38.5 Athematic (-μι) second aorist verbs have no thematic vowel before the ντ marker. The result is the following pattern:
- verb stem + ντ + 3-1-3 adjective endings
As with present active athematic participles, predictable sound changes yield the following endings for the nominative singular of athematic present active participles:
- Masculine: (-ντς→-νς→) –ς
- Feminine: (-ντσα→-νσα→) –σα
- Neuter: (-ντ→) –ν
In other words, for athematic verbs, simply add ς, σα, ν as an ending to the verb stem. Note that for δίδωμι, τίθημι, ἵστημι, and ἵημι, the AORIST ACTIVE participle is identical with the PRESENT ACTIVE participle except for the REDUPLICATION in the present:
- διδούς/δούς
- τιθείς/θείς
- ἱστάς/στάς
- ἱείς/εἵς
Recall that ἵστημι has two aorists; the FIRST AORIST is TRANSITIVE, and the SECOND AORIST is INTRANSITIVE.
Both aorists have their own participial forms:
(S 306)
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