43.14 The Perfect System: Passive Voice

  • ὁ νόμος γέγραπται or ὁ νόμος γεγραμμένος ἐστίν.
    • The law has been written down.
    • The participle γεγραμμένος is nominative masculine singular, matching the subject, ὁ νόμος. Since the subject is 3rd person singular, so is the form of εἰμί: ἐστίν.
  • οἱ νόμοι γεγραμμένοι εἰσίν.
  • The laws have been written down.
  • The participle γεγραμμένοι is nominative masculine plural, matching the subject, οἱ νόμοι. Since the subject is 3rd person plural, so is the form of εἰμί: εἰσί.

43.15 The Perfect System: Middle Voice

  • ὁ παῖς δέδεικται.
    • The boy has shown himself.
  • οἱ παίδες δεδειγμένοι εἰσί.
    • The boys have shown themselves.
    • The participle δεδειγμένοι is nominative masculine plural, matching the subject, οἱ παίδες. Since the subject is 3rd person plural, so is the form of εἰμί: εἰσί.
  • αἱ γυναῖκες δεδειγμέναι εἰσί.
    • The women have shown themselves.
    • The participle δεδειγμέναι is nominative feminine plural, matching the subject, αἱ γυναῖκες. Since the subject is 3rd person plural, so is the form of εἰμί: εἰσί. 
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Exercises 43