to be, as the copula between subject and predicate, freq.; to exist, be, 2.325, et al.; to pertain, belong to; one has or possesses, 3.433, et al.; (impers.), to be possible, one can, one may, 6.596; (imperat.), estō, be it so, grant, 4.35; archaic forms, pres, subj., fuam, ās, at, -ant, from fuō, 10.108; imperf. subj., forem, ēs, et, -ent, inf., fore, 1.235; rēs est alicui cum aliquō, one has a contest with one, 9.155.

(reflex. pron., sing. and pl.), of himself, herself, itself, themselves, etc., freq.; (abl. with cum), sēcum, with one's self, 4.29.

(conj.), if, freq.; causal, if, indeed, since, 2.102; equivalent to cum, 5.64, et al.; whether, w. subj., 4.110; w. indic., 1.578; for Ō sī, would that, w. subj., 6.187.

(adv.), in this manner; in such a manner; so, thus; explanatory, 2.440, et al.; referring to a preceding participle, 1.225.

(prep. with abl. and acc.); (with abl.), under, (denoting situation); beneath, under, freq.; at the foot of, 3.5; in the lower part of a thing, in, 1.453; down in, deep in, 1.36; by, close, to, 5.837; (of time), in, 4.560; (of rank or order), just behind, next after, 5.323; close to, in subjection to, subordinate to, under, 9.643; by reason of, under, 2.83; (with acc.), denoting tendency, down to, 4.243; down under, into, 4.654; down before, 6.191; near to, 5.327; in the midst of, 12.811; (of approaching the foot of some high object), up to or close to, 2.442; to or towards, 6.541; (of some object situated above or on high), up to, towards, 3.422, et al.; of time, just before or after; following after, in reply to, 5.394; coming under, subject to, under, 4.618; sub noctem, at nightfall, 1.662.

(conj.), except that; but, yet, freq.; sed enim, but indeed, however, 1.19, et al.; sed autem, but yet, 2.101.

to follow, 1.185; follow closely, pursue, 5.227; seek after, pursue, 3.327; seek to reach, seek, 4.381; 10.193; pursue a plan or course, 3.368; compass, attain, find, 6.457; follow in narrative, recount, 1.342; follow; of words responding to the will, 12.912; yield to the hand, 6.146; attend, favor, 8.15.

adj. (super), above, upper, supreme, 3.20; of the upper world as opposed to Hades, 2.91; 10.40; superae sēdēs, the sky, Olympus, 11.532; supera, the upper world, 7.562; the sky, heaven, 6.787; subst., superī, ōrum, m., those of the upper world, the living as opposed to the dead, 6.481; the gods above, or gods of Olympus as opposed to the infernal gods, 1.4; superl., suprēmus, a, um, the highest; most exalted, 10.350; illustrious, 7.220; extreme, 3.590; last, final, 2.11; subst., suprēmum, ī, n., the end, 12.803; pl., suprēma, ōrum, the last honors, rites, 6.213; (adv.), suprēmum, for the last time, 3.68; superl., summus, a, um, the uppermost, topmost, highest, 2.463; situated on a height; high, 2.166; the highest part of, summit of, top of, 2.302, et al.; surface of, 5.819, et al.; main, chief, 1.342; utmost, greatest, 5.197; supreme, 1.665; most important, 9.227; latest, last, 2.324, et al.; summa rēs, the chief or common interest, common weal, 11.302; the chief conflict, 2.322; subst., summum, ī, n., the top.

blood, 3.30, et al.; parentage, lineage, descent, race, 1.19; offspring, son, 6.835.

an associate, ally, 9.150; companion, friend, comrade, 1.198, et al.

to stand; stand up or erect, 2.774; remain standing, remain, 1.268; rise, 6.554; stand one's ground, fight, 5.414; of blood, to be stanched, 12.422; stand complete, be built, 3.110; stand at anchor, be moored, 3.277, 403; to be situated, lie, 3.210; remain firm, persistent, 7.374; to stand out with, be filled with, 6.300; to be thick with, 12.408; emphatic for esse, to be, 6.471, et al.; of the mind, to be fixed, 1.646; to depend, 2.163; (impers.), stat, it is fixed, determined, resolved, 2.750, et al.; stāre prō, to defend, 8; 653.

