(1) Annō quārtō, postquam ad Ītaliam Hannibal vēnit, M. Claudius Mārcellus cōnsul apud Nōlam cīvitātem Campāniae contrā Hannibalem bene pūgnāvit. Hannibal multās cīvitātēs Rōmānōrum per Āpūliam, Calābriam, Brittiōs occupāvit.
(2) Quō tempore etiam rēx Macedoniae Philippus ad eum lēgātōs mīsit prōmittēns auxilia contrā Rōmānōs sub hāc condiciōne, ut dēlētīs Rōmānīs ipse quoque contrā Graecōs ab Hannibale auxilia acciperet.
(3) Captīs igitur lēgātīs Philippī et rē cognitā Rōmānī in Macedoniam M. Valerium Laevīnum īre iussērunt, in Sardiniam T. Mānlium Torquātum prōcōnsulem. Nam etiam ea sollicitāta ab Hannibale Rōmānōs dēseruerat.
notes
Battle Near Nola, 215 BCE
For details, see Livy 23.14–16, 24.17.
(1) apud Nōlam cīvitātem: cīvitātem = urbem (Hazzard). In 215 and 214 BCE Marcus Claudius Marcellus beat off two attempts by Hannibal to capture Nola, even though Capua and most of southern Italy had gone over to the Carthaginians (Bird).
per Āpūliam, Calābriam, Brittiōs: Apulia, Calabria, and the land of Brutti (also spelled Brittii) are all regions of southern Italy.
(2) Quō tempore: eō tempore, connecting relative referring to the time period of the previous sentence (AG 308.f)
rēx Macedoniae Philippus: Although Philip promised aid, he never gave it. Owing to his frequent struggles with the states of Greece, and the invasion of Macedonia by the Romans, he was compelled to devote his undivided attention to preserving his realm (Hazzard).
ad eum: Hannibalem
dēlētīs Rōmānīs: ablative absolute using a perfect passive participle (AG 419)
ipse: Philippus
acciperet: indirect command signaled by ut (AG 563)
(3) Captīs igitur lēgātīs Philippī et rē cognitā: two ablative absolutes using perfect passive participles (AG 419)
M. Valerium Laevīnum: Marcus Valerius Laevinus was consul in 220 BCE.
T. Mānlium Torquātum: In 215 a revolt in Sardinia encouraged the Carthaginians to send a small force to seize the island (Livy 23.34) (Bird). Titus Manlius Torquatus, consul of 235 BCE, was sent to suppress the uprising.
prōcōnsulem: "former consul." At the expiration of his term of office the consul was given a province to govern, under the title of proconsul (Hazzard).
ea: Sardinia
vocabulary
Core Vocabulary | Numbers | Dates
| Hannibal, alis, m. |
the son of Hamilcar Barca, the great general of the Carthaginians in the second Punic war |
|
| M. |
M., abbreviation of the praenomen Marcus; M'., abbreviation of the praenomen Manius |
|
| Claudius, ī, m. |
the name of one of the oldest and most famous of the Roman gentes. (1.) Claudius I. Tib. Claudius Drusus Nero, Roman emperor, 41–54 A.D.; (2) Claudius II., M. Aurelius Claudius Gothicus, Roman emperor, 268–270 A.D. |
|
| Mārcellus, ī, m. |
the name of a famous Roman family; (1) M. Claudius Mārcellus, consul 222 B.C.; (2) (M.) Claudius Mārcellus, consul 166 B.C.; (3) (M.) Claudius Mārcellus, consul 51 B.C. |
|
| Nōla, ae, f. | a city in Campania in Italy | |
| Campānia, ae, f. |
a district of Italy on the western side, south of Latium |
|
| Apūlia, ae, f. |
a district in the southeastern part of Italy |
|
| Calābria, ae, f. |
a division of southern Italy |
|
| Macedonia, ae, f. |
an extensive country north of Greece, between Thessaly and Thrace |
|
| Philippus, ī, m. |
(1) Philip V., king of Macedonia 220—178 B.C.; (2) (M. Iūlius) Philippus I., Roman emperor 244–249 A.D.; (3) (M. Iūlius) Philippus II., son of (2); (4) L. Mārcius Philippus, consul 91 B.C.; (5) Q. Mārcius Philippus, consul 186 B.C. |
|
| Bruttiī, ōrum, pl. m. |
a people in the southwestern part of Italy |
|
| dēleō, ēre, ēvī, ētus |
to destroy, overthrow, rain |
|
| Graecī, ōrum, pl. m. | the Greeks | |
| Macedonia, ae, f. |
an extensive country north of Greece, between Thessaly and Thrace |
|
| Valerius, ī, m. |
the name of a Roman gens. |
|
| Laevīnus, ī, m. |
the name of a Roman family. (1) L. Valerius (Laevīnus), consul 206 B.C.; (2) M. Valerius Laevīnus, consul 210 B.C.; (3) P. Valerius Laevīnus, consul 280 B.C. |
|
| Sardinia, ae, f. |
Sardinia, an island in the Mediterranean Sea, west of Italy |
|
| T. |
abbreviation of the praenomen Titus |
|
| Mānlius, ī, m. |
(1) A. Mānlius, consul 241 B.C.; (2) M. Mānlius, consul 105 B.C. |
|
| Torquātus, ī, m. |
(1) T. Mānlius Torquātus, dictator 353 B.C.; (2) T. Mānlius Torquātus, consul 235 B.C. |
|
| prōcōnsul, is [prō, in place of + cōnsul], m. |
a proconsul, governor of a province |
|
| sollicitō, āre, āvī, ātus [sollicitus, agitated] |
to urge, incite, tempt, solicit |