –––: to come, reach

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    Suggested Citation

    Thomas Van Nortwick and Rob Hardy, Homer: Odyssey 5–12. Carlisle, Pennsylvania: Dickinson College Commentaries, 2024. ISBN: 978-1-947822-17-7 https://dcc.dickinson.edu/homer-odyssey/vi-289-331