Vergil, Aeneid XII 18-53

Olli sedato respondit corde Latinus:

'o praestans animi iuuenis, quantum ipse feroci

uirtute exsuperas, tanto me impensius aequum est20

consulere atque omnis metuentem expendere casus.

sunt tibi regna patris Dauni, sunt oppida capta

multa manu, nec non aurumque animusque Latino est;

sunt aliae innuptae Latio et Laurentibus aruis

nec genus indecores. sine me haec haud mollia fatu25

sublatis aperire dolis, simul hoc animo hauri:

me natam nulli ueterum sociare procorum

fas erat, idque omnes diuique hominesque canebant.

uictus amore tui, cognato sanguine uictus

coniugis et maestae lacrimis, uincla omnia rupi;30

promissam eripui genero, arma impia sumpsi.

ex illo qui me casus, quae, Turne, sequantur

bella, uides, quantos primus patiare labores.

bis magna uicti pugna uix urbe tuemur

spes Italas; recalent nostro Thybrina fluenta35

sanguine adhuc campique ingentes ossibus albent.

quo referor totiens? quae mentem insania mutat?

si Turno exstincto socios sum ascire paratus,

cur non incolumi potius certamina tollo?

quid consanguinei Rutuli, quid cetera dicet40

Italia, ad mortem si te (fors dicta refutet!)

prodiderim, natam et conubia nostra petentem?

respice res bello uarias, miserere parentis

longaeui, quem nunc maestum patria Ardea longe

diuidit.' haudquaquam dictis uiolentia Turni45

flectitur; exsuperat magis aegrescitque medendo.

ut primum fari potuit, sic institit ore:

'quam pro me curam geris, hanc precor, optime, pro me

deponas letumque sinas pro laude pacisci.

et nos tela, pater, ferrumque haud debile dextra50

spargimus, et nostro sequitur de uulnere sanguis.

longe illi dea mater erit, quae nube fugacem

feminea tegat et uanis sese occulat umbris.'

    CORE VOCABULARY

    sēdātus, a, um: composed, calm, quiet, 9.30; of the mind, 9.740. (sēdō)

    Latīnus, ī, m.: Latinus, a king of Latium, whose capital was Laurentum, and whose daughter, Lavinia, became the wife of Aeneas, 6.891, et al. (Latium)

    ō: (interj. expressing joy, grief, astonishment, desire, or indignation), O! oh! ah! w. voc., 2.281, et al.; w. sī and the subj., oh that, 11.415; sometimes placed after the word to which it relates, 2.281.

    praestāns, antis, comp., praestantior, ius: excellent, superior, distinguished, 5.361; w. gen., 12.19.

    ferōx, ōcis: adj. (ferus), wild; impetuous; ferocious, fiery, fierce, 5.277; warlike, martial; proud, 12.895.

    exsuperō, āvī, ātus, 1, n. and a.: to be completely above; mount upward, rise on high, 2.759; pass by, 3.698; pass over, 11.905; surpass, excel, 12.20; overrule, 7.591; surmount, 10.658; of wrath, boil over, 12.46.

    tantō: by so much, so much, 6.79. (tantus)

    impēnsē: (adv.), (comp.), impēnsius, with unusual or much outlay; carefully, earnestly, 12.20. (impēnsa)

    expendō, pendī, pēnsus, 3, a.: to weigh out; (fig.), pay; suffer, 6.740; expiate, 2.229.

    Daunus, ī, m.: a mythic king of part of Apulia, father-in-law of Diomedes, and father of Turnus, 10.616.

    manus, ūs, f.: the hand, 1.487; freq.; (meton.), action, movement of the hand; work, art, handiwork, 3.486; prowess, heroic deed, action, 2.434; force, violence, 2.645; a collection of persons; a band, crew, troop; an army, 2.29; forces, 5.623; multitude, 6.660; pl., manūs, workmen, 11.329; dare manūs, to yield, 11.558; extrēma manus, the finishing hand or touch, 7.572.

    nec or neque: (adv. and conj.), and not; neither, nor, 1.643, et al.; in prohibition, 3.394, et al.; neque (nec) — neque (nec), neither — nor, 5.21, et al.; nec — et, or -que, may be rendered neither — nor, 12.801; 2.534; nec nōn, and also, nor less, 6.183; nec nōn et, and also, 1.707.

    innūptus, a, um: (adj.), not veiled; unmarried, virgin-, 2.31.

    Latium, iī, n.: a country of ancient Italy, extending from the left bank of the lower Tiber to Campania, 1.6; (meton.), for Latīnī, the Latins, people of Latium, 10.365, et al. (2. latus; Virgil, 8.323, derives it from lateō)

    Laurēns, entis: adj. (Laurentum), of Laurentum, the ancient capital of Latium; Laurentine, Laurentian, 5.797, et al., subst., Laurentēs, um, pl. m., the Laurentians, 7.63, et al.

    indecor, oris, and indecoris, e: (adj.), disgraceful, bringing disgrace, 7.231; disgraced, infamous, 11.423; unhonored, 11.845.

    hauriō, hausī, haustus, 4, a.: to draw any fluid, 9.23; drink; drain, 1.738; draw blood with a weapon; devour, slay, 2.600; pierce, 10.314; take in with the eyes or ears; receive, 12.26; perceive, see, 4.661; hear, 4.359; strain, thrill, 5.137; suffer, 4.383; conceive, 10.648.

    nāta, ae: a daughter, 1.256. (nascor)

    sociō, āvī, ātus, 1, a.: to make one a socius; to share, unite, associate, 1.600; join in marriage, 12.27. (socius)

    procus, ī, m.: one who asks, a wooer, suitor, 4.534. (procor, ask)

    fās, indecl. n.: divine right or law; duty, justice, 3.55; privilege, 9.96; as predicate with esse, permitted, lawful, proper, incumbent, 1.77, et al. (rel. to for)

    cognātus, a, um: (adj.), near by birth; kindred, 3.502.

    gener, erī: a son-in-law, 2.344, et al.

    impius, a, um: undutiful in sacred relations; iniquitous, impious, 2.163; nefarious, detestable, perfidious, 4.496; with reference to civil war, 6.612; of actions, 4.596.

    Turnus, ī, m.: the chief of the Rutulians, 7.56, et al.

    quantus, a, um: (interrogative adjective) how great; what, 1.719, et al.

    bis: (adv.), twice, 1.381. (in composition bi-)

    tueor, tuitus or tūtus sum, 2, dep. a.: to look at, gaze upon, behold, regard, 4.451, et al.; watch, guard, defend, maintain, protect, 1.564, et al.; p., tūtus, a, um, secure, safe; in safety, 1.243; sure, 4.373; subst., tūtum, ī, n., safety, place of safety, 1.391; pl., tūta, ōrum, safe places, safety, security, 11.882; adv., tūtō, with safety, safely, without danger, 11.381.

    Italus, a, um: Italian, 3.440, et al.; subst., Italī, ōrum, m., the Italians, 1.109. (Ītalia)

    recaleō, 2, n.: to be warm or hot, 12.35.

    Tiberīnus (Thӯbrinus, 12.35), a, um: adj. (Tiberis), pertaining to the Tiber; Tiberine, 1.13, et al.; subst., Tiberīnus, m., the river-god, Tiber; the Tiber, 6.873.

    fluentum, ī, n.: a stream, river, 4.143; current, water, 12.35. (fluō)

    albeō, 2, n.: to be white, 12.36. (albus)

    totiēns (totiēs): num. adj. (tot), so many times, so often, 1.407, et al.

    īnsānia, ae, f.: unsoundness; insanity, madness, folly, frenzy, 2.42; violence, fury, 7.461. (īnsānus)

    exstinguō, stīnxī, stīnctus, 3, a. (pluperf. extīnxem, for extīnxissem, 4.606): to extinguish, put out, quench, 8.267; blot out, extinguish, 6.527; extirpate, kill, destroy, 4.682; p., exstīnctus, a, um, lost, 4.322.

    adsciō, 4, a.: to ally, adopt, 12.38.

    incolumis, e: (adj.), uninjured; unharmed, safe, 2.88.

    potius: (adv.), preferably; rather, 3.654. (potis)

    certāmen, inis, n.: a striving, a struggle; effort, 5.197; combat, emulation, strife, 3.128; battle, war, 8.639; contest, game, 5.286. (certō)

    cōnsanguineus, a, um: adj. (com- and sanguis), having common blood; kindred, 12.40; subst., cōnsanguineus, ī, m., a brother, 6.278; kinsman, 5.771.

    Rutulī, ōrum, m.: the Rutulians, an ancient tribe of Latium dwelling south of the Tiber, 1.266, et al.