a large rough stone, rock, freq., cliff, crag, stone, 1.150; 3.699.

a forest, wood, or grove, 6.444, et al.; stubble, 10.406; (fig.), forest or mass of spears, 10.887.

his, her, its, their; his own, etc., 6.641, et al.; proper, appropriate, peculiar; fitting, 5.54; favorable, friendly, propitious, 5.832; emphatic for ēius, 4.633. (suī)

a seat of any kind, freq.; (meton.), an habitation, abode, dwelling (pl. for sing.), 2.634; destined or proper place, 2.232; foundation, 2.465; of the sea, bottom, 1.84; temple, shrine, 2.742; palace, 2.760; final resting-place, grave, tomb, 6.328; realm, 7.52. (sedeō)

(adj.), alone, sole, only, 1.664, et al.; solitary, 4.82; lonely, 4.462; remote, solitary, 11.545; one only, an only, 7.52; (adv.), sōlum, only.

(adv.), at once, together, at the same time, 1.144, et al.; w. abl. (cum being omitted), 5.357; simul ac or atque, as soon as, 4.90; without ac, as soon as, when; w. et, 1.144; simul — simul, and at the same time — and, 1.631; both — and, 1.513, et al.; as soon as — then, no sooner — than, 12.268.

(adj.), fierce, fell, wrathful, of men, animals, and things; cruel, 1.458; dreadful, direful, fearful, 2.559; furious, 9.792; stern, bloody, 6.824; formidable, valiant, warlike, 1.99; relentless, 12.849; maddening, angering; bitter, 1.25; mortal, 12.857.

a constellation; (fig.), season, 4.309; star, 6.338; bright aspect; weather; storm, 12.451; pl., sīdera, um, weather, vicissitudes of weather, 5.628.

to save, 3.86, et al.; reserve, 1.207; retain, keep, 6.200; hold, 7.179; continue, maintain, 10.340; guard, 2.450; keep, cherish, 1.36; preserve, inherit, 7.52; sit by, 2.568; dwell, abide by, 6.402; give heed to, watch, observe, 6.338; 11.200.

to go or come under, into, or up to; alone, or with acc. and prep., or with dat.; without a case, come up, 2.216; go under, bend, stoop down under, 10.522; come after; follow, 2.725; take one's place, 12.471; enter, 1.171; come into or upon the mind, suggest itself, occur, 2.560; with acc. and prep., go, advance towards, 8.359; with dat., come or go up to, down to, into, 5.203; succeed to, 5.176; come after, follow, 10.371; with acc., approach, enter, 1.400; go under a burden, bear, with abl. of instrument, 2.708; go under the yoke, draw, 3.113; enter the mind of, strike, occur to, 9.757; approach, reach, 3.512; approach, 7.22; meet, encounter, 10.798; attack, 9.344.

(adj.), set apart, consecrated, holy, sacred, 2.167, et al.; consecrated to, priest of, 6.484; devoted to the infernal gods; damned, accursed, 5.57.

to spread out, spread, 1.700; stretch on the ground, strike down, slay, 1.190; cast down, prostrate, devastate, 2.306; make level, smooth, calm, 5.763; spread, cover, 8.719; strew, litter; overthrow, conquer, 6.858; pass. (in middle sense), sternor, ī, to stretch one's self, lie down, 3.509.

to raise, prick up, 4.183; rise, spring up, arise, 3.513, et al.; as an enemy, 10.28; to swell, 9.30; to tower up, 10.725; increase, grow, rise, 4.274; impend, threaten, 4.43. Cf. subrigō. (sub and regō)

hope, expectation, prospect, freq.

sleep, slumber, 1.680, et al.; a dream, 1.353; night, 1.470, et al.; personif., Somnus, the god of sleep, 5.838, et al.

