Vergil, Aeneid XII 346-382

Parte alia media Eumedes in proelia fertur,

antiqui proles bello praeclara Dolonis,

nomine auum referens, animo manibusque parentem,

qui quondam, castra ut Danaum speculator adiret,

ausus Pelidae pretium sibi poscere currus;350

illum Tydides alio pro talibus ausis

adfecit pretio nec equis aspirat Achilli.

hunc procul ut campo Turnus prospexit aperto,

ante leui iaculo longum per inane secutus

sistit equos biiugis et curru desilit atque355

semianimi lapsoque superuenit, et pede collo

impresso dextrae mucronem extorquet et alto

fulgentem tingit iugulo atque haec insuper addit:

'en agros et, quam bello, Troiane, petisti,

Hesperiam metire iacens: haec praemia, qui me360

ferro ausi temptare, ferunt, sic moenia condunt.'

huic comitem Asbyten coniecta cuspide mittit

Chloreaque Sybarimque Daretaque Thersilochumque

et sternacis equi lapsum ceruice Thymoeten.

ac uelut Edoni Boreae cum spiritus alto365

insonat Aegaeo sequiturque ad litora fluctus,

qua uenti incubuere, fugam dant nubila caelo:

sic Turno, quacumque uiam secat, agmina cedunt

conuersaeque ruunt acies; fert impetus ipsum

et cristam aduerso curru quatit aura uolantem.370

non tulit instantem Phegeus animisque frementem

obiecit sese ad currum et spumantia frenis

ora citatorum dextra detorsit equorum.

dum trahitur pendetque iugis, hunc lata retectum

lancea consequitur rumpitque infixa bilicem375

loricam et summum degustat uulnere corpus.

ille tamen clipeo obiecto conuersus in hostem

ibat et auxilium ducto mucrone petebat,

cum rota praecipitem et procursu concitus axis

impulit effunditque solo, Turnusque secutus380

imam inter galeam summi thoracis et oras

abstulit ense caput truncumque reliquit harenae.

    CORE VOCABULARY

    Eumēdēs, is, m.: a Trojan, 12.346.

    prōlēs, is, f.: that which springs forth; offspring, race, progeny, 1.75; lineage, 3.180.

    praeclārus, a, um: (adj.), very clear or bright; illustrious, splendid, 4.655.

    Dolōn, ōnis, m.: a Trojan spy, 12.347.

    avus, ī, m.: a grandfather, grandsire, 2.457; sire, father, ancestor, 6.840.

    manus, ūs, f.: the hand, 1.487; freq.; (meton.), action, movement of the hand; work, art, handiwork, 3.486; prowess, heroic deed, action, 2.434; force, violence, 2.645; a collection of persons; a band, crew, troop; an army, 2.29; forces, 5.623; multitude, 6.660; pl., manūs, workmen, 11.329; dare manūs, to yield, 11.558; extrēma manus, the finishing hand or touch, 7.572.

    Danaī, ōrum, m.: the Greeks, 2.327.

    speculātor, ōris, m.: a lookout; scout, spy, 12.349. (speculor)

    Pēlīdēs, ae, m.: 1. The son of Peleus, Achilles, 2.548. 2. Neoptolemus or Pyrrhus, grandson of Peleus, 2.263, et al.

    Tӯdīdēs, ae, m.: the son of Tydeus, Diomedes or Diomed, 1.97, et al.

    ausum, ī, n.: a daring deed; outrage, 2.535.

    nec or neque: (adv. and conj.), and not; neither, nor, 1.643, et al.; in prohibition, 3.394, et al.; neque (nec) — neque (nec), neither — nor, 5.21, et al.; nec — et, or -que, may be rendered neither — nor, 12.801; 2.534; nec nōn, and also, nor less, 6.183; nec nōn et, and also, 1.707.

    adspīrō, āvī, ātus, 1, a. and n.: to breathe to or upon, 5.607; breathe or emit fragrance, 1.694; (fig.), inspire, 9.525; aid, favor, prosper, 2.385; aspire, 12.352.

    Achillēs, is (eos or ī), m.: the son of Peleus, king of Thessaly, and Thetis, daughter of Nereus, 1.468, et al.

