1. The Lord cautions the Israelites not to rebel against the protector he has set for them:

τὸ γὰρ ὄνομά μού ἐστιν ἐπ’ αὐτῷ.

LXX Ex. 23:21

 

2. The Lord specifies how he speaks to Moses:

στόμα κατὰ στόμα λαλήσω αὐτῷ, ἐν εἴδει καὶ οὐ δι’ αἰνιγμάτων...

LXX Num. 12:8

 

3. Moses recounts a message sent to Sihon, requesting travel across the River Jordan and:

εἰς τὴν γῆν, ἣν κύριος ὁ θεὸς ἡμῶν δίδωσιν ἡμῖν.

LXX Deut. 2:29

 

In sentences 4-7, notice that the relative pronoun has been “attracted” to the case of its antecedent, rather than representing the case it should be in its relative clause. When this happens, it is almost always when the antecedent is in the genitive or dative case, and the case that it is replacing is the accusative.

4. Moses relays the Lord’s blessings for the Israelites:

ἐπὶ τῆς γῆς, ἧς κύριος ὁ θεός σου δίδωσίν σοι...

LXX Deut. 4:40

 

5. Moses advises where they might hear of someone worshipping other gods:

ἐν μιᾷ τῶν πόλεών σου, ὧν κύριος ὁ θεός σου δίδωσίν σοι…

LXX Deut. 13:13

 

6. In discussing the sabbatical year, Moses again invokes the blessings that the Lord promises:

ἐν τῇ γῇ, ᾗ κύριος ὁ θεός σου δίδωσίν σοι…

LXX Deut. 15:4

 

7. Moses relays the Lord’s rule that the Israelites appoint judges:

ἐν πάσαις ταῖς πόλεσίν σου, αἷς κύριος ὁ θεός σου δίδωσίν σοι...

LXX Deut. 16:18

 

8. The prophet Isaiah quotes the Lord in order to encourage King Hezekiah:

ἰδοὺ ἐγὼ δίδωμι ἐν αὐτῷ πνεῦμα…

LXX 4 Kings 19:7

 

9. The Lord (Κύριος) agrees to hand over Job to the Slanderer (Διάβολος):

Ἰδοὺ πάντα, …, δίδωμι ἐν τῇ χειρί σου. Ἰδοὺ παραδίδωμί σοι αὐτόν.

LXX Job 1:12, 2:6

 

10. Mattathias encourages his sons with an example of virtue being rewarded:

Δανιηλ ἐν τῇ ἁπλότητι αὐτοῦ ἐρρύσθη ἐκ στόματος λεόντων.

LXX 1 Macc. 2:60

 

11. From a Psalm:

σῶσόν με ἐκ στόματος λέοντος...

LXX Ps. 21:22

 

12. From the opening of a Psalm:

κλίνατε τὸ οὖς ὑμῶν εἰς τὰ ῥήματα τοῦ στόματός μου· ἀνοίξω ἐν παραβολαῖς τὸ στόμα μου…

LXX Ps. 77:1-2

 

13. The end of a Psalm:

οὗτός ἐστιν ὁ θεὸς ὁ θεὸς ἡμῶν εἰς τὸν αἰῶνα καὶ εἰς τὸν αἰῶνα τοῦ αἰῶνος· αὐτὸς ποιμανεῖ ἡμᾶς εἰς τοὺς αἰῶνας.

LXX Ps. 47:14

 

14. From a prophecy:

καὶ ἐξαρῶ τὸ αἷμα αὐτῶν ἐκ στόματος αὐτῶν...

LXX Zech. 9:7

 

15. John speaks of those becoming children of God:

οἳ οὐκ ἐξ αἱμάτων οὐδὲ ἐκ θελήματος σαρκὸς οὐδὲ ἐκ θελήματος ἀνδρὸς ἀλλ’ ἐκ θεοῦ ἐγεννήθησαν.

Κατὰ Ἰωάννην 1:13

 

16. From Jesus’ conversation with Nicodemus on being born again:

τὸ γεγεννημένον ἐκ τῆς σαρκὸς σάρξ ἐστιν, καὶ τὸ γεγεννημένον ἐκ τοῦ πνεύματος πνεῦμά ἐστιν.