(prep. with acc. and abl.); (with acc.), over, above, 1.379; beyond, 6.794; upon, on, 1.295, 680; besides; super ūsque, even beyond, beyond, 11.317; (with abl.), upon, 1.700; over (him or his body), 5.482; about, of, concerning, 1.750, et al.; for, for the sake of, 4.233, et al.

a sign, mark, impress; token, 1.443; sign, 3.388; signal, of games, 5.315; of battle, 10.310; goal, 5.130; figure, 1.648; standard, 7.628; (meton.), a body of men following a standard, troop, battalion, 11.517.

a sister, 1.322; sorōrēs Tartareae, the Furies, 7.327.

to sit, 1.56; sit inactive, 9.4; alight, 6.192; (fig.), to be fixed, settled, resolved, 4.15; to suit, be pleasing, 5.418; circum sedēre, to encamp about; to besiege.

adj. (super), overbearing, haughty, proud, insolent, fierce, 1.523; superior, mighty, 1.21; audacious, 12.326; hard, cruel, 12.877; stately, superb, magnificent, splendid, 1.639.

to scatter, strew; cast in fragments, 3.605; disperse, 1.602; shower, hurl, 12.51; sprinkle, 4.512; besprinkle, bedew, stain, 8.645; infuse, 4.486; (fig.), spread abroad, disseminate, 2.98; bring over or upon, diffuse, 7.754.

to unbind, loosen, 6.652, et al.; unfurl, 4.574; unfasten, cast off, 5.773; unyoke, unharness; of the hair, undo, dishevel, 3.65, et al.; dissolve, confound, mix, 12.205; separate, divide, 5.581; (fig.), set free, release, disenthrall, 4.487; exempt, release, 10.111; break, 10.91; pay, fulfill, perform, 3.404; dispel, cast off, banish, 4.55; 1.463; paralyze, 1.92; 12.951; of sleep or drunkenness, relax, 5.856; drown, 9.189; (pass.), solvor, sink, 4.530. (2. sē- and luō)

(adv.), above, 4.684, et al.; above, from above, 10.384; moreover, 4.606; besides, 1.29; more than enough, 2.642; remaining, surviving, left (with ellipsis of esse), 3.489, et al.; still (or above), 4.684; of time, in, during, 9.61.

a sounding; noise, 2.732, et al.; roaring, 2.209; thunder, 6.586. (sonō)

to allow, permit, suffer, 1.18; leave off, forbear, 10.15; (with inf. or subj. following), suffer, let, 10.433; 5.163; spare, 10.598; leave, (w. acc. and dat.), 9.620.

the sun, 1.431, et al.; a day, 3.203; sunlight, 2.475; as a god, Sōl, 1.568, et al.; pl., sōlēs, days, 3.203.

the bottom or ground of anything; soil, earth, ground, 1.367, et al.; land, 3.698; foundation, 10.102; the water beneath a ship, as its support; the water, sea, 5.199; support, table, 7.111.

surmount; go over, 6.676; rise above, 2.219; pass by or beyond, 1.244; make one's way through, 8.95; overpower, slay, 1.350; overcome, conquer, 2.311; prevail, 5.22; surmount, 3.368; remain, survive, be still living, 3.339; be left; remain, 12.873; be proud, elated, rejoice, 5.473; superāre ascēnsū, to mount, ascend, 2.303. (super)

(prep. with abl.), without, 1.133, et al.; (connecting substantives), 6.292; 10.636. For sē- or sēd- in composition, see sē-.

to cut, freq.; cut off, 4.704; engrave, carve, 3.464; cut through, cleave, 5.218, et al.; of the channel of a river, 8.63; sail through, pass, 8.96; speed, 6.899; shape out mentally, form, 10.107.

an arrow, 1.187, et al.

adj. (sequor), the following; second, 5.258; inferior, 11.441; favorable, fair, 4.562; swiftly flying, 1.156; fortunate, prosperous, 1.207; successful, 2.617; joyful, 8.90; 10.266; auspicious, propitious, 4.45; of a river, easily flowing, downwards.

to sound, resound, freq.; murmur, 3.442, et al.; chirp, 12.477; rattle, 4.149; roar, 1.246; thunder, 2.113; (w. acc.), indicate by sound, betray, reveal, 1.328; boast, 12.529.

