Biblical Readings 9.1

Note: There is a printable version of this reading in the "printables" tab to the right.

For each of the following Greek sentences: 

• Read it aloud.
• Parse each verb and noun.
• Translate each sentence into English. Notes for each of the sentences are below.

1. Jacob wrestles with a man through the night until dawn. His opponent asks to be let go, but Jacob refuses until the mysterious wrestler blesses him. The wrestler asks:
Τί τὸ ὄνομά σού ἐστιν;
When Jacob gives his name (Ἰακώβ) the wrestler says that he has held on to God (Θεός) and renames him Israel (Ἰσραήλ).
LXX Gen. 32:28

τί what?
σου your
 

2. After the Exodus from Egypt, Moses prepares to (re)impose the Sabbath and says:
Τοῦτο τὸ ῥῆμά ἐστιν.
LXX Ex. 16:23
 

τοῦτο (nom/acc sg) τό this.

ῥῆμά  here, "speech." 
 

3. A common formula of rules in Leviticus:
βδέλυγμά ἐστιν.
βδελύγματά ἐστιν ὑμῖν.
LXX Lev. 11

βδέλυγμα, βδελύγματος τό abomination, something sickening, a noun from a declension you will learn in lesson 20.
ὑμῖν (dat pl) y’all.
 

4. The introduction to the catalog of David’s army:
ταῦτα τὰ ὀνόματα τῶν ἀρχόντων τῆς στρατιᾶς
LXX 1 Chron. 12:23
 

στρατιᾶς (gen sg) from στρατιά, στρατιᾶς, ἡ army, a noun from a declension you will learn in lesson 19.

ταῦτα (nom/acc pl) τό these.

5. Job laments his suffering:
τὰ ῥήματά μού ἐστιν φαῦλα
LXX Job 6:4

ῥήματά here, ῥῆμα means "speech."

μου my.
φαῦλα (nom/acc pl) τό trivial, worthless.

6. An admonition from Proverbs:
πρόσεχε ῥήμασιν στόματός μου
LXX Pr 7:24

μου my.

πρόσεχε pay attention! from προσέχω. This is from a mood of the verb which you will learn in lesson 41.

7. The prophet Isaiah quotes God:
ἐγὼ κύριος ὁ θεός, τοῦτό μού ἐστιν τὸ ὄνομα
LXX Is. 42:8

ἐγώ (nom sg) I.

θεός (nom sg) from θεός, θεού, ὁ god, a noun from a declension you will learn in lesson 20.

κύριος (nom sg) from κύριος, κυρίου, ὁ lord, a noun from a declension you will learn in lesson 20.

μου my.
τοῦτο (nom/acc sg) τό this.
 

8. The prophet Hosea is listing the crimes of Israel:
αἵματα ἐφ’ αἵμασιν μίσγουσιν.
LXX Is. 42:8

ἐφ΄ = ἐπί on, to.

μίσγουσιν = μιγνύασιν.

9. In 142 BC, the Maccabean leader Simon and the Seleucid king Demetrius II Nicator came to terms. This comes from Demetrius’ letter to Simon:
ἀφίεμεν δὲ ἀγνοήματα καὶ τὰ ἁμαρτήματα
LXX 1 Maccabees 13:39

ἀγνοήματα from ἀγνόημα, ἀγνόηατος, τό error from ignorance a noun from a declension you will learn in lesson 20.
ἁμαρτήματα from ἁμάρτημα ἁμαρτήματος τό error, mistake, a noun from a declension you will learn in lesson 20.
δέ and.
καί and.

10. From the Last Supper:
τοῦτό ἐστιν τὸ σῶμά μου.
...
Τοῦτό ἐστιν τὸ αἷμά μου
Κατὰ Μαθθαῖον 26:26, 28
Κατὰ Μᾶρκον 14:22, 24
Κατὰ Λουκᾶν 22:19
 

τοῦτο (nom sg) τό this.

μου my.

11. From Jesus’ final speech:
Εἰρήνην ἀφίημι ὑμῖν, εἰρήνην τὴν ἐμὴν δίδωμι ὑμῖν· οὐ καθὼς ὁ κόσμος δίδωσιν ἐγὼ δίδωμι ὑμῖν.
Κατὰ Ἰωάννην 14:27
 

ἐγώ (nom sg) I.

εἰρήνην (acc sg) from εἰρήνη, εἰρήνης, ἡ peace, a noun from a declension you will learn in lesson 19.
ἐμὴν (acc sg) ἡ my.
καθώς as.

κόσμος (nom sg) from κόσμος, κόσμου, ὁ world, a noun from a declension you will learn in lesson 20.
 

ὑμῖν (dat pl) y’all.

12. From the Clementine Homilies: Peter mentions honors often given to those killed by lightning:
τῶν τεθνεώτων ἰδίων μορφῶν ἱστᾶσιν ἀγάλματα.
Homily 9 5.4

τεθνεώτων from τεθνεώς, τεθνεότος ὁ dead.

ἰδίων (gen pl) their.

μορφῶν (gen pl) from μορφή, μορφῆς, ἡ shape, a noun from a declension you will learn in lesson 19.

ἀγάλματα from ἄγαλμα, ἀγάλματος τό statue