Vergil, Aeneid III 374-440

CORE VOCABULARY

altum, ī, n.: the deep; the lofty; the deep sea, the main, the deep, 1.3; the sky, heaven, air, 1.297; from far, far-fetched, remote, 8.395. (altus)

auspicium, iī, n.: an auspice; omen, token, sign, 3.499; power, authority, 4.103; will, 4.341; conduct, leadership, 11.347. (auspex)

manifēstus, a, um: (adj.), made obvious; palpable, plain, clear, evident, 2.309; manifest, visible, 3.151, et al.

sortior, ītus sum, 4, dep. n. and a.: to cast lots; obtain, get, take by lot, 3.634; share, 8.445; distribute, 3.510; assign, allot, appoint, 3.376; select, choose, 2.18; 12.920. (sors)

volvō, volvī, volūtus, 3, a.: to roll, 1.86; roll along or down, 1.101; roll or cast up, 3.206; toss, hurl, 12.906; roll over, roll in the dust, 12.329; cast, hurl down, 1.116; 9.512; roll, wheel, 1.163; of books, open, unroll, 1.262; of the Fates, fix the circle of events, decree, ordain, dispose, 1.22; 3.376; of the mind, revolve, meditate, reflect upon, 1.305; pass, continue, live through, experience, endure, suffer, 1.9; rotam volvere, to complete a cycle, period; (pass.), volvī, roll over, roll, 10.590; turn or wind about, 7.350; to be shed, to flow, 4.449; roll on, revolve, 1.269.

vicis, gen. f.: a change, turn in affairs; stage, interchange, 6.535; vicissitude, event, 3.376; combat, encounter, peril, 2.433, part, place, post, 3.634; watch, guard, 9.175. (nom. sing. wanting)

paucus, a, um: (adj.), small, little; pl., paucī, ae, a, few, a few.

quō: (final conj.) that, to the end that, in order that, 4.106; quō magis, by how much more, that the more, 4.452.

hospitus, a, um: adj. (hospes), welcoming; friendly, hospitable; foreign, strange, 3.377; friendly, 3.539.

lūstrō, āvī, ātus, 1, a.: to purify by atonement, 3.279; go round the fields with the victims; hence to bless, ask for a blessing on; go or dance around an altar or the image of a god, 7.391; traverse, pass across, around, or over, 1.608; pass in review, parade before, 5.578; run through, 2.528; search, 1.577; observe, survey, 1.453; watch, mark, 11.763; of the sun, illuminate, 4.607. (lūstrum)

Ausonius, a, um: adj. (Auson), Ausonian; Italian, 4.349; subst., Ausoniī, ōrum, m., the Ausonians; Italians, 11.253.

possum, potuī, posse, irreg. n.: to be able; can, 1.242, et al.; to avail, have influence, power, 4.382. (potis and sum)

cōnsīdō, sēdī, sessus, 3, n.: to sit or settle down together or completely; sink, 2.624; sit, 4.573; sit in mourning, 11.350; take a seat, 5.136; alight, 3.245; settle, 10.780; dwell, 1.572; abide, rest, 11.915; to lie at anchor, to anchor, 3.378; to be moored, stationed, 7.431.

portus, ūs, m.: a port, harbor, haven, 1.159, et al; (fig.), 7.598.

expediō, īvī or iī, ītus, 4, a.: to make the foot free; to extricate, disentangle; bring forth, get ready, 1.178; seize, use, 5.209; serve, 1.702; unfold, describe, disclose, 3.379, 460; declare, 11.315; pass. in middle sig., make one’s way out, escape, 2.633. (ex and pēs)

dictum, ī, n.: a thing said; word, 1.197; command, precept, injunction, 1.695; promise, 8.643. (dīcō)

Parca, ae, f.: more freq. pl., Parcae, ārum, f., the Fates (Clotho, the spinner, Lachesis, the allotter, and Atropos, the unaverted), 1.22, et al.

Helenus, ī, m.: a prophet, son of Priam; carried away captive by Pyrrhus to Epirus, where he became the husband of Andromache and ruler of a small kingdom, 3.329, et al.

Sāturnius, a, um: adj. (Sāturnus), belonging to Saturn; Saturnian; sprung from Saturn; Saturnian, 4.372; subst., Sāturnius, iī, m., the son of Saturn, 5.799; Sāturnia, ae, f., 1. Daughter of Saturn, Juno, 1.23; 2. The city of Saturnia, built by Saturn on the Capitoline hill, 8.358.

Iūnō, ōnis, f.: Juno, the Sabine and Roman name for the wife and sister of Jupiter, daughter of Saturn, 1.4, et al.; Iūnō īnferna, the Juno of the lower world, Proserpine, 6.138.

Ītalia, ae (Ī by poetic (epic) license), f.: Italy, 1.2, et al.

propinquus, a, um: adj. (prope), near, neighboring, near at hand, 3.381; not remote, 11.156; near of kin, related, 2.86.

ignārus, a, um: (adj.), not knowing; freq.; unaware, ignorant, 11.154; often w. genit., ignorant of, 1.630; unsuspicious of, 2.106; unconscious, 9.345; not knowing the land; (pass.), unknown, a stranger, 10.706.

invādō, vāsī, vāsus, 3, a. and n.: to go into; enter, 3.382; enter upon, 6.260; invade, violate, 6.623; rush into, 12.712; attack, assail, 2.414; address, accost, 4.265; undertake, adventure, 9.186.

invius, a, um: without a way; trackless, inaccessible, impassable, 1.537; difficult, 3.383.

Trīnacrius, a, um: adj. (Trīnacria), Sicilian, 3.384.

lentō, āvī, ātus, 1, a.: to make flexible; of oars, bend, ply, 3.384. (lentus)

rēmus, ī, m.: originally steering-oar; an oar, 1.104.

sāl, salis, m.: salt; brine, salt water, 1.173; (meton.), the sea, 1.35.

īnfernus, a, um: adj. (īnferus), that which is below; of Hades, infernal, 3.386.

lacus, ūs, m.: a lake, pool, source, 8.74; fen, 2.135.

Aeaeus, a, um: (adj.), of Aeaea, the island of Circe; Aeaean or Colchian, 3.386.

Circē, ēs or ae, f.: a sorceress, daughter of Helios and Perse or Perseis, 3.386, et al.

sollicitus, a, um: adj. (sollus, whole, and cieō), wholly excited; of the mind, solicitous, troubled, burdened with care, anxious, 3.389.

sēcrētus, a, um: separated, apart, retired, solitary, 2.299; secret; unnoticed, 4.494. (sēcernō)

lītoreus, a, um: adj. (lītus), pertaining to the seashore; on the shore; very rarely, on the river bank, 3.390; of the shore, seashore, 12.248.

īlex, icis, f.: the holm-oak, scarlet oak, ilex, 6.180.

sūs, suis, c.: a hog, swine, 1.635; sow, 3.390.

trīgintā: (num. adj., indecl.), thirty, 1.269.

fētus, ūs, m.: a bearing or breeding; the young; the new swarm, 1.432; litter, 3.391; of vegetable products, growth, sprig, shoot, 6.207; fruit; product.

ēnītor, nīxus or nīsus sum, 3, dep. n. and a.: to struggle forth or upward; to bring forth, bear offspring, 3.327.

solum, ī, n.: the bottom or ground of anything; soil, earth, ground, 1.367, et al.; land, 3.698; foundation, 10.102; the water beneath a ship, as its support; the water, sea, 5.199; support, table, 7.111.

recubō, 1, n.: to be lying back or down; recline; be extended; lie, 3.392.

circum: (adv.), about, around; (prep. with acc.), around, about.

