(prep. followed by acc.) 1. (In relations of place), to, towards, at, by, near, before, freq., present with, among, 6.481; 2. (Of time), at, just at, about, by, 4.513, et al.; 3. (In other relations), in one’s esteem, with, 12.648; ad ūnum, even to a single one, to the last one, to a man, 5.687; ad ūsque, as far as, 11.262, et al.

(conj.), and in addition, or and besides; and, as well, and indeed, and, 1.575; freq.; even, 2.626; in comparisons, as, 4.90; than, 3.561; repeated, atque — atque, both — and.

arms, defensive and offensive, freq.; armor, 10.181; suits of armor, 8.565; (fig.), or warlike exploits, 1.1; conflict, 12.844; implements, equipments, instruments, utensils, 1.183; sails, 5.15; rudder, helm, 6.353; military power, warlike command, 12.192; war, conflict, 12.6; means of injury, weapons, 2.99; arma movēre (of the lion), to prepare for battle, 12.6; arma colligere, shorten sail.

1. A Trojan chief, son of Venus and Anchises, and hero of the Aeneid, 1.92. 2. Aenēās Silvius, one of the Alban kings, 6.769.

(conj., indicating an actual and positive alternative, and not, like vel, leaving the choice to the mind), or, 1.70, et al.; but sometimes used indifferently with vel, ve, sive, 1.379; repeated, aut — aut, either — or, 1.396, et al.

(prep. with abl.), from, in relations of space, time, source, cause, and agency; from, 1.371; following a substantive directly, with ellipsis of participle, 1.160; at, on, to, 7.106; from the direction, on the side of, 5.19; in respect to, 11.174; according to, 9.235; from a period or point of time, 2.87; since, after, 1.730; (of persons), by, 2.429; ā tergō, from the rear, behind, 1.186; ab ūsque, as far as from, even from, 7.289. In composition, ab is unchanged before vowels and before i(= j), h, b, d, l, n, r, s; becomes abs before c, q, t, as before p; ā in āfui from absum; and au is used in auferō, from ab and ferō, and in aufugiō, from ab and fugiō.

raised high; high built, high, lofty, 5.489; on high, aloft, 11.837; high-born, noble, ancient, 4.230; renowned, 10.126; deep, deep or deeply, 12.357; subst., altum, ī, n., the deep; the lofty; the deep sea, the main, the deep, 1.3; the sky, heaven, air, 1.297; from far, far-fetched, remote, 8.395; pl., alta, ōrum, high places, heights of heaven, 6.787; heights, hills, 11.797; battlements, 9.169; alta petere, to aim high, 5.508; comp., altior, ius, higher, taller, 8.162; superl., altissimus, a, um, very high, 8.234. (alō, rear, cause to grow)

the rational spirit or soul of man; freq., the mind, 1.464, et al.; design, intention, purpose, 4.639; mind, memory, 1.26; the heart; feeling, disposition, affection, inclination, 1.304, et al.; pl., animī, ōrum, m., lofty spirit, heroism, 6.782; daring; courage, confidence, 2.617; strength; passion; anger, rage, 1.57; arrogance, pride, 11.366; fury, 10.357; of things, life, velocity, 7.383.

(conj., denoting addition either with the notion of difference, or of decided opposition), but, 1.46; yet, still, after conditional propositions; in adding new particulars, and in transitions, but also, but, now, 4.1; denoting indignation, with execration, 2.535.

(conj.), and in addition, or and besides; and, as well, and indeed, and, 1.575; freq.; even, 2.626; in comparisons, as, 4.90; than, 3.561.

to put in motion; to drive, 1.333; force, impel, 3.5; urge, incite, 7.393; advance, 9.505; move, turn, pursue, 10.540; drive away, dispel, lead, 4.546; send forth, raise, 6.873; rear by growth, 11.136; work, 3.695; work out, cut out, cleave, 10.514; convey, 1.391; bear onward, 3.512; bring, 9.18; do in general, 10.675; do, perform, 5.638; to be busy about, aim at, essay, try to accomplish, effect, gain, 11.227; treat, 1.574; derive, 12.530; consider, discuss, debate, 11.445; pass, spend, 5.51; (without an object), to be at work, to work, perform, 12.429; agere sē, to present one’s self, appear, 6.337; (pass.), agī, to move, hover, 12.336.

