Īnfernē viridī dēnsantur rōbora fronde: 

Silvānō et Satyrīs efficit umbrā domōs.

Populus hīc, corylīque decus, fāgusque pirusque,            15 

Et cerasus, prūnus, castaneaeque nucēs, 

Et plantae innumerae mortālibus ēsca beātīs 

Quae sunt dīvōrum mūnera caelicolum.

Flāva Cerēs dextrā mortālēs vertere terram, 

Et serere, et messēs condere, sponte docet.                       20

Pan laevā, Arctoum mundus quā surgit ad axem, 

Pascere dat passim grāmina laeta gregī.

Citrea māla rubent, vallis quā tendit ad īmum, 

Quālia fert rutilāns hortulus Hesperidum: 

Et laurī frondēs, victōrum praemia quondam,                  25

Quaeque poētārum texere serta solent: 

Et myrtus Venerī sacrā crispātur in umbrā: 

Cūncta placent frūctū, flōribus ac redolent. 

    There are dense forests with many types of trees, fruits, and nuts. There are tilled agricultural lands to the south, and pasture lands to the north. There are citrus trees, laurel, and myrtle.

    13  Īnfernē: adverbial, "down below."

    13  viridī fronde: ablative of means with dēnsantur. Using a singular for a plural is common in poetry, “with a green bough.” 

    14  efficit: umbra is the subject of efficit, “its shade provides homes for” + the datives Silvānō et Satyrīs.

    15  Pōpulus: "poplar" starts a list of trees. Supply est. 

    15  corylīque decus: "and the lovely hazel tree," lit. "the loveliness of the hazel" (a common poeticism, see OLD decus 5.a).

    17  ēsca: in apposition with plantae, “food.”

    19  Flāva: the goddess of grain, Ceres, is normally described by the poets as "pale yellow" or "golden" because of the color of ripe wheat.

    19  dextrā: adverbial, "on the right." Answered by laevā, “on the left” in line 21.

    19  vertere ... serere ... condere: are all infinitives governed by docetI.e. Ceres teaches the mortals to do all these things.  

    20  messēs condere: “to harvest (the crops),” but the verb condere can also carry the sense of, “to put away the things that have been harvested.” So it could be taken as, “to harvest the crops and put up the harvests.” 

    20  sponte: “of her own volition.” 

    21  Arctoum mundus quā surgit ad axem: "where (quā) the sky (LS mundus II.B.2.b) rises toward its northern axis," i.e. in the north. 

    22  Pascere: an infinitive used with the force of a purpose clause, "to feed on."

    22  dat: Pan (from line 21) is the subject. 

    22  passim: adverbial, “far and wide.” I.e. the grasses are spread far and wide. 

    22  gregī: "for the herd."

    23  Citrea māla: citrons.” They cannot endure frost, so they are a common crop in warmer climates, like this region of Portugal. Pliny the Elder mentions them (Natural History 13.31, 15.47) as does Martial (Epigrams 13.37). 

    23  rubent: "ripen," rather than “redden.”

    23  quā: "where," “in the place where.” 

    24  qualia: "of the sort," hyperbolically comparing the citrons at Syntra to the fabled Apples of the Hesperides, fetched by Hercules on the eleventh of his canonical labors. 

    24  rutilāns: "glowing with a red or golden color," a poetic synonym for rubēns. It modifies hortulus but may be a transferred epithet, properly applying to the fruit itself.

    25  praemia: in apposition with lauri frondes, “rewards,” “prizes.”  

    26  poētārum ... serta: "poet's wreathes." In antiquity winners of poetry competitions received laurel wreaths as a prize. Famous poets such as Dante were often depicted wearing a laurel wreath.

    26  texere: active even though one would expect a passive. The lauri frondes are weaving the serta.

    27  Venerī sacra: in apposition with myrtus“the myrtle, sacred to Venus.”  

    27  crispātur: "curls" (OLD crispo 1), or perhaps "quivers" (OLD 3.b). See Claudian, The Rape of Persephone 2.110,  denso crispata cacumine buxus

    28  fructū: ablative of respect. As is floribus in the next clause. Cūncta placent frūctū, flōribus ac redolent: “all things are pleasing with respect to their fruit, and are fragrant with respect to their flowers.” 

    īnfernus –a –um: below

    viridis –e: green

    dēnsō –āre –āvī –ātus: to thicken, condense; to press close together

    rōbur rōboris n.: oak tree

    frōns frondis f.: foliage, branch, bough

    Silvānus –ī m.: Silvanus, the god who presides over woods (> silva)

    satyrus (saturus) –ī m.: a satyr

    pōpulus –ī f.: a poplar tree  15

    corylus (corulus) –ī f.: a hazel-tree

    fāgus –ī f.: beech–tree

    pirus –ī f.: a pear-tree

    cerasus –ī f.: a cherry-tree

    prūnus –ī f.: a plum tree

    castanea –ae f.: the chestnut-tree

    nux nucis f.: nut

    planta –ae f.: a sprout, twig, plant

    innumerus –a –um: countless

    ēsca –ae f.: food (> edo)

    caelicola –ae m./f.: an inhabitant of heaven; a god, et al. (> caelum and colo)

    flāvus –a –um: golden, yellow

    Cerēs Cereris f.: wheat; Ceres

    serō serere sēvī satum: to sow (a crop)  20

    messis –is f.: harvest

    sponte: of one's own will; voluntarily; for one's own sake

    Pān Pānos (acc. Pāna) m.: Pan, the god of fields and woods

    laevus –a –um: left, on the left side

    arctōus –a –um: arctic, northern

    axis axis m.: axis, north pole

    pāscō pāscere pāvī pāstum: to nourish, feed; pasture

    passim: here and there, indiscriminately

    grāmen –inis n. : grass, plant, herb

    grex gregis m.: herd, flock

    citreus –a –um: of the citrus–tree; citrea mala = citrons

    rubeō rubēre rubuī: to be red, be ruddy

    vallēs vallis f.: valley

    īmus –a –um: the lowest, deepest

    rutilō rutilāre rutilāvī rutilātus: to redden; gleam

    hortulus –ī m.: garden (dim. of hortus)

    Hesperis –idis f.; pl. Hesperides –um : the daughters of Hesperus, the Hesperides, called also daughters of Erebus and Nox, to whom was given the care of the fabled gardens of the Hesperides, in an island of the Atlantic west of Mount Atlas

    laurus –ī f.: laurel  25

    frōns frondis f.:  foliage, branch, bough

    texō –ere –texuī –textus: to weave

    serta –ōrum n.pl. or –a –ae f.: things entwined; garlands, wreaths

    myrtus –ī m./f.: myrtle

    Venus –eris f. : Venus, goddess of love and beauty, identified by the Romans with Aphrodite, daughter of Jupiter and Dione; (meton.), love, lust

    crīspō crīspāre ––– crīspātus : to crisp, curl; to swing, vibrate, brandish

    redoleō –ēre –uī : to give forth a smell; to be redolent of, fragrant with

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