38.3 The pattern to form the SECOND AORIST ACTIVE participle is:

  • verb stem + ντ + 3-1-3 adjective endings

If the SECOND AORIST is THEMATIC, sound changes yield endings identical with the nominative singular of thematic present active participles:

  • Masculine: (-οντς→-ονς→) –ων
  • Feminine: (-οντσα→-ονσα→) –ουσα
  • Neuter: (-οντ→) –ον

There are two differences between the ACTIVE THEMATIC participles of the PRESENT and the SECOND AORIST:

  • Stem
    • The PRESENT uses the PRESENT TENSE stem
    • The SECOND AORIST uses the VERB stem
  • Accent
    • The PRESENT accents the LAST VOWEL SOUND of the TENSE STEM
    • The SECOND AORIST accents the THEMATIC VOWEL sound

In other words, to form the second aorist active thematic participle, add –ών –οῦσα –όν to the verb stem.

38.4

(S 305a, cf. G 252)

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