Κατὰ Ἰωάννην 1:13

 

17. Jesus the good shepherd:

ἐγώ εἰμι ὁ ποιμήν ὁ καλός... καὶ τὴν ψυχήν μου τίθημι ὑπὲρ τῶν προβάτων.

Κατὰ Ἰωάννην 10:14-15

 

18. Clement of Alexandria describes Jesus as the ultimate tutor and invokes the image of the good shepherd:

ὁ γὰρ ἀγαθὸς ποιμὴν τὴν ψυχὴν ἑαυτοῦ τίθησιν ὑπὲρ τῶν προβάτων.

Clement of Alexandria Pedagogue 1.11.97

 

19. Paul closes a section of his letter to the Romans with words on the omnipotence of God:

ὅτι ἐξ αὐτοῦ καὶ δι’ αὐτοῦ καὶ εἰς αὐτὸν τὰ πάντα· αὐτῷ ἡ δόξα εἰς τοὺς αἰῶνας· ἀμήν.

Πρὸς Ῥωμαίους 11:36

 

20. Paul discusses unity:

εἷς θεὸς καὶ πατὴρ πάντων, ὁ ἐπὶ πάντων καὶ διὰ πάντων καὶ ἐν πᾶσιν.

πρὸς Ἐφεσίους 4:6

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    Notes

    1. μου my

    2. λαλήσω (1st sg. fut.) I will speak

    εἴδει (dat sg) from εἴδος, εἴδους,  τό form, figure

    αἰνιγμάτων from αἴνιγμα, αἰνίγματος, τό riddle

    3. γῆν (acc sg) from γῆ, γῆς, ἡ earth, land

    ἡμῶν our

    ἡμῖν (dat pl) us

    κύριος (nom sg) from κύριος, κυρίου, ὁ lord

    θεός (nom sg) from θεός, θεοῦ, ὁ god

    4. γῆς (gen sg) from γῆ, γῆς, ἡ earth, land

    κύριος (nom sg) from κύριος, κυρίου, ὁ lord

    θεός (nom sg) from θεός, θεοῦ, ὁ god

    σου your

    σοι (dat sg) you

    5. μιᾷ (dat sg) ἡ one

    πόλεων (gen pl) from πόλις, πόλεως, ἡ city

    κύριος (nom sg) from κύριος, κυρίου, ὁ lord

    θεός (nom sg) from θεός, θεοῦ, ὁ god

    σου your

    σοι (dat sg) you

    6. γῇ (dat sg) from γῆ, γῆς, ἡ earth, land

    κύριος (nom sg) from κύριος, κυρίου, ὁ lord

    θεός (nom sg) from θεός, θεοῦ, ὁ god

    σου your

    σοι (dat sg) you

    7. πάσαις (dat pl) ἡ all

    πόλεσιν (dat pl) from πόλις, πόλεως, ἡ city

    σου your

    κύριος (nom sg) from κύριος, κυρίου, ὁ lord

    θεός (nom sg) from θεός, θεοῦ, ὁ god

    σοι (dat sg) you

    8. ἰδού look!

    ἐγώ (nom sg) I

    9. ἰδού look!

    πάντα (nom/acc pl) τό all, everything

    χειρί from χείρ, χειρός, ἡ hand

    σου your

    σοι (dat sg) you

    10. ἁπλότητι from ἁπλότης ἁπλότητος ἡ singularity, generosity

    ἐρρύσθη (3rd sg) was protected

    λεόντων from λέων, λέοντος, ὁ lion

    11. σῶσον save (a command)

    με (acc sg) me

    λέοντος from λέων, λέοντος, ὁ lion

    12. κλίνατε lean (a command)

