Haec inter tumidī lātē maris ībat imāgō

aurea, sed fluctū spūmābant caerula cānō,

et circum argentō clārī delphīnes in orbem

aequora verrēbant caudīs aestumque secābant.

In mediō classīs aerātās, Actia bella,675

cernere erat, tōtumque īnstrūctō Marte vidērēs

fervere Leucātēn aurōque effulgere fluctūs.

Hinc Augustus agēns Italōs in proelia Caesar

cum patribus populōque, Penātibus et māgnīs dīs,

stāns celsā in puppī, geminās cui tempora flammās680

laeta vomunt patriumque aperītur vertice sīdus.

parte aliā ventīs et dīs Agrippa secundīs

arduus agmen agēns, cui, bellī īnsīgne superbum,

tempora nāvālī fulgent rōstrāta corōnā.

Hinc ope barbaricā variīsque Antōnius armīs,685

victor ab Aurōrae populīs et lītore rubrō,

Aegyptum vīrīsque Orientis et ultima sēcum

Bactra vehit, sequiturque (nefās) Aegyptia coniūnx.

Ūnā omnēs ruere ac tōtum spūmāre reductīs

convulsum rēmīs rōstrīsque tridentibus aequor.690

alta petunt; pelagō crēdās innāre revulsās

Cycladas aut montīs concurrere montibus altōs,

tantā mōle virī turrītīs puppibus īnstant.

stuppea flamma manū tēlīsque volātile ferrum

spargitur, arva novā Neptūnia caede rubēscunt.695

Rēgīna in mediīs patriō vocat agmina sīstrō,

necdum etiam geminōs ā tergō respicit anguīs.

omnigenumque deum mōnstra et lātrātor Anūbis

contrā Neptūnum et Venerem contrāque Minervam

tēla tenent. Saevit mediō in certāmine Māvors700

caelātus ferrō, trīstēsque ex aethere Dīrae,

et scissā gaudēns vādit Discordia pallā,

quam cum sanguineō sequitur Bellōna flagellō.

Actius haec cernēns arcum intendēbat Apollō

dēsuper; omnis eō terrōre Aegyptus et Indī,705

omnis Arabs, omnēs vertēbant terga Sabaeī.

ipsa vidēbātur ventīs rēgīna vocātīs

vēla dare et laxōs iam iamque immittere fūnīs.

Illam inter caedēs pallentem morte futūrā

fēcerat īgnipotēns undīs et Iāpyge ferrī,710

contrā autem māgnō maerentem corpore Nīlum

pandentemque sinūs et tōtā veste vocantem

caeruleum in gremium latebrōsaque flūmina victōs.

At Caesar, triplicī invectus Rōmāna triumphō

moenia, dīs Italīs vōtum immortāle sacrābat,715

māxima ter centum tōtam dēlūbra per urbem.

Laetitiā lūdīsque viae plausūque fremēbant;

omnibus in templīs mātrum chorus, omnibus ārae;

ante ārās terram caesī strāvēre iuvencī.

Ipse sedēns niveō candentis līmine Phoebī720

dōna recognōscit populōrum aptatque superbīs

postibus; incēdunt victae longō ōrdine gentēs,

quam variae linguīs, habitū tam vestis et armīs.

Hīc Nomadum genus et discīnctōs Mulciber Āfrōs,

hīc Lelegas Cārasque sagittiferōsque Gelōnōs725

fīnxerat; Euphrātēs ībat iam mollior undīs,

extrēmīque hominum Morinī, Rhēnusque bicornis,

indomitīque Dahae, et pontem indīgnātus Araxēs.

    CORE VOCABULARY

    tumidus, a, um: adj. (tumeō), swollen, 1.142; distended, 10.387; elated, 9.596; incensed, angry, 6.407; causing to swell, swelling, 3.357.

    lātē: (adv.), widely; far and wide, 1.21; on all sides, far around, 1.163; all over, 12.308. (lātus)

    spūmō, āvī, ātus, 1, n. and a.: to foam, 3.534, et al. (spūma)

    caerulus, a, um: (adj.), dark blue, 2.381; sea-colored, azure, 5.819; dark; black, 3.64; subst., caerula, ōrum, n., the dark blue waters; the sea, 3.208.

    cānus, a, um: (adj.), white, of the hair and beard; whitened, hoary, of frost and cold; of the sea, foaming, hoary, 8.672; gray-haired, venerable; hoary, 1.292.

    circum: (adv.), about, around; (prep. with acc.), around, about.

    delphīn, īnis, and delphīnus, ī, m.: a dolphin, 3.428, et al.

    verrō, no perf., versus, 3, a.: to sweep; snatch, bear, sweep away, 1.59; sweep over, 3.208.

    cauda, ae, f.: the tail, 3.428, et al.

    aestus, ūs, m.: glowing heat; summer; a boiling; a billowy motion; waves of flame, flames, 2.706; wave, surge, 1.107; tide, sea, flood, 3.419; tide (of feeling), agitation, 4.532.

    secō, secuī, sectus, 1, a.: to cut, freq.; cut off, 4.704; engrave, carve, 3.464; cut through, cleave, 5.218, et al.; of the channel of a river, 8.63; sail through, pass, 8.96; speed, 6.899; shape out mentally, form, 10.107.

    medium, iī, n.: medium, iī, n., the middle, midst, 2.218; the intervening space, 6.131; ad medium, in the middle of the body, 12.273; in medium, into the midst, in public; before them, 5.401; for the common weal, 11.335.

    aerātus, a, um: adj. (aes), furnished with copper, bronze; made of bronze, 2.481; bronze-covered; with brazen prow, 8.675; armed with bronze; armed, 7.703.

    Actius, a, um: adj. (poet. for Actiacus, from Actium), pertaining to Actium, a promontory and town of Epirus, celebrated as the scene of the decisive victory of Augustus over Antony and Cleopatra, in B.C. 31; Actian, 3.280.

    tōtus, a, um: (adj.), the whole, total, entire, 1.128, et al.; tōtō corpore, with all one's strength, 12.920.

    īnstruō, strūxi, strūctus, 3, n.: to build upon; build up; arrange, draw up ships or troops, 2.254; 8.676; prepare, 1.638; furnish, equip, supply, 3.231; support, 6.831; instruct, train, 2.152.

    Mārs (archaic form, Māvors), Mārtis: Mars, son of Jupiter and Juno; the patron of war and tutelar god of the Romans, 1.274, et al.; (meton.), martial spirit, courage, warlike fury, 6.165; battle, conflict, 2.335, et al.

    ferveō, ferbuī, 2, n., and fervō, fervī, 3, n.: to boil; (fig.), to blaze, be bright, 4.567; flash, 8.677; glow, 11.195; stir, be alive, teeming, 4.407; move, speed on, 1.436; rage, 9.693.

    Leucātēs, ae, m.: Leucata, a promontory of the island of Leucadia, off the coast of Acarnania, 3.274.

    effulgeō, and effulgō, fulsī, 2, and 3, n.: to shine forth or brightly; be effulgent, 2.616; 8.677; glitter, be distinguished, conspicuous, 5.133. (ex and fulgeō)

    augustus, a, um: (adj.), venerable, 7.153; the surname given to Octavius Caesar by the senate, B.C. 27, and, after him, to the emperors generally, 6.792.

    Italī, ōrum, m.: the Italians, 1.109. (Ītalia)

    Caesar, aris, m.: a surname of the Julian gens, esp. Gaius Iulius Caesar, dictator and founder of the Roman Empire. His name was inherited by his nephew and adopted son Octavius and his successors; Augustus Caesar, 1.286; 6.792.

    Penātēs, ium, m.: gods of the household; hearth-, fireside gods, 2.514, et al.; tutelary gods of the state as a national family, 1.68; (fig.), fireside, hearth, dwelling-house, abode, 1.527. (penus)

    celsus, a, um: adj. (cellō, rise), high, lofty, 1.56, et al.

    puppis, is, f.: the hinder part of a ship; the stern, 5.12; (by synecdoche), a vessel, boat, ship, 1.69; (meton.), crew, 8.497.

    geminus, a, um: (adj.), twin, 1.274, et al.; twofold, 6.203; double, two, 4.470; pl., geminī, ae, a, twin, 2.500; two, 1.162.

    tempus, oris, n.: 1. Time in general, a period, time, 1.278; interval or space of time, 4.433; crisis, circumstance, juncture, 7.37; season, fitting time, opportunity, proper moment, 4.294; ex longō (tempore), in or for a long time, 9.64. 2. The temple of the forehead, 9.418; commonly pl., 2.684; of animals, 12.173.

    vomō, uī, itus, 3, a.: to vomit; belch, vomit forth, 5.682.

    patrius, a, um: adj. (pater), pertaining to one's father or ancestors; a father's, 2.658; paternal, natural to a father, 1.643; exacted by a father, 7.766; due to, felt for a father or parent, 9.294; ancestral, hereditary, 3.249; of one's country, native, 3.281; belonging to the nation, of the country, 11.374.

    vertex, icis, m.: a whirl; whirlpool, 7.567; vortex, 1.117; whirling column of flame, 12.673; the top, crown of the head, the head, 1.403; summit, top, 1.163; mountain summit, height, 3.679; ā vertice, from on high, from above, 1.114. (vertō)

    Agrippa, ae, m.: Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa, one of the confidential counselors of Augustus, and his principal military commander, 8.682.

    arduus, a, um: (adj.), steep; erect, high, raised high, 2.475; 5.480; lofty, towering, 2.328; rearing, 11.638.

    īnsīgne, is, n.: a distinguishing mark; symbol, ensign, 10.188; trophy, 12.944; pl., īnsīgnia, ium, distinctive arms, tokens, 2.339; royal ensigns or insignia, 8.506; trappings, 11.89.

    nāvālis, e: adj. (nāvis), pertaining to ships; naval, 5.493; subst., nāvālia, ium, n., dock, docks, dockyard, naval arsenal, 4.593; naval equipments, 11.329.

    fulgeō, fulsī, 2, and fulgō, 3, n.: to shine brightly; flash, gleam, glance, 5.562.

    rōstrātus, a, um: adj. (rōstrum), beaked; adorned with beaks, 8.684.

    corōna, ae, f.: a crown, 1.655; wreath, garland, 3.525; a crowd or throng; a circle of defenders on a rampart; a garrison, 9.508; a circle or crowd of assailants, 9.551.

    barbaricus, a, um: (adj.), foreign, barbaric, 2.504.

    Antōnius, iī, m.: M. Antonius, the Triumvir, 8.685.

    aurōra, ae, f.: the dawn, morning, 3.521; personified, Aurora, the goddess of the dawn, who precedes the horses of the sun-god, 4.585; the east, 8.686; the sun, 6.535.

    ruber, bra, brum: adj. (rubeō), red, ruddy, 12.247; lītore rubrō, shore of the Mare Rubrum or Persian Gulf, 8.686.

    Aegyptos (-tus), ī, f.: Egypt.

    Oriēns, entis, m.: the rising; morning, morn, 5.42; the east, 1.289; the rising sun, 5.739.

    Bactra, ōrum, n, pl.: Bactra, the chief city of Bactria, 8.688.

    Aegyptius, a, um: adj. (Aegyptos), Egyptian, 8.688.

    ūnā: (adv.), in one place or at one time, together with, at once, at the same time, 3.634, et al.; with -que following, 11.864.

    ruō, ruī, rutus, 3, n. and a.: to fall with violence; tumble down, fall, freq.; fall in battle, 10.756; of the sun, go down, set, 3.508; rush forward, 2.64; of the chariot of Nox, hasten up; ascend, rise, 2.250; advance, 10.256; plunge, rush, 2.353; flee, 12.505; tremble, quake, 8.525; hasten, pass away, 6.539; cause to fall; cast down, 9.516; plow, 1.35; cast, throw up, 1.85; throw up or together, 11.211.

    atque, or ac: (conj.), and in addition, or and besides; and, as well, and indeed, and, 1.575; freq.; even, 2.626; in comparisons, as, 4.90; than, 3.561.

    redūcō, dūxī, ductus, 3, a.: to lead, bring back; restore, 1.143; return, 9.257; draw back, 5.478; rescue, 4.375.

    convellō, vellī, vulsus, 3, a.: to pull violently; pluck, tear, pull up, 3.24; wrench forth, 12.774; cut off, 6.148; p., convulsus, a, um, rent, shattered, 1.383; convulsed, 5.143.

    rēmus, ī, m.: originally steering-oar; an oar, 1.104.

    rōstrum, ī: a bill, beak, 6.597; the beak of a ship, 5.143; pl., Rōstra, ōrum, n., the platform or tribunal for magistrates and orators in the Roman forum, so called because adorned with the beaks of the captured ships of Antium; the Rostra. (rōdō, gnaw)

    tridēns, entis: adj. (trēs and dēns), three-pronged, trident, 5.143; subst., tridēns, entis, m., a triple-pointed spear; trident, 1.138.

    altum, ī, n.: the deep; the lofty; the deep sea, the main, the deep, 1.3; the sky, heaven, air, 1.297; from far, far-fetched, remote, 8.395. (altus)

    pelagus, ī, n.: the sea; open sea, main, 1.138; flood, 1.246.

    innō, āvī, ātus, 1, n. and a.: to swim upon or over, 8.691; swim, 10.222; (w. acc.), sail over, 6.134; swim, pass by swimming.

    revellō, vellī, vulsus, 3, a.: to pull back; pluck out, tear out or off, 4.515; rend, rip, tear open, 12.98; snatch, bring away, rescue, 4.545; disturb, violate, 4.427.

    Cyclades, um, f.: the Cyclades, the islands grouped around Delos in the Aegean Sea, 3.127.

    concurrō, currī (rarely cucurrī), cursus, 3, n.: to run together or at once; crowd around, 12.297; rush, 2.315; rush to conflict, 7.224; rush against a foe; (with dat.), engage, encounter, 1.493.

    mōlēs, is, f.: a cumbrous mass; a heavy pile or fabric; mound, rampart, 9.35; dike, 2.497; a mass of buildings, vast buildings, 1.421; structure, 11.130; frame or figure, 2.32; bulk, 5.118; weight, 7.589; pile, mass, 1.61; gigantic frame, 5.431; warlike engine, siege tower, 5.439; array, pomp, train, 12.161; body of soldiers, phalanx, 12.575; heavy storm, tempest, 5.790; toil, work, labor, 1.33.

    turrītus, a, um: adj. (turris), turreted, 8.693; crowned with turrets; with crown of towers, 6.785; tower-like, towering, lofty, 3.536.

    īnstō, stitī, 1, n.: to stand on or upon; w. dat., acc., inf., or alone; w. dat., to stand on, 11.529; stand or hang over, 10.196; (w. acc.), to work at, ply work upon, 8.834; (w. inf.), urge on, press on, 1.423; persist, 10.118; (alone), to follow up, press on; pursue, 1.468; struggle, 12.783; be near at hand, approach, threaten, 12.916; to be urgent, important, incumbent, 4.115.

    stūppeus, a, um: adj. (stūppa), made of tow or flax; flaxen, 2.236.

    manus, ūs, f.: the hand, 1.487; freq.; (meton.), action, movement of the hand; work, art, handiwork, 3.486; prowess, heroic deed, action, 2.434; force, violence, 2.645; a collection of persons; a band, crew, troop; an army, 2.29; forces, 5.623; multitude, 6.660; pl., manūs, workmen, 11.329; dare manūs, to yield, 11.558; extrēma manus, the finishing hand or touch, 7.572.

    volātilis, e: flying; winged, 4.71. (volō)

    spargō, sparsī, sparsus, 3, a.: to scatter, strew; cast in fragments, 3.605; disperse, 1.602; shower, hurl, 12.51; sprinkle, 4.512; besprinkle, bedew, stain, 8.645; infuse, 4.486; (fig.), spread abroad, disseminate, 2.98; bring over or upon, diffuse, 7.754.

    Neptūnius, a, um: adj. (Neptūnus), pertaining to Neptune, built by Neptune, Neptunian, 2.625; son or descendant of Neptune, 7.691.

    rubēscō, rubuī, 3, inc. n.: to grow or turn red; begin to glow, redden, 3.521. (rubeō)

    rēgīna, ae, f.: a queen, 1.9; princess, 1.273. (rēx)

    sīstrum, ī, n.: a metallic rattle, consisting of a small frame of horseshoe form with sliding cross-bars, used by the priests of Isis, 8.696.

    necdum: (adv.), nor yet; and not yet, 1.25.

    anguis, is, m. and f.: a snake of any kind, serpent, 2.379; hydra, 8.300.

    omnigenus, a, um: adj. (gen. pl., omnigenum), of all sorts, of every kind, 8.698.

    mōnstrum, ī, n.: the thing which warns; an omen, a portent, 3.26; supernatural token, sign, 12.246; a prodigy, marvel, wonder, terror, 3.583; monster, 2.245. (moneō)

    lātrātor, ōris, m.: one who barks like a dog; a barker, the barking, 8.698. (lātrō)

    Anūbis, is or idis, m.: a god with the head of a dog, worshiped by the Egyptians, 8.698.

    Neptūnus, ī, m.: Neptune, one of the sons of Saturn, and brother of Jupiter, Juno, and Pluto; identified by the Romans, as god of the sea, with the Greek Poseidon, 1.125.

    Venus, eris, f.: Venus, goddess of love and beauty, identified by the Romans with Aphrodite, daughter of Jupiter and Dione, 1.411, et al.; (meton.), love, lust, 6.26.

    Minerva, ae, f.: an Italian goddess, understood to be the same as the Greek Athena; the goddess of wisdom, of the liberal and industrial arts, and of systematic or strategic warfare, 2.31, et al.; (meton.), wisdom, wit; household work, spinning, the loom, etc., 5.284, et al.

    saeviō, iī, ītus, 4, n.: to be fierce; to be furious, rage; be angry, 6.544. (saevus)

    certāmen, inis, n.: a striving, a struggle; effort, 5.197; combat, emulation, strife, 3.128; battle, war, 8.639; contest, game, 5.286. (certō)

    caelō, āvī, ātus, 1, a.: to cut in relief; carve, engrave, chase, emboss, 1.640. (caelum, a chisel)

    Dīra, ae, f.: a Fury, 12.869; pl., Dīrae, ārum, the Furies, 4.473, et al.

    scindō, scidī, scissus, 3, a.: to cut asunder; split, 6.182; part, separate, divide, 1.161; tear, 9.478; (fig.), divide, 2.39.

    vādō, 3, n.: to go, walk, advance, go on, 2.396, et al.; rush, 2.359; move, speed on, 8.702; imperat., vāde, away, go on! 3.462.

    discordia, ae, f.: difference in feeling, or mind; dissension, strife; personified, Discord or Eris, 6.280. (discors)

    palla, ae, f.: a long and ample robe; mantle, 1.648.

    sanguineus, a, um: adj. (sanguis), of blood; bloodshot, 4.643; of bloody color or aspect, bloody, 2.207; fiery, bloody, 10.273; ruddy, burnished, 8.622; bloodthirsty, 12.332.

    Bellōna, ae, f.: the goddess of war, sister of Mars, Bellona, 7.319. (bellum)

    flagellum, ī, n.: a scourge or whip, 5.579; thong, 7.731. (dim. of flagrum, a whip)

    arcus, ūs, m.: a bow, 5.500, et al.; the rainbow, 5.88.

    Apollō, inis, m.: Apollo, son of Jupiter and Latona; the god of prophecy, medicine, music, poetry, and archery, 2.430; met., a temple of Apollo, 3.275.

    dēsuper: (adv.), from above; above, 1.165.

    terror, ōris, m.: fright, fear, dread, alarm, 7.552, et al. (terreō)

    Indī: (adj.), belonging to India, Indian, 12.67; subst., Indus, ī, m., an Indian; pl., Indī, ōrum, the Indians, 7.605.

    Arabