ἵστημι, Verbs with Both First and Second Aorist Forms

29.6 Note the THIRD PRINCIPAL PART of another common Greek –μι verb: ἵστημι, στήσω, ἔστησα/ἔστην (stem: στη/στα-). This verb has both a FIRST and ATHEMATIC SECOND AORIST form! Note also that, unlike the previous three verbs, this verb keeps its long stem vowel (στη-) throughout the singular and plural for both aorist forms.

29.7

(cf. S 416, G 367)

29.8 Verbs with First and Second Aorist Forms

Most verbs are formed only in the FIRST or SECOND AORIST. If, however, a verb has BOTH a first and second aorist form, it is often the case that the FIRST AORIST is TRANSITIVE, and the SECOND AORIST is INTRANSITIVE. For example:

• ἵστημι, στήσω, ἔστησα/ἔστην stand
  • ἔστησα I stood (something) up.
  • ἔστην I stood up.
• φύω, φύσω, ἔφυσα/ἔφυν produce, grow
  • ἔφυσα I grew (something).
  • ἔφυν I grew.