    ὑμῶν your, y’all’s

    ἀνοίξω (1st sg) I will open

    μου my

    παραβολαῖς (dat pl) from παραβολή, παραβολῆς, ἡ parable

    13. οὗτος (mas. nom. sg.) this

    θεός (nom sg) from θεός, θεοῦ, ὁ god

    ἡμῶν our

    ποιμανεῖ (3rd sg) shepherds

    ἡμᾶς (acc pl) us

    14. ἐξαρῶ (1st sg) I will take out

    15. σαρκὸς from σάρξ, σαρκός ἡ flesh

    ἀνδρὸς from ἀνήρ, ἀνδρός ὁ man

    θεοῦ (gen sg) from θεός, θεοῦ, ὁ god

    ἐγεννήθησαν (3rd pl) were born

    16. γεγεννημένον (nom/acc sg) τό what is born

    σαρκὸς from σάρξ, σαρκός ἡ flesh

    17. ἐγώ (nom sg) I

    ποιμήν from ποιμήν, ποιημένος, ὁ shepherd

    καλός (nom sg) ὁ good, beautiful

    ψυχήν (acc sg) from ψυχή, ψυχῆς, ἡ life, soul, breath

    μου my

    προβάτων (gen pl) from πρόβατον, προβάτου, τό sheep

    18. ἀγαθός (nom sg) ὁ good

    ποιμήν from ποιμήν, ποιημένος, ὁ shepherd

    ψυχήν (acc sg) from ψυχή, ψυχῆς, ἡ life, soul, breath

    ἑαυτοῦ his own

    προβάτων (gen pl) from πρόβατον, προβάτου, τό sheep

    19. In sentences that lack a verb, it is almost always a good idea to supply a form of the verb εἰμί.

    πάντα (nom/acc pl) τό everything

    δόξα (nom sg) from δόξα, δόξης, ἡ glory

    20. εἷς (nom sg) ὁ one

    θεός (nom sg) from θεός, θεοῦ, ὁ god

    πατὴρ from πατήρ, πατρός ὁ father

    πάντων (gen pl) τό everything

    New Vocabulary

    Vocabulary List 1

    Prepositions + Accusative Case

    ἀμφί around, about

    ἀνά up, through

    διά because of

    εἰς/ἐς into

    ἐπί against

    κατά down, along, according to

    μετά after, behind

    παρά to, throughout, against

    περί near, around

    πρός toward

    ὑπέρ above, over, beyond

    ὑπό under

     

    Vocabulary List 2

    Prepositions + Dative Case

    ἀμφί around, near

    ἀνά upon

    ἐν in

    ἐπί on, for the purpose of, because of

    παρά with, near

    περί about

    πρός by, in addition to

    σύν with (the help of)

    ὑπό under

     

    Vocabulary List 3

    Prepositions + Genitive Case

    ἀμφί around, for the sake of

    ἀντί opposite, instead of, for the sake of

    ἀπό from

    διά through

    ἐκ from

    ἐπί on, at

    κατά  down, against

    μετά with

    παρά from

    περί about

    πρό before, in front of

    πρός toward, (swear) by

    ὑπέρ over, on behalf of

    ὑπό under, by

     

    Vocabulary List 4

    Prepositions as Prefixes

    ἀμφί around

    ἀνά up

    ἀντί back

    ἀπό from

    διά through

    εἰς into

    ἐκ out of

    ἐν in

    ἐπί on

    κατά down

    μετά with

    παρά beside, to

    περί around

    πρό before

    πρός toward

    σύν with

    ὑπέρ above

    ὑπό under 

    Previous Vocabulary

    ἀγών ἀγῶνος ὁ contest

    αἷμα αἵματος τό blood

    αἰών αἰῶνος ὁ age, eternity

    ἀλλά but

    ἀμφί (prep. + gen.) around, for the sake of; (prep. + dat.) around, near; (prep. + acc.) around, about

    ἀνά (prep. + dat.) upon; (prep. + acc.) up, through

    ἀνίστημι raise, appoint

    ἀντί (prep. + gen.) opposite, instead of, for the sake of

    ἀπό (prep. + gen.) from

    ἀποδίδωμι give back

    ἀπόλλυμι kill, destroy

    ἄρα therefore

    ἄρχων ἄρχοντος ὁ ruler

    αὐτός αὐτή αὐτό self, same, he/she/it

    ἀφίημι send forth; let go, allow

    γάρ for

    γράμμα γράμματος τό letter

    δαίμων δαίμονος ὁ divinity

    δέ and, but

    δείκνυμι show

    διά (prep. + gen.) through; (prep. + acc.) because of

    δίδωμι give

    διό therefore

    εἰ, εἴπερ if

    εἰς/ἐς (prep. + acc.) into

    εἰμί be

    εἴτε…εἴτε either…or

    ἐκ (prep. + gen.) from

    ἐκεῖνος ἐκείνη ἐκεῖνο that

    ἐλπίς ἐλπίδος ἡ hope

    ἐν (prep. + dat.) in

    ἐπεί after, since, when

    ἐπί (prep. + gen.) on, at; (prep. + dat.) on, for the purpose of, because of; (prep. + acc.) against

    ἐπιτίθημι put on

    ἕως until, while

    ζεύγνυμι yoke, join together

    but

    ἡγεμών ἡγεμόνος ὁ guide, commander

    θέλημα θέλματος τό will, wish, desire

    ἵημι throw

    ἵνα where

    ἵστημι stand

    καθίστημι set down, establish

    καί and

    κατά (prep. + gen.) down, against; (prep. + acc.) down, along, according to

    μέν…δέ on the one hand... on the other hand

    μετά (prep. + gen.) with; (prep. + acc.) after, behind

    μέχρι until

    μή no, not (moods other than indicative)

    μήτε and not (with moods other than indicative)

    μήτε…μήτε neither…nor (with moods other than indicative)

    μίγνυμι mix

    μυριάς μυριάδος ἡ ten thousand; countless

    νύξ νυκτός ἡ night

    ὅδε, ἥδε, τόδε this

    ὄμνυμι swear (an oath); swear to

    ὄνομα ὀνόματος τό name

    ὅθεν from where

    ὅς, ἥ, ὅ who, which, that

    ὅσπερ, ἥπερ, ὅπερ the same/very one(s) who, which, that

    ὅστις, ἥτις, ὅ τι anyone who, anything which, whoever, whatever

    ὅτε when

    ὅτι because

    οὐ, οὐκ, οὐχ no, not (indicative mood)

    οὖν therefore

    οὖς, ὠτός τό ear

    οὔτε and not (with indicative mood)

    οὔτε…οὔτε neither…nor (with indicative mood)

    παῖς, παιδός ὁ child

    παρά (prep. + gen.) from; (prep. + dat.) with, near; (prep. + acc.) to, throughout, against

    παραδίδωμι hand over, deliver

    πάρειμι be present

    παρίστημι present, offer, supply

    πατρίς πατρίδος ἡ fatherland

    περί (prep. + gen.) about; (prep. + dat.) about; (prep. + acc.) near, around

    πνεῦμα πνεύματος τό wind, breath, spirit

    πούς, ποδός ὁ foot

    πρᾶγμα πράγματος τό thing; (pl.) circumstances, affairs, business

    πρίν (w/indicative verbs) until; (w/infinitive verbs) before

    πρό (prep. + gen.) before, in front of

    πρός (prep. + gen.) toward, (swear) by; (prep. + dat.) by, in addition to; (prep. + acc.) toward

    προστίθημι add to

    ῥήγνυμι break, shatter

    ῥῆμα ῥήματος τό word, saying

    σκεδάννυμι scatter, disperse

    σπέρμα σπέρματος τό seed, offspring

    στόμα στόματος τό mouth

    σύν (prep. + dat.) with (the help of)

    σχῆμα σχήματος τό form, appearance

    σῶμα σώματος τό body

    τε and

    τίθημι put, place, make

    τις, τι (enclitic) someone, something, anyone, anything

    τίς, τί who? what? which?

    τοίνυν therefore

    ὕδωρ, ὕδατος τό water

    ὑπάρχοντα ὑπαρχόντων τά circumstances, property

    ὑπέρ (prep. + gen.) over, on behalf of; (prep. + acc.) above, over, beyond

    ὑπό (prep. + gen.) under, by; (prep. + dat.) under; (prep. + acc.) under

    φημί say, assert

    φῶς, φωτός τό light

    χρῆμα χρήματος τό thing; (pl.) money

    ὡς as

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