    Turnus, ī, m.: the chief of the Rutulians, 7.56, et al.

    prōspiciō, spexī, spectus, 3, n. and a.: to look forth, forward; to see afar, in the distance, descry, see, 3.648; to look forth or out upon, w. dat., 1.127. (prō and speciō, look)

    aperiō, uī, tus, 4, a.: to uncover, lay bare, 1.107; throw open, open, 2.60; disclose to the view, 3.206; disclose, reveal, 6.12; (pass.), aperīrī, to appear, 8.681; p., apertus, a, um, opened, 8.585; unguarded, 11.748; adj., open, 1.155; clear, pure, 1.587. (ab and root par, whence pariō)

    iaculum, ī, n.: a thing hurled; a spear, dart, or javelin, 3.46, et al. (iaciō)

    ināne, is, n.: void space, a void, 12.354.

    sistō, stitī, status, 3, a. and n.: to cause to stand, put, set, place, w. abl. of place, 2.245, et al.; place before one, bring, 4.634; fix, plant, 10.323; stop, 12.355; arrest, stay, 6.465; support, sustain, maintain, 6.858; set, place, 6.676; n., stand still, to stop, remain, abide, 3.7; stand in fight, 11.873.

    biiugus, a, um: adj. (bis and iugum), of a two-horse team or chariot; coupled, yoked, 10.253; chariot-, 5.144; subst. biiugī, ōrum, m., a double team or two-horse chariot, 10.575.

    dēsiliō, uī, sultus, 4, n.: to leap or spring down; alight from, 10.453. (dē and saliō)

    sēmianimis (in hexam. poetry pron. semyanimis), e: (adj.), half alive; dying, 4.686.

    lābor, lapsus sum, 3, dep. n.: to slide, glide down, or slip, freq.; fall down, 2.465; ebb, 11.628; pass away, 2.14; descend, 2.262; glide, sail, skim along, 8.91; flow, 3.281; fall, perish, 2.430; decline, 4.318; faint, 3.309.

    superveniō, vēnī, ventus, 4, n.: to come over or upon; come unexpectedly; fall upon, 12.356.

    collum, ī, n.: the neck of men and animals, 1.654, et al.; of a plant, 9.436; pl., the neck, 11.692.

    imprimō, pressī, pressus, 3, a.: to press into, on, or upon, 4.659; impress, mark; engrave, chase, 5.536. (1. in and premō)

    mūcrō, ōnis, m.: a sharp point or edge, esp. of a weapon, 2.333; point of a spear, 11.817; a sword, blade, 2.449.

    extorqueō, torsī, tortus, 2, a.: to wrest out of, w. dat., 12.357.

    fulgēns, entis: gleaming, flashing, 2.749; glowing, bright, 9.614. (fulgeō)

    tingō, tīnxī, tīnctus, 3, a.: to wet; moisten, 3.665; wash, dip, bathe, 1.745; imbrue, 12.358.

    iugulum, ī, n.: the joining part; the throat, 10.415, et al. (rel. to iungō)

    īnsuper: (adv.), above, over, upon, 1.61; moreover, 2.593; (prep. w. abl.), besides, 9.274.

    ēn: (interj.), lo! behold! with nom., 1.461; in indignation, 4.597.

    Trōiānus, a, um: adj. (Trōia), Trojan, 1.19; subst., Trōiānus, ī, m., a Trojan, 1.286; pl., Trōiānī, ōrum, m., the Trojans, 5.688.

    Hesperia, ae, f.: the western land; Italy, 1.569, et al.

    mētior, mēnsus sum, 4, dep. a.: to measure, 12.360; traverse.

    Asbȳtēs, ae, m.: a Trojan, 12.362.

    coniciō, iēcī, iectus, 3, a.: to throw together; pile up, 5.662; throw, cast, hurl, 2.545; turn, 12.483. (com- and iaciō)

    cuspis, idis, f.: a spear point, 7.817; point, 5.208; spear, lance, javelin; a spear, 12.386; a spear or, perhaps, the shaft of a spear as a scepter, 1.81.

    Chlōreus (dissyll.), eī and eos, m.: Chloreus, a Trojan, priest of Cybele, 11.768.

    Sybaris, is, m.: a Trojan warrior, 12.363.

    Darēs, ētis (acc. Darēta and Daren), m.: Dares, a Trojan boxer, 5.369.

    Thersilochus, ī, m.: 1. A Paeonian allied with the Trojans, and slain by Achilles, 6.483. 2. A Trojan.

    sternāx, ācis: adj. (sternō), throwing flat; throwing the rider; plunging, 12.364.

    cervīx, īcis, f.: the neck, including the back or nape of the neck, 1.477, et al.

    Thymoetēs, ae, m.: a Trojan, 2.32, et al.

    atque, or ac: (conj.), and in addition, or and besides; and, as well, and indeed, and, 1.575; freq.; even, 2.626; in comparisons, as, 4.90; than, 3.561.

    Ēdōnus, a, um: (adj.), pertaining to the Edoni, a people of southern Thrace; Edonian, Thracian, 12.365.

    Boreās, ae, m.: the north wind, 3.687; the god of the north wind, Boreas, son of the river-god Strymon (others, the north), 10.350.

    altum, ī, n.: the deep; the lofty; the deep sea, the main, the deep, 1.3; the sky, heaven, air, 1.297; from far, far-fetched, remote, 8.395. (altus)

    īnsonō, uī, 1, n.: to sound within; resound, snap, 5.579; (w. acc.), sound, crack (as to, or with) the lash, 7.451.

    Aegaeus, a, um: (adj.), Aegaean; pertaining to the Aegaean, 3.74.

    incumbō, cubuī, cubitus, 3, n.: to lay one's self upon; lean or recline upon; (w. dat.), lie on or stretch over, 2.205; fall upon, 1.84; bend to, ply, 5.15; hasten, urge, press on, 2.653; overhang, 2.514; press or bend toward, 5.325; (w. ad and acc.), lean, hang, incline, 8.236; absolute, bend to, urge on the work, 4.397.

    nūbilus, a, um: adj. (nūbēs), cloudy; subst., nūbilum, ī, cloudy weather; pl., nūbila, ōrum, clouds, 3.586.

    quācumque: (adv.), by whatever way, wherever; by whatever means, by all means, wherever; separated by tmesis, 11.762.

    secō, secuī, sectus, 1, a.: to cut, freq.; cut off, 4.704; engrave, carve, 3.464; cut through, cleave, 5.218, et al.; of the channel of a river, 8.63; sail through, pass, 8.96; speed, 6.899; shape out mentally, form, 10.107.

    ruō, ruī, rutus, 3, n. and a.: to fall with violence; tumble down, fall, freq.; fall in battle, 10.756; of the sun, go down, set, 3.508; rush forward, 2.64; of the chariot of Nox, hasten up; ascend, rise, 2.250; advance, 10.256; plunge, rush, 2.353; flee, 12.505; tremble, quake, 8.525; hasten, pass away, 6.539; cause to fall; cast down, 9.516; plow, 1.35; cast, throw up, 1.85; throw up or together, 11.211.

    impetus, ūs, m.: an attack; a strong impulsion; pressure, impulse, impetus, 5.219; vehemence, violence, 2.74. (impetō, attack)

    crista, ae, f.: a crest, plume, 3.468; helmet, 7.185.

    quatiō, no perf., quassus, 3, a.: to shake, freq.; brandish, 11.767; flap, 3.226; shatter, 2.611; make tremble, 5.200; thrill, penetrate, 3.30; ransack, beat up, search, scour, 11.513; torment, 6.571; assault, 9.608; spur, 12.338.

    volō, āvī, ātus, 1, n.: to fly, 1.300, et al.; of rumor, to be spread rapidly, noised or spread abroad, 3.121.

    īnstō, stitī, 1, n.: to stand on or upon; w. dat., acc., inf., or alone; w. dat., to stand on, 11.529; stand or hang over, 10.196; (w. acc.), to work at, ply work upon, 8.834; (w. inf.), urge on, press on, 1.423; persist, 10.118; (alone), to follow up, press on; pursue, 1.468; struggle, 12.783; be near at hand, approach, threaten, 12.916; to be urgent, important, incumbent, 4.115.

    Phēgeus (dissyll.), ī or eos, m.: 1. A follower of Aeneas, 5.263. 2. Another follower of Aeneas, 12.371.

    fremō, uī, itus, 3, n. and a.: to make a murmuring noise; to roar, 1.56; whinny, neigh, 12.82; raise lamentations, 6.175; whiz, 12.922; resound, 4.668; rage, 5.19; to be fierce, furious, 4.229; fume, rave, 12.535; shout and sing, 4.146; a., rage, rave for, clamor for, 11.453, et al.; ore fremere, applaud, shout applause, 5.385; p., fremēns, entis, raging, 4.229.

    obiciō, iēcī, iectus, 3, a.: to throw against or towards; throw to, 6.421; present, oppose, 2.444; bar against, shut, 9.45; cast upon, 7.480; subject, expose, 4.549; (pass.), to be presented, appear, 5.522; p., obiectus, a, um, thrown towards or against; opposite, projecting, 3.534. (ob and iaciō)

    spūmō, āvī, ātus, 1, n. and a.: to foam, 3.534, et al. (spūma)

    frēnum, ī, n.; in the pl. sometimes frēnī, ōrum: a bit, 4.135; bridle, reins, 3.542; (fig.), 6.100.

    citātus, a, um: swiftly driven or swiftly running, 12.373. (cito -are)

    dētorqueō, torsī, tortus, 2, a.: to turn from; turn off, away, or aside, 5.165; bend, turn, 4.196; return, turn back, 5.832.

    pendeō, pependī, 2, n.: to hang, foll. by abl. alone or w. prep., 2.546, et al.; 5.511; be suspended, 1.106; cling, 9.562; bend, stoop forward, 5.147; (meton.), linger, delay, 6.151; listen, hang upon, 4.79.

    retegō, tēxī, tēctus, 3, a.: to uncover; leave uncovered, unprotected, 12.374; bring to light, reveal, disclose, 1.356; of the sunlight, uncover, unveil, illuminate, 4.119.

    lancea, ae, f.: a lance, light spear, javelin, 12.375.

    īnfīgō, fīxī, fīxus, 3, a.: to fasten in or upon, w. dat. or abl., 1.45, et al; thrust, 12.721; p., īnfīxus, a, um, thrust deeply, deep, 4.689.

    bilīx, īcis: (adj.), two-threaded, double-plaited, 12.375. (bis and cf. licium, thread)

    lōrīca, ae, f.: a leather corselet; a corselet of any material; a hauberk, cuirass, coat of mail, 3.467; 10.485, et al. (lōrum)

    dēgustō, āvī, ātus, 1, a.: to taste of; touch, graze, 12.376.

    clipeus, ī, m., and clipeum, ī, n.: a round shield; a shield, 2.227, et al.

    rota, ae, f.: a wheel, 1.147; (fig.), circle or orbit of time, 6.748.

    praeceps, cipitis: adj. (prae and caput), head foremost; headlong, 2.307; deep, 11.888; hurried, hasty, quick, speedy, 4.573; flying, running swiftly, 2.516; 3.598; rash, impetuous, fiery, 9.685; prolept., ready to sink, 10.232; subst., praeceps, n., a steep, precipice, verge, 2.460; in praeceps, headlong; downwards, 6.578.

    prōcursus, ūs, m.: a running forward, onward course, career, 12.379; charge, onset, 12.711. (prōcurrō)

    concieō, īvī, itus, 2, a.: to call together; incite, to stir up, arouse; enrage, fire, make furious, 9.694; hurl, shoot from, 12.921; disturb, 3.127; (pass.), to be impelled on, dart along, 11.744; hasten, speed, 12.902.

    axis, is, m.: an axle; synecdoche, car, chariot, 5.820; the axis of the heavens, the sky, the heavens, 4.482; the pole; the north pole, the north.

    impellō, pulī, pulsus, 3, a.: to push, thrust, drive to or upon; push onward, impel, 5.242; push, open, 7.621; smite, 1.82; ply, 4.594; put in motion, urge on, 8.3; shoot, 12.856; move, disturb, 3.449; (w. inf.), lead on, impel, induce, persuade, 2.55; force, compel, 1.11.

    effundō, fūdī, fūsus, 3, a.: to pour out or forth; shed, 2.271; throw, cast out, 7.780; cast, 6.339; overthrow, 11.485; bring out, 9.68; unbind, dishevel, 4.509; dissolve, 2.651; let loose, throw out, 5.818; spend, lose, waste, 5.446; of words, utter, 5.780; (pass.), effundī, dart, 5.145; flow, 6.686. (ex and fundō)

    solum, ī, n.: the bottom or ground of anything; soil, earth, ground, 1.367, et al.; land, 3.698; foundation, 10.102; the water beneath a ship, as its support; the water, sea, 5.199; support, table, 7.111.

    galea, ae, f.: a helmet, either of leather or of metal, 3.468, et al.

    thōrāx, ācis, acc. pl., -ācas, m.: a corselet, breastplate, cuirass, 7.633.

    ōra, ae, f.: a margin, border, 12.924; coast, shore, 3.396; region, 2.91; rim, extremity, 10.477; pl., outline, compass, 9.528.

    ēnsis, is, m.: a sword, 2.393, et al.; knife, 2.155.

    truncus, ī, m.: the stem, stock, or trunk of a tree; stem, trunk, 6.207; trunk of the human body, 2.557.

    harēna, ae, f.: sand, 1.112; sandy shore, strand, 1.540; sandy ground, arena; space for races; an arena, 5.336.

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    Suggested Citation

    Christopher Francese and Meghan Reedy, Vergil: Aeneid Selections. Carlisle, Pennsylvania: Dickinson College Commentaries, 2016. ISBN: 978-1-947822-08-5. https://dcc.dickinson.edu/vergil-aeneid/vergil-aeneid-xii-346-382