(adj. and subst.), other, another; repeated; alius — alius, one — another; pl., aliī — aliī, some — others, 1.427, 428; used once for aliī— aliī, 4.593; (adv.), aliō (old abl.), elsewhere, to another place; aliās (acc. pl. fem., sc. vicēs), at another time.

that which is driven or moved; direction of movement; a train; gathering, winding; herd, flock, drove, 1.186; an army, on the march; battalion, squadron, 5.834; army, 11.60; troop, band, 5.549; company, multitude, throng, 5.378; assemblage, gathering, flood; motion, stroke, of oars, 5.211; stream, current, 2.782; course, 2.212; a leader, 10.561. (agō)

an equal, horizontal, or level surface; the surface of the sea; the sea, 1.146; water, 6.355; wave, 3.197; a level field, plain, 5.456; low land, 12.524. (aequō)

the air in gentle motion; a breeze, 3.356, et al.; air, 4.278, et al.; a blast; ether, spirit, 6.747; splendor, brightness, 6.204; favor, applause, 6.816; pl., air, 1.59, 387; ad auras, to or into the air, on high, upward.

gold, 1.349, et al.; (meton.), a golden goblet, 7.245; golden bit, 7.279.

love, affection, in all senses; the passion of love; love, affection, or esteem, in all human relations, as parental, filial, of friends, allies, etc., 4.624, et al.; of gods, 7.769; love, liking, fancy, fondness, preference, for things, 11.583, et al.; freq., the hippomanes, or bunch of flesh supposed to appear on the forehead of a new-foaled colt, and instantly devoured by the dam, unless intercepted, and used as a love-charm, 4.516; personified, Amor, ōris, m., Cupid, Love, the god of love, 1.663; pl., amōrēs, um, m., affections, love, 4.28; mutual love, 5.334. (amō)

an altar, 2.514, et al.; funeral pile, 6.177; pl., Ārae, ārum, the Altars, a reef in the Mediterranean Sea between Sicily and Africa, 1.109.

(adj.), black; dark, gloomy, 1.60, et al.; smoky, lurid, 7.456; 4.384; clotted, dark, 3.622; soiled, blackened, 2.272; (fig.), sad, fatal, 6.429; venomous, deadly; of the odor of smoke, 12.591.

(prep., with acc.), in front of, before, 2.469, et al.; (of order or degree), before or beyond, 1.347; (of time), before, 4.328.

a sharp edge or point; edge, 2.333; an arrowhead, 11.862; the sight of the eye, 6.200; the eye, 4.643; an army in line of battle; army, 10.408; the shock, of battle, 12.662; light; pl., aciēs, the eyes, 12.558; squadrons, battalions, troops, 2.599; battles, 6.829; aciēs īnferre, to charge, 10.364.

to take to one’s self; to receive, 1.304; take in or up, admit, receive, 1.123; 3.79; entertain, 3.353; see, 8.155; hear, attend, listen to, learn, 2.65; heed, regard, 4.611. (ad and capiō)

to hear, with acc., or acc. and infin., freq.; to listen to, hear of, 2.11; to heed, 4.612; p., audītus, a, um, heard of, known by report, 7.96; p., subst., audītum, ī, n., a thing heard; report, 3.107.

arable land; land; a field, 1.246; soil; plain, the ground, 12.237; the shore, 2.209; pl., arva, ōrum, fields, lands, country; waters, 8.695. (arō)

to be near or by; to be present, at hand, or here, 1.595; to have arrived, 2.132; to be with, attend, 2.701; aid, accompany, 10.547; be propitious, 3.116; to beset, 2.330; inf., adfore, to be about to come, destined to come, 7.270. (imp. subj., adforem, -ēs, -et, -ent)

a citadel, stronghold, fortress, tower, 2.56, et al.; high abode, heaven, 1.250; a summit, height, 1.56; mountain, hill, 6.783; palace, 4.410. (arceō)

the upper air; ether, sky, heaven, 1.90; in a general sense, air, 1.587, et al.

turned toward or against; before, in front, opposite, 1.166; opposing, 3.38; against the wind, 12.370; contrary, 2.416; toward, to meet, 6.684; (subst.), adversus, ī, m., an enemy, 9.761; adversum, ī, n.; in adversum, opposite, 8.237; pl., adversa, ōrum, n., misfortunes, accidents, 9.172.

a breeze or breath of air; the air; wind or blast of the bellows, 8.403; breath, 9.580; breath of life, the soul, spirit, life, 1.98; life-blood, 10.908; soul, 9.580; the soul of the dead, shade, manes, 5.81; the spirit or soul not yet inhabiting its destined body, 6.720.

son of Capys and Themis, and father of Aeneas by Venus, 2.687, et al.

to speak; to say “yes”; say, 1.142, et al.; sometimes pleonastic after fārī, etc., 5.551. (If the i in this verb is followed by a consonant, the a is short; as aīs, aīt; otherwise i coalesces with the following vowel; as āiō, pronounced ā-yō.)

(adj.), sharp; (fig.), bitter, pungent, 7.291; ardent, active, strong, 1.220; brave, valiant, 8.441; spirited, full of life, life-like, 5.254; elastic, springing, 7.164; swift, nimble, fiery, 1.444; fierce, furious, 2.414; keen, urgent, 1.362.

adj. (ante), done or existing before; pristine, of old, ancient, 1.12; aged, old, 2.714; former, 4.458; illustrious, noble, 12.529.

Ascanius, son of Aeneas, and traditional founder of Alba Longa, 1.267.

to put or lay near to or by, put on, 5.817; add, join, 9.765; erect on, 3.336; give, impart, 1.593; add, bestow, 5.249; addere sē, to join, 2.339.

to dare; with inf., freq.; dare, venture upon, attempt, with acc., 10.811, et al.; to venture, 2.347; p., ausus, a, um, having dared, daring, 5.792.

flowing water; a river, freq.; stream, 4.164; water, 12.417; amnis Eumenidum, the Cocytus, 6.374.

a year, freq.; a season, portion of the year; māgnus annus, a complete year, or the great annual circuit of the sun, 3.284.

acquired skill; dexterity, 5.521; art, 2.15; warlike device, craft, 5.442; skillful effort or toil, 5.270; attainment, science, 7.772; prophetic wisdom, 5.705; aim, vocation, pursuit, 6.852; avocation, craft, 12.519; artifice, plot, stratagem, intrigue, 1.657; craft, subtlety, cunning, 2.152; skillful or cunning workmanship, 5.359.

burning, hot, sparkling, flaming, 5.637; bright, 4.482; impassioned, ardent, eager, 1.423; spirited, fiery, 1.472; glowing, lofty, 6.130; fierce, furious, 2.529; angry, 6.467. (ardeo)

adj. (aurum), of gold, golden, armed with gold, 11.490; gilded, 6.13; (fig.), beautiful, fair, 10.16; perfectly pure and happy, golden, 6.792.

to look at; to behold, see, 1.393, et al.; (fig.), to consider, 1.526; regard, pity, 2.690. (ad and speciō, look)

(adv.), beforehand, 1.673; previously, past, 1.198; first, 12.680; followed by quam, = antequam.

a wing, 1.301; the feather of an arrow, 9.578; the wing of an army; cavalry, 11.730; troop, battalion, 11.604; horsemen, mounted huntsmen, 4.121.

(adj.), rough, 2.379; rugged, craggy, jagged, 6.360; chased, embossed, 5.267; (fig.), of the weather, stormy, 2.110; of temperament, spirit, or nature, barbarous, 5.730; formidable, fierce, 1.14; full of strife, warlike, 1.291; cruel, stern, 6.882; angry, 1.279; bitter, 2.96; displeased, 8.365.

Apollo, son of Jupiter and Latona; the god of prophecy, medicine, music, poetry, and archery, 2.430; met., a temple of Apollo, 3.275.

that which promotes; assistance, help, relief, succor, 1.571; pl. auxilia, ōrum, help, assistance, 2.163. (augeō)

to recognize, 1.470.

copper, bronze; brass, in one of the old English usages of that word, 1.449, et al.; anything made of copper or bronze; a trumpet, 3.240; cymbal; armor, 2.734; shield, 2.545; a bronze statue, 6.847; a track or course of bronze plates, 6.591; a ship’s prow or beak, or a copper-bottomed ship, 1.35; pl., aera, n., money, 11.329; aere nexus, bronze-bound, of bronze, 1.448.

to lift or raise up, throw, cast up, 3.574; rear, build, 2.185; (fig.), to rouse, excite, 2.381; with se, lift one’s self or itself, 4.690; come into view, appear, 3.205; (fig.), arise, be exalted, 4.49; (pass.), attollī, to rise, 5.127. (ad and tollō)

adj. (rel. to alius), the other; one of two; the next; the second, 5.311; a single other; one- or another of the same class; another; any second one; with a neg., not one other, 1.544; alter — alter, the one — the other, 5.299; alter — alterius, each — other’s, 2.667.

the land pertaining to a person or community; land under cultivation; a field, 2.306, et al.; land, 1.343, et al.

to burn; to be on fire, or in flames, 2.311, et al.; be burned, 2.581; (fig.), rage in combat, 1.491; burn with impatience, to long, 1.515; burn with love, 4.101; glow, 4.262.

to speak to; address, 1.663; beseech, supplicate, 2.700; bid adieu, farewell to, 2.644.

(adj.), steep; erect, high, raised high, 2.475; 5.480; lofty, towering, 2.328; rearing, 11.638.

(conj.), but, yet, however, truly, indeed, now, moreover, denoting contrast, difference, addition, or transition, freq.

the deep; the lofty; the deep sea, the main, the deep, 1.3; the sky, heaven, air, 1.297; from far, far-fetched, remote, 8.395. (altus)

(adj.), plain, even; on a level with, leveled, with dat., 12.569; equal, open, fair, 11.706; equal, adequate, prepared, 10.450; favorable, 1.479; impartial, equitable, just, 6.129; unprejudiced, unbiased, 9.234; aequō pede, with foot to foot, face to face, 12.465; aequum est, it is just, 12.20; aequius fuerat, it would have been more just, 11.115.

Acestes or Segestus, the son of Crimisus, a Sicilian river god, and Egesta or Segesta, a Trojan woman, 1.195.

to set fire to, light up, enkindle, 5.4; enrage, exasperate, incense, 1.29; incite, rouse, 4.232. (ad and candō, rel. to candeō)

the ear, 2.119, et al. (rel. to audiō)

sand, 1.112; sandy shore, strand, 1.540; sandy ground, arena; space for races; an arena, 5.336.

(adj.), both, 1.458.

a cave, cavern, grotto, 1.166.

a joint of the body of man or beast, 5.422; a limb, 2.173, et al.; part, member, 6.726; frame, body, 9.490. (generally in the pl., except in later writers)

(adj.), white, 3.392; blank, undecorated, 9.548; subst., album, ī, n., whiteness, white.

to equip with arms; arm, equip, 2.395, et al.; fit out, make ready, prepare, 4.299; (fig.), imbue, charge, 9.773; p., armātus, a, um, armed, charged, 12.857; subst., armātī, ōrum, m., armed men, warriors, 2.485. (arma)

a bow, 5.500, et al.; the rainbow, 5.88.

materials gathered to form an elevation; a heap of earth or stones, dike, embankment, bank, 1.112; 2.496; heap of earth, 9.567; top, summit, ridge, raised surface, 5.44, 273; a rampart, 9.769, et al.; a height or rising ground, 12.446; aggerēs, mountains, mountain ramparts, 6.830. (aggerō)

to turn (anything) away from, followed by an abl. with or without a prep., 1.38, et al.; turn or drive away, 1.472, et al.; transfer, with acc. of place, 4.106; drive away, end, 4.547; neut. by omission of se, to turn away, 1.402; (pass.), avertī, as middle or dep., with acc., to be averse to; to shun, loathe.

the son of Peleus, king of Thessaly, and Thetis, daughter of Nereus, 1.468, et al.

to send away; to let go, 5.853; 2.148; lose, 3.710; p., āmissus, a, um, missing 1.217; lost, 3.341; slain, 11.868.

to raise up; erect; bristle up, 10.726; (fig.), to excite, rouse; p., arrēctus, a, um, standing up, rising; erect, 5.426; bristling, 11.754; attentive, 1.152; animated, roused, encouraged, 1.579; ardent, intent; intense, 5.138; in fearful expectation, 12.731. (ad and regō)

Achates, a companion of Aeneas, 1.174, et al.

to go away, depart, 2.675; go off, go aside, turn off, 5.162; pass into, sink into, 9.700; go forward, take the lead, 5.318; retreat, 2.382; change or be transformed.

to carry, bear, or take away, 4.29, et al.; remove, cut off, 4.699; lay aside, leave off, 8.439; with se, withdraw, 4.389. (ab and ferō)

a star, constellation; pl., astra, ōrum, heaven, 3.158; Tītānia astra, the heavenly bodies; the sun, moon, or stars, 6.725.

adj. (for aeviternus), lasting, through ages; eternal; immortal, 1.36; perpetual, 4.99; (adv.), aeternum, for in aeternum, continually, eternally, 6.401; for ever, 11.98.

adj. (Auson), Ausonian; Italian, 4.349; subst., Ausoniī, ōrum, m., the Ausonians; Italians, 11.253.

indefinite time; lapse of time, time, 3.415; age, 2.638; old age, 2.509; life, 10.582; immortality, 10.235.

to stand at, near, or upon; alight, 1.301; stand, 9.677; be present, 3.150; stand or be ready, 3.123; impend, 3.194.

a tree, freq.; timber, wood, 5.504; an oar, 10.207.

(conj., properly introducing the second member of a double question), or, 6.533; at the beginning of an interrogative sentence (the first member being suppressed), then, or rather, or perhaps, or even, 4.325.

water, 1.105, et al.; a stream, river.

to be away; to be absent, 2.620; distant, 11.907; to be wanting, missing, 1.584; inf., āfore, or abfore, will be wanting, 8.147.

the dawn, morning, 3.521; personified, Aurora, the goddess of the dawn, who precedes the horses of the sun-god, 4.585; the east, 8.686; the sun, 6.535.

adj. (aethēr), pertaining to the upper air; ethereal, heavenly, 1.394, et al.; airy, 8.608.

to make equal in size, number, weight, etc., 1.193; 5.419; to equalize, divide equally, 1.508; make equal in length, 9.338; in height, raise to, 4.89; to equal, be equal to; to be as high as, on a level with; keep pace with, 6.263; return equally, requite, 6.474; lift, exalt, 11.125; p., aequātus, a, um, made equal or even; steady, 4.587. (aequus)

to put in motion; drive; drive away; drive, pursue, 2.421; persecute, 6.68; harass, haunt, 3.331; stir up, arouse, 10.71; hasten, 2.640; move, animate, 6.727; excite to, 9.187; practice, exercise, 12.397; spend, pass; (pass.), agitārī, to ride about, 11.694. (agō)

adv. (ad + eō, cf. is), to this or that point; so far, to such a degree, so very, so much; with correl. ut following, 11.436, et al.; explanatory of a preceding statement, so much, so, 1.567, et al.; so, therefore, 4.533; added to this, besides, moreover; frequently emphasizing a word or statement, aye indeed, aye also, indeed, even, 3.203; 7.427; iamque adeō and nunc adeō, and even now, now indeed, already, or moreover, 5.268; 9.156, et al.; ūsque adeō, up to such a point, even so, so much; vix adeō, hardly even, 6.498.

adj. (amō), loving, friendly, kind, favorable, propitious, of persons, 2.735; of things, 2.255, et al.; subst., amīcus, ī., m., a friend.

a son of Aeneas; pl., Aeneadae, ārum, followers of Aeneas, the Trojans, 1.565; Aeneadae, 3.18.

to uncover, lay bare, 1.107; throw open, open, 2.60; disclose to the view, 3.206; disclose, reveal, 6.12; (pass.), aperīrī, to appear, 8.681; p., apertus, a, um, opened, 8.585; unguarded, 11.748; adj., open, 1.155; clear, pure, 1.587. (ab and root par, whence pariō)

adj. (alō), giving nourishment; fostering, genial, blessing, blessed, benign, 1.306; fruitful; gracious, kind, kindly, propitious, 7.774.

a grandfather, grandsire, 2.457; sire, father, ancestor, 6.840.

(conj., denoting addition either with the notion of difference, or of decided opposition), but, 1.46; yet, still, after conditional propositions; in adding new particulars, and in transitions, but also, but, now, 4.1; denoting indignation, with execration, 2.535.

(imperat. of ago), onward! away! come on!

to come into sight, appear, 2.622, et al.; be laid open, exposed to view, 8.241; attend, 12.850. (ad and pāreō)

a going to; an approach, avenue, access, passage, entrance, 2.494; (fig.), approach, 4.423. (adeō)

to turn to or toward; turn, direct, 6.386; turn against, bring before, 12.555; of the mind, turn, direct, 8.440; attend, observe, mark, listen, 2.712; (pass.), come to, arrive at, 5.34.