(adv.), always, ever, 2.97, et al.

a holy thing; pl., sacra, ōrum, n., sacred symbols, rites, 12.13; sacred rites, ceremonies, sacrifices, 2.132; sacred things, utensils, symbols, 2.293; mysteries, 3.112.

having come up suddenly; unexpected, sudden, 2.692; suddenly, 3.225. (subeō)

a lot, 5.490, et al.; fate, lot, destiny, fortune, condition, 6.114; hazard, 12.54; luck, success, victory, 12.932; oracular response, oracle, 4.346; 7.254; allotment, designation, 6.431; division, part, 10.40.

a projecting ledge of rock; a high cliff or rock, 1.180; crag, 1.45; ledge, reef, 1.145; detached rock, fragment of rock, 12.531.

a priest or priestess, 2.201; 1.273; a poet or bard (as priest of the Muses), 6.645. (sacer)

to go, come up to or under, with dat., or acc. and prep., or without a case, to go up to, visit, 8.507; ascend, 12.235; come up to, advance to, 2.478; approach, 7.214; encounter, 10.847; enter, 1.627; creep under, disappear beneath, 5.93; to descend into the earth, to be buried, 11.103; take up, take upon one's self, 2.723; go under, be yoked to, 3.541; to follow, 11.481; to turn out well; succeed, come to pass, 11.794. (sub and cēdō)

(adv.), suddenly, 1.88, et al.

adv. (comp., saepius), often, frequently, 2.108, et al.; cum saepe, when, as often happens, 1.148.

that which is taken from the body of a slain man or beast; spoil, trophy, 1.289; spolia opīma, the arms or spoils taken by a victorious general from the body of a hostile commander slain in battle, 6.855.

to produce a grating or shrill sound; to creak, 1.449; gurgle, 4.689; rustle, 1.397; whiz, roar, 1.102; hiss, 8.420; twang, 5.502.

adj. (comp., similior, ius; superl., simillimus, a, um), like, similar, 1.136, et al.

adj. (Sāturnus), belonging to Saturn; Saturnian; sprung from Saturn; Saturnian, 4.372; subst., Sāturnius, iī, m., the son of Saturn, 5.799; Sāturnia, ae, f., 1. Daughter of Saturn, Juno, 1.23; 2. The city of Saturnia, built by Saturn on the Capitoline hill, 8.358.

an evil or atrocious deed; a crime, freq.; wickedness, 6.742; (meton.), punishment, 7.307; like nefās for wretch, imp; hence, scelus artificis = artifex scelestus, the accursed deceiver, 11.407.

the lower part of the trunk together with the roots of plants and trees; the extremity, end; root; trunk, tree, 12.770; (fig.), origin, descent, lineage, stock, race, 1.626, et al.

to draw tight, bind; of a sword, draw out, draw, 2.334; graze, touch lightly, go near, 5.163; trim up, cut, 1.552; (fig.), touch the mind, 9.294.

a feeling or thinking; opinion; resolution, design, purpose, 1.237; 11.21; judgment, 2.35; plan, 4.287; idea, thought, 1.582. (sentiō)

(adj. and adv.), sufficient, enough; w. gen., 2.314; alone as subject, 2.291; as predicate, 2.642; comp., satius, better, preferable, 10.59.

a fold, 1.320; (fig.), sail, canvas, 5.16; bosom, 4.686; a gulf or bay, 1.243; winding stream, a winding, 6.132; a winding, curvature, depth, 1.16l; curving billow, 11.626.

to hope, w. acc.; hope for, 1.451; expect, fear, 1.543; look for, expect, 4.419; w. acc. and inf., 9.158; w. inf. fut., 4.382; w. inf. pres., 4.338. (spēs)

adj. (Styx), pertaining to the Styx; of Hades; Stygian, 4.638, et al.

a royal staff; scepter, 1.653; freq.; (meton.), rule, sway, power, royal court, realm, 9.9; 1.253; authority, 11.238.

the state of being well; safety, 1.555; preservation, means of safety, remedy, relief, deliverance, 1.451. (rel. to salvus, safe)

a sharp point; (meton.), an arrow, a dart, javelin, spear, 5.307.

those of the upper world, the living as opposed to the dead, 6.481; the gods above, or gods of Olympus as opposed to the infernal gods, 1.4.2.302, et al.

to perceive by the senses; hear, 3.669; see, 4.588; perceive, 1.125; of the intellect and moral faculties, understand, know, 3.360; think, 10.534; will, desire, 10.623; (w. acc. of person), know, 7.434.

(adj.), tardy, sluggish, dilatory, backward, 11.736; slothful, inactive, 3.513; mean-spirited, cowardly, 9.787; helpless, 10.700; (fig.), idle, exhausted; comp., sēgnior, less glorious, less divine, 4.149; less rapid, 7.383.

(conj.), or if, freq.; or, 5.69; elliptical, 11.327; sīve (seu) — sīve (seu), whether — or, 1.569, 570; either — or, 4.240, 241.

room, space, distance, 5.321, et al.; course, voyage, 10.219; place, direction, 5.584; respite, time, 4.433; pl., spatia, ōrum, course, track, 5.316.

following, late; otherwise, differently; nōn or haud secus, not otherwise, not less; likewise, even so, 2.382, et al.; none the less, nevertheless, 5.862; haud secus ac, nor otherwise than, just as. (comp. adv.), sētius, less, the less; haud sētius, not the less, 7.781.

to be fierce; to be furious, rage; be angry, 6.544. (saevus)

sacred, holy, 2.700; sacred, venerable, 1.426; unstained, with untarnished honor, 12.648. (sanciō)

one's friends, kinsmen, countrymen, followers, etc., 6.611, et al. (suus)

to cause to stand, put, set, place, w. abl. of place, 2.245, et al.; place before one, bring, 4.634; fix, plant, 10.323; stop, 12.355; arrest, stay, 6.465; support, sustain, maintain, 6.858; set, place, 6.676; n., stand still, to stop, remain, abide, 3.7; stand in fight, 11.873.

adj. (supplicō, beseech), kneeling, entreating, suppliant, 3.439; subst., supplex, icis, c., a suppliant, 2.542.

to sow or plant; with indefinite object omitted, 6.844; scatter, spread, disseminate, 12.228.

the joining of words; language, conversation, talk, discourse, 1.217; report, rumor, 4.189; speech, words, 12.223; a language, 12.834. (2. serō)

(adj.), raised up, elevated, uplifted, 11.602; aloft; on high, 1.259; through the air, 1.415; on high, 6.720; to heaven, 5.255; of lofty soul, 12.788; (adv.), sublīme, loftily, aloft, on high, 10.664.

(adj.), old, aged, hoary, 7.180; (comp.) senior, ōris, older; very aged, 5.179; hoary, 5.704.

to place side by side or upon; to pile up; build, erect, 3.84; cover, load, 5.54; arrange, 1.704; like īnstruō, to form or draw out a line of battle, 9.42; (fig.), to plan, purpose, intend, 4.271; bring about, effect, 2.60. (rel. to sternō)

to be wont, accustomed, 2.456.

to station, place, set, 1.724; to place at or on the altar; found, build, 1.573; set up, 8.271; restore, stay, 12.506; of the mind, resolve, determine, decide, 11.302. (status)

to foam, 3.534, et al. (spūma)

to cut asunder; split, 6.182; part, separate, divide, 1.161; tear, 9.478; (fig.), divide, 2.39.

to know, understand, 1.63, et al.; know how, be able, can.

an oblong shield carried by the Roman legionary; a shield in general, 1.101, et al. (σκύτος, hide)

(adj.), late, freq.; late in life, 6.764; slow, tardy, 2.373; too late, 5.524; (adv.), sērum, late, 12.864.

to set apart to the gods; devote, consecrate, 2.502; w. acc. and dat., devote, 10.419. (sacer)

to foam, 3.534, et al. (spūma)

(num. adj.), seven, freq.

to breathe, blow, 5.844; palpitate, 4.64; pant; breathe heavily, 7.510; heave, boil, 10.291; of odors, breathe forth, exhale, emit; w. acc., 1.404; p., spīrāns, antis, lifelike, breathing, 6.847.

to be over; to be left, remain (separated by tmesis), 2.567; survive, 8.399.

to take up, 2.518; to take, accept, receive; to exact, take, inflict, 2.576; adopt, select, choose, 4.284; assume, put on. (sub and emō)

a prophetess, a sibyl; the Cumaean sibyl, Deiphobe, 3.452, et al.

a cavern, 1.60; retreat, 5.213.

earnest feeling or effort; eager or deep anxiety, 12.131; desire, impatience, 4.400; emulous zeal, rival acclamation, applause, 5.148; desire, purpose, 2.39; pursuit, study, sympathy, interest, 5.450; delight, 11.739; abl., studiō, with zeal, earnestly, thoughtfully, 6.681, et al. (studeō, to be zealous)