ūber, eris, n.: a teat, an udder, 3.392; the breast, 5.285; breast, bosom, 3.95; (meton.), richness, fertility, fruitfulness, productiveness, 1.531.

requiēs, ētis or ēī, f.: repose, rest, 3.393; respite, 4.433; support, comfort, 9.482; cessation, 12.241.

nec or neque: (adv. and conj.), and not; neither, nor, 1.643, et al.; in prohibition, 3.394, et al.; neque (nec) — neque (nec), neither — nor, 5.21, et al.; nec — et, or -que, may be rendered neither — nor, 12.801; 2.534; nec nōn, and also, nor less, 6.183; nec nōn et, and also, 1.707.

morsus, ūs, m.: a biting; eating, 3.394; tooth, 7.112; fang, 2.215; gripe, hold, 12.782; fluke, 1.169. (mordeō)

horrēscō, horruī, 3, inc. n. and a.: to become rough; bristle, rise bristling, 7.526; (fig.), to tremble, shudder, 2.204; dread, 3.394. (horreō)

futūrus, a, um: about to be; future, 4.622. (sum)

adsum, adfuī, esse, irreg. n.: to be near or by; to be present, at hand, or here, 1.595; to have arrived, 2.132; to be with, attend, 2.701; aid, accompany, 10.547; be propitious, 3.116; to beset, 2.330; inf., adfore, to be about to come, destined to come, 7.270. (imp. subj., adforem, -ēs, -et, -ent)

Apollō, inis, m.: Apollo, son of Jupiter and Latona; the god of prophecy, medicine, music, poetry, and archery, 2.430; met., a temple of Apollo, 3.275.

Italus, a, um: Italian, 3.440, et al.; subst., Italī, ōrum, m., the Italians, 1.109. (Ītalia)

ōra, ae, f.: a margin, border, 12.924; coast, shore, 3.396; region, 2.91; rim, extremity, 10.477; pl., outline, compass, 9.528.

perfundō, fūdī, fūsus, 3, a.: to pour over or along; wash, 3.397; overspread, overflow, 11.626; spot, stain, 2.221; anoint, 5.135; besprinkle, 12.611.

aestus, ūs, m.: glowing heat; summer; a boiling; a billowy motion; waves of flame, flames, 2.706; wave, surge, 1.107; tide, sea, flood, 3.419; tide (of feeling), agitation, 4.532.

effugiō, fūgī, 3, n. and a.: to flee forth or away; glide away, 2.226; get off, escape; speed along, 5.151; pass swiftly from, flee from, escape from, 2.793; 3.272; escape, 3.653. (ex and fugiō)

malus, a, um: (adj.), bad; noxious, baneful, poisonous, 2.471; morally, hostile, 3.398; evil, wicked, impious, 1.352; ill-boding; subst., malus, ī, m., a wicked man or person; pl., the wicked, 6.542; comp., pēior, ius, worse.

habitō, āvī, ātus, 1, intens. a. and n.: to have continually, have in possession; occupy, inhabit, 3.106; dwell, 3.110. (habeō)

Grāī (Grāiī) (dissyll.), ōrum, m.: the Greeks, 1.467, et al.

Nārycius, a, um: adj. (Nāryx or Nāricium), of Naryx, a town of the Locri; Narycian, 3.399.

Locrī, ōrum, m.: the Locriam; inhabitants of Locris, in Greece; Locri Epizephyrii, in Bruttium, 3.399; the Opuntii, of Opus, in Locris, 11.265.

Sallentīnus, a, um: (adj.), pertaining to the Sallentini, a people in Iapygia, southeast of Tarentum; Salentine, 3.400.

obsideō, sēdī, sessus, 2, n. and a.: to sit in or on; abide; hold, occupy, 3.421; besiege, beset, 2.441; throng, 12.133; obstruct, fill up, choke. (ob and sedeō)

Lyctius, a, um: of Lyctus, a town in Crete; Lyctian, Cretan, 3.401.

Īdomeneus (quadrisyll.), eī, m.: Idomeneus, king of Crete, and conspicuous among the Greek chiefs at Troy, 3.122, et al.

Meliboeus, a, um: adj. (Meliboea), of Meliboea in Thessaly; Meliboean, 3.401.

Philoctētēs, ae, m.: son of the Thessalian king Poeas of Meliboea, companion of Hercules, from whom he inherited the bow and arrows with which he killed Paris, 3.402.

subnīxus, a, um: resting or seated on, 1.506; sustained, defended by, 3.402; held up by or bound under, 4.217.

Petēlia, ae, f.: Petelia, a town on the eastern coast of Bruttium, 3.402.

trānsmittō, mīsī, missus, 3, a. and n.: to send across; bear or convey across or over, 3.403; give over, 3.329; to cross, pass over, fly over, with acc. of the space crossed over, 4.154; to make across, of a passage or voyage, 6.313.

trāns: (prep. w. acc.), across, with verbs of motion, over, beyond, across; through, athwart, 7.65; of rest, on the other side of, beyond, 3.403.

purpureus, a, um: adj. (purpura), of purple; purple-colored, scarlet, red, purple, 1.337; of blood, 9.349; ruddy, glowing, brilliant, 1.591.

vēlō, āvī, ātus, 1, a.: to veil, 3.405; cover, clothe; bind around, wreathe, crown, 5.72; festoon, adorn, 2.249; to shade by bearing in the hand, 7.154; 11.101. (vēlum)

adoperiō, operuī, opertus, 4, a.: to cover up, cover, 3.405.

amictus, ūs, m.: a veiling or draping of the person; an upper garment, covering; cloak, mantle, veil, 3.405; 5.421. (amiciō)

quis, qua or quae, quid or quod: (indef. pron., adj., and subst.), any, some, 2.94, et al.; some one, any one, any body, anything, something, 1.413, et al.; sī quis, nē quis, etc., if any, lest any, etc., freq.; (adv.), quid, as to anything, in anything, at all, freq.; sī quid, if at all, freq.

hostīlis, e: adj. (hostis), of an enemy, an enemy’s, 10.847; of the foe, 3.322; hostile, unpropitious, ominous, 3.407.

ōmen, inis, n.: a prognostic, token, sign, omen, 2.182; (meton.), evil, 2.190; auspicious beginning, 7.174; pl., auspices; rites, 1.346; in ōmen, as or for a warning, 12.854.

sacrum, ī, n.: a holy thing; pl., sacra, ōrum, n., sacred symbols, rites, 12.13; sacred rites, ceremonies, sacrifices, 2.132; sacred things, utensils, symbols, 2.293; mysteries, 3.112.

religiō, ōnis, f.: reverence for divine things; piety, devotion, 2.715; sanctity, 8.349; worship, sacred ceremonial, observance, 3.409; sacred thing, symbol, token, 2.151; object of worship; divinity, 12.182; augury, 3.363.

nepōs, ōtis, m.: a grandson, 2.702; pl., nepōtēs, um, grandchildren; posterity, descendants, 2.194.

dīgredior, gressus sum, 3, dep. n.: to walk or go apart, aside, or away; depart, 3.410; separate, 4.80; come from, 2.718. (di- and gradior)

Siculus, a, um: adj. (Siculī), pertaining to the Siculi, an ancient race, part of which migrated from Latium to Sicily; Sicilian, 1.34, et al.

admoveō, mōvī, mōtus, 2, a.: to move, bring near to; to carry, convey to, 3.410; apply to, touch; admovēre ūbera, give suck, 4.367.

angustus, a, um: adj. (angō), strait, narrow, 3.411; straitened, perilous, 11.309; subst., angustum, ī, n., a narrow place, passage, 2.332.

rārēscō, 3, inc. n.: to become thin; to part or begin to stand open; to open, 3.411. (rārus)

claustra, ōrum, n. pl: fastenings; bolts, bars; barriers, 1.56; narrows, straits, 3.411. (claudō)

Pelōrus, ī, m., and Pelōrum, ī, n.: the northeastern cape of Sicily, 3.411.

laevus, a, um: (adj.), the left, 10.495; (situated) on the left, 3.412; the left, 3.420; (fig.), ill-starred, unpropitious, baleful, 10.275; infatuated, blind, 2.54.

circuitus, ūs, m.: a going round; circuit, 3.413. (circumeō)

vāstus, a, um: (adj.), empty, void, wild, waste, 9.323; vast, unbounded, 1.118; huge, enormous, immense, 3.647; deep-, vast-, sounding, 1.245.

convellō, vellī, vulsus, 3, a.: to pull violently; pluck, tear, pull up, 3.24; wrench forth, 12.774; cut off, 6.148; p., convulsus, a, um, rent, shattered, 1.383; convulsed, 5.143.

ruīna, ae, f.: a falling down; fall, overthrow; convulsion, commotion, destructive force, 1.129; onset, shock, 11.613; pl., ruin, overthrow, destruction, 1.238; dare, trahere ruīnam, to fall in ruins, 2.310; bring destruction, 12.454. (ruō)

longinquus, a, um: adj. (longus), far distant, in space or time; distant, remote, long, 3.415.

vetustās, ātis, f.: oldness; age, antiquity; length of time, duration, continuance, 3.415; period, length of time, 10.792. (vetus),

dissiliō, uī, 4, n.: to spring apart; burst asunder; be rent asunder, 3.416; break in twain, 12.741. (dis- and saliō)

veniō, vēnī, ventus: to come, freq.; come forth; approach, 6.755; rise, appear, 1.353; dawn, 10.241; to present one's self or itself, 5.344; descend, spring from, 5.373; impers., ventum est, we, they came or have come, 4.151.

medium, iī, n.: medium, iī, n., the middle, midst, 2.218; the intervening space, 6.131; ad medium, in the middle of the body, 12.273; in medium, into the midst, in public; before them, 5.401; for the common weal, 11.335.

Hesperius, a, um: (adj.), of Hesperus; western (as related to Asia and Greece); Hesperian, Italian, 3.418.

abscindō, scidī, scissus, 3, a.: to tear off, away, from, 5.685; separate, 3.418; tear, 4.590.

dīdūcō, dūxī, ductus, 3, a.: to lead or draw apart; separate, sever, 3.419; distract, 5.720.

interluō, 3, a.: to wash between; flow between, 3.419.

Scylla, ae, f.: 1. A dangerous rock on the Italian side of the Straits of Messana opposite Charybdis, 3.420; personified as a monster, half woman and half fish, 3.424. 2. The name of one of the ships of Aeneas, 5.122.

implācātus, a, um: (adj.), unappeased; insatiable, 3.420.

Charybdis, is, f.: a whirlpool near the Sicilian coast, in the Straits of Messina, opposite the rock of Scylla; personified as a monster, 3.420.

barathrum, ī, n.: an abyss, chasm, gulf, 3.421.

ter: (num. adv.), thrice, three times, 1.94, et al. (trēs)

gurges, itis, m.: a whirlpool, gulf, 3.421; flood, 2.497; wave, billow, 3.564; rolling, raging sea, abyss, 1.118; sea, ocean, 7.704.

sorbeō, uī, 2, a.: to suck; absorb, draw on, 3.422.

abrumpō, rūpī, ruptus, 3, a.: to break off, away, or tear away from, 9.118; tear asunder, rend, 3.199; end suddenly or abruptly, 4.388; put an end to, 4.631; violate, 3.55; p. abruptus, a, um, having burst, bursting, breaking forth, subst., abruptum, ī, n., anything broken off; a precipice; abyss, chasm, 3.422; in abruptum, headlong, 12.687.

ērigō, rēxī, rēctus, 3, a.: to raise up, rear, erect, 4.495; cast upward, 3.423. (ex and regō)

alternus, a, um: adj. (alter), one after the other; alternating, 6.121; by turns, in succession, 5.376; every second, 12.233.

verberō, āvī, ātus, 1, a.: to lash, beat, strike, 3.423, et al. (verber)

cohibeō, uī, itus, 2, a.: to hold together, restrain, confine, 3.424; check, curb, repress, 12.314. (com- and habeō)

spēlunca, ae, f.: a cavern, 1.60; retreat, 5.213.

latebra, ae, f.: a hiding place; recess, lodgment, retreat, 12.389; usually in pl., latebrae, ārum, an ambuscade; covert, retreat; cavern, 3.424; recess, cavity, 2.38; the hatches of a ship, the hold, 10.657. (lateō)

exsertō, āvī, ātus, 1, intens. a.: to stretch or thrust forth, 3.425. (exserō)

pūbēs, is, f.: the groin, middle, 3.427; the youthful population; youth, young men; youthful band, 1.399; brood, offspring, 6.580.

tenus: (prep. w. gen. or abl., placed after its case), as far as; up to, 2.553; down to, to, 3.427; to, 1.737; hāc tenus, separated by tmesis, thus far, 5.603.

immānis, e: (adj.), vast, huge, immense, 1.110; wild, savage, barbarous, 1.616; cruel, ruthless, 1.347; unnatural, monstrous, hideous, 6.624; (adv.), immāne, wildly, fiercely, 12.535.

pistrīx, īcis, f.: a sea monster, 3.427. (cf. pristis)

delphīn, īnis, and delphīnus, ī, m.: a dolphin, 3.428, et al.

cauda, ae, f.: the tail, 3.428, et al.

uterus, ī, m.: the womb, belly, 11.813; cavity, 2.38.

lupus, ī, m.: a wolf, 3.428, et al.

mēta, ae, f.: a meta; one of the cone-shaped pillars, three of which terminated each end of the spina in the Roman circus, and marked the turning point of the course; a turning point, goal, 5.129; (fig.), limit, extremity, end, bound, 1.278; 8.594; meridian, zenith, 5.835; mētae mortis, the bounds of death; i.e., fixed by death, 12.546. (mētior)

Pachӯnum, ī, n.: Pachynum or Pachynus, the southeastern promontory of Sicily, 3.429.

cessō, āvī, ātus, 1, intens. n.: to remit action; stay, linger, rest; be inactive, 1.672; cease, 2.468; delay, 6.51; impers., cessātum est, delay has been made, has happened, 11.288. (cēdō)

circumflectō, flexī, flexus, 3, a.: to bend around; turn far round, 3.430.

īnfōrmis, e: shapeless; deprived of beauty, deformed, blank, waste; misshapen, hideous, 3.658; uncouth, foul, 6.416; unseemly, dishonored, 12.603.

antrum, ī, n.: a cave, cavern, grotto, 1.166.

caerulus, a, um: (adj.), dark blue, 2.381; sea-colored, azure, 5.819; dark; black, 3.64; subst., caerula, ōrum, n., the dark blue waters; the sea, 3.208.

resonō, āvī, 1, n. and a.: to sound again or loudly; reëcho, resound, 4.668; (w. acc.), make resound, fill, 7.12.

prūdentia, ae, f.: a foreseeing; wise foresight, prudence, wisdom, 3.433. (prūdēns, foreseeing)

vērum, ī, n.: that which is true; truth, justice, right, 2.141.

praedīcō, dīxī, dictus, 3, a.: to say beforehand; foretell, prophesy, predict, 3.252; forewarn, 3.436; p., praedictus, a, um, foretold.

adōrō, āvī, ātus, 1, a.: to pray to; supplicate, worship, adore, 1.48.

libēns, entis: (adj.), willing; well-pleased, ready, gladly, freely, 3.438, et al.

supplex, icis: adj. (supplicō, beseech), kneeling, entreating, suppliant, 3.439; subst., supplex, icis, c., a suppliant, 2.542.

Trīnacria, ae, f.: the three-cornered land; Sicily, Trinacria, 3.440. (Τρινακρία, with three promontories)