    Ītalia, ae (Ī by poetic (epic) license), f.: Italy, 1.2, et al.

    dictum, ī, n.: a thing said; word, 1.197; command, precept, injunction, 1.695; promise, 8.643. (dīcō)

    refūtō, āvī, ātus, 1, a.: to repel; disprove, refute, falsify, disappoint, 12.41.

    cōnūbium (sometimes trisyll.), iī, n.: nuptials, marriage, 1.73; wedlock, nuptial rite, 3.136; marriage tie, nuptial bond, 3.319. (con- and nūbō, wed)

    misereō, uī, itus, 2, n., and misereor, itus sum, 2, dep. n.: to pity, commiserate, have compassion, 2.645; impers., miseret (mē, tē, etc.), w. genit. of the object of pity, it grieves me for, I pity, etc., 5.354. (miser)

    longaevus, a, um: adj. (longus and aevum), of advanced age; aged, 2.525, et al.

    Ārdea, ae, f.: Ardea, the chief town of the Rutulians, 7.411.

    haudquaquam: not at all

    violentia, ae, f.: violence, 11.354; fierceness, impetuosity, fire, passion, fury, rage, 12.9. (violentus)

    flectō, flexī, flexus, 3, a. and n.: to bend; make by twisting, weave, 7.632; turn, guide, 1.156; rein, manage, 9.606; influence, sway, bend, move; retain, check, 12.46.

    magis, and short form, mage: (adv.), in a greater measure; more, 5.94; 10.481; the more, 7.787; for potius, by preference, rather, 5.29; better, 4.452. (rel. to māgnus)

    aegrēscō, 3, inc. n.: to become sick; grow worse, 12.46. (aegreō, to be sick)

    medeor, 2, dep. a. and n.: to heal, cure; (gerund abl. impers.), medendō, by treatment, 12.46.

    possum, potuī, posse, irreg. n.: to be able; can, 1.242, et al.; to avail, have influence, power, 4.382. (potis and sum)

    īnstō, stitī, 1, n.: to stand on or upon; w. dat., acc., inf., or alone; w. dat., to stand on, 11.529; stand or hang over, 10.196; (w. acc.), to work at, ply work upon, 8.834; (w. inf.), urge on, press on, 1.423; persist, 10.118; (alone), to follow up, press on; pursue, 1.468; struggle, 12.783; be near at hand, approach, threaten, 12.916; to be urgent, important, incumbent, 4.115.

    dēpōnō, posuī, positus, 3, a.: to put down or aside; recline, 7.108; put off, from, put on shore, 5.751; lay down, lay, 6.632; lay aside, dismiss, banish, 2.76; (pass., of sickness), to be laid down, dying, despaired of, 12.395.

    lētum, ī, n.: death, destruction, 2.134, et al. (cf. dēleō)

    pacīscor, pactus sum, 3, dep. n.: to make a bargain; to agree upon, stipulate, contract, 4.99; purchase, 12.49; hazard, stake, 5.230; plight, betroth, 10.722.

    dēbilis, e: adj. (dē and habilis), disabled, maimed, crippled, 5.271; feeble, useless, 12.50.

    spargō, sparsī, sparsus, 3, a.: to scatter, strew; cast in fragments, 3.605; disperse, 1.602; shower, hurl, 12.51; sprinkle, 4.512; besprinkle, bedew, stain, 8.645; infuse, 4.486; (fig.), spread abroad, disseminate, 2.98; bring over or upon, diffuse, 7.754.

    nūbēs, is, f.: a cloud, 1.516, et al.; storm, 10.809; the air, 12.856; (fig.), flock, multitude, 7.705.

    fugāx, ācis: adj. (fugiō), swift in flight; fleet, 10.697; timid, 9.591.

    fēmineus, a, um: adj. (fēmina), pertaining to women; female, 9.142; a woman’s, of a woman, 2.584; of women, 4.667; fit for a woman, 12.53.

    occulō, culuī, cultus, 3, a.: to cover up; hide, conceal, 1.312; p., occultus, a, um, secret, hidden, 3.695.

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    Suggested Citation

    Christopher Francese and Meghan Reedy, Vergil: Aeneid Selections. Carlisle, Pennsylvania: Dickinson College Commentaries, 2016. ISBN: 978-1-947822-08-5. https://dcc.dickinson.edu/vergil-aeneid/vergil-aeneid-xii-18-53