Demonstrative Pronouns: That and This

11.5 The next pronoun is the Greek equivalent of that/those. This pronoun has the stem ἐκειν-. It uses the same endings as αὐτός αὐτή αὐτό. Note the accent pattern: it is a PERSISTENT ACCENT on the PENULT, which for this pronoun is long (-ει-). As a result, the length of the ultima determines whether this penult receives a circumflex or an acute accent (S 333, G 208).

11.6 This pronoun can substitute for a noun or be used as a demonstrative adjective to modify a noun. When used as an ADJECTIVE, it always appears in the PREDICATE POSITION.

• οἱ ἄρχοντες διδόασι τὸ ὕδωρ τοῖς παισίν.
  • Τhe rulers are giving water to the children.
• ἐκεῖνοι διδόασι τὸ ὕδωρ τοῖς παισίν ἐκείνοις.
  • Those (rulers) are giving water to those children.
    • ἐκεῖνοι here is a demonstrative pronoun.
    • ἐκείνοις is a demonstrative adjective.

11.7 The next pronoun is the Greek equivalent of this/these. To form this pronoun, the suffix -δε is added to the definite article. Note the accent pattern, which is similar to that of the definite article (S 333, G 206, 209).

11.8 This pronoun can substitute for a noun or be used as a demonstrative adjective to modify a noun. When used as an ADJECTIVE, it always appears in the PREDICATE POSITION.

• οἱ ἄρχοντες διδόασι τὸ ὕδωρ τοῖς παισίν.
  • Τhe rulers are giving water to the children.
• οἵδε διδόασι τὸ ὕδωρ τοῖς παισίν τοῖσδε.
  • These (rulers) give hope to these children.
    • οἵδε here is a demonstrative pronoun.
    • τοῖσδε is a demonstrative adjective.