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Stephanos then ingratiated himself with a man named Theogenes, who had been selected as βασιλεύς (king archon), and married Phano to him. As the wife of the βασιλεύς, Phano performed special rites on behalf of the city. Apollodoros explains that when Athens was a monarchy the king’s wife performed the most holy sacrifices. 

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τήν...ἐγνωσμένην ξένην εἶναι: “this woman who was acknowledged to be an alien....” The accusative is picked by αὐτήν a couple of lines down and treated as the subject of εἶναι ἀστήν in indirect statement.

τοσοῦτον: as often, takes a genitive of measure (“such a pitch/degree of…”) (G. 507.c, S. 1325)

μὴ ἀγαπᾶν εἰ ἔφασκον: “to not be satisfied if they claimed that,” i.e., “to not be content with claiming that”

κατιδόντες < κατεῖδον

Κοιρωνίδην: “of the genos Koironidai.” This is actually a correction of the MSS, which read Κοθωκίδην, referring to the deme Kothokidai, but we learn that Theogenes’ deme is Erchia in §84, so the manuscript reading must be corrupt.

βασιλέα: the βασιλεύς was one of the three main archons or magistrates (along with the eponymous archon and polemarch) selected by lot for one-year terms. The duties of the βασιλεύς were primarily religious in nature (overseeing festivals, sacrifices, sacred land, and trials pertaining to religious matters).

δοκιμαζομένῳ: “The help referred to here [συμπαραγενόμενος] could consist of general advice on the dokimasia process, including details such as the choice and presentation of witnesses, appearance as witness or (if an objection was lodged) assistance with the presentation of the case” (Carey 1992: 122).

συνευπορήσας < συνευπορέω; the participle modifies Στέφανος οὑτοσί, below.

ἀναλωμάτων: i.e., the costs the βασιλεύς incurred in purchasing new clothing appropriate for his office, and furniture or other equipment necessary for his religious duties. (Note that Stephanos, earlier presented as a poor man with only an οἰκίδιον, is now portrayed as rich, since in this instance it helps Apollodoros’ case.)

εἰσῄει < εἰσ-εἶμι; the subject is Theogenes.

ὑπελθών < ὑπέρχομαι, “getting into his good graces”

τὴν ἀρχήν: “a magistracy,” namely the post of πάρεδρος

πάρεδρος: each of the three major archons had two πάρεδροι or assistants, whom they selected for themselves, and who themselves had to undergo a δοκιμασία. In none of our sources are the exact duties of πάρεδροι spelled out.

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ἔθυε τὰ ἄρρητα ἱερά: “made the secret sacrificial offerings,” part of the Anthesteria, a festival held in honor of Dionysos on the 11^th, 12^th, and 13^th of Anthesterion (February/March). The first day of the festival was called the Pithoigia, on which wine jars were opened; the second day was the Choes, a day of drinking and revelry; and the third was the Chytroi, which commemorated the dead. Most likely the sacrifices being referred to here are those on the second day, the Choes; however, it is possible Apollodoros is condensing events that actually took place over the entire festival.

προσῆκεν: impersonal use, with accusative person + infinitive

οὖσα: concessive circumstantial participle

ἀλλ’ ἤ: “except”

ἡ τοῦ βασιλέως γυνή: the wife of the βασιλεύς played a special role in the religious life of the city, including being “married off” to Dionysos in a special ceremony; this was a way of ritually incorporating Dionysos (who comes from afar) into the city.

ἐξώρκωσεν < ἐξορκόω, “administered the oath to”

γεραράς: literally, “the revered women,” a term used for priestesses of Dionysos selected by the βασιλεύς for a one-year term.

ὑπηρετούσας < ὑπηρετέω (+ dat.); governs ἱεροῖς, “rites, sacrifices”

γυνή: take as predicate.

τά πάτρια: “ancestral customs”

οἷόν τ’ ἐστίν: οἷός τ’ εἰμί is an idiomatic way of saying “to be able”; here it is impersonal: “it is possible” (+ dat. of person).

πῶς ποιῆσαί γε τῇ ἐπιτυχούσῃ εὐσεβῶς ἔχει: “how is it pious for any chance person to do.” The direct object of ποιῆσαι is the preceding clause. ἐπιτυχούσῃ < ἐπιτυγχάνω: as a substantive participle, often has the sense of “any chance person”

ἄλλως τε καί: “especially”

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ἀκριβέστερον: comparative adverb

καθ’ ἕκαστον: “each at a time,” i.e., “one by one”

τιμωρίας: gen. object of ἐπιμέλειαν

οἴσετε < φέρω, + ψῆφον, “to give a vote”

τῆς...εὐλαβείας: genitive governed by an implied ὑπέρ

ἠσεβημένων < ἀσεβέω; participle here in neuter

τό...ἀρχαῖον: adverbial accusative

δυναστεία: Apollodoros simplifies the development of Athenian monarchy (from the kings to the βασιλεύς archon) by compressing it into two stages.

ἀεί: “at any given time” (see §46)

ὑπερεχόντων < ὑπερέχω: as substantive, has the sense of “the powerful, those having authority”; here, genitive of possession

αὐτόχθονας: the Athenians defined themselves as native inhabitants of their land, literally sprung from the earth of Attica (i.e., “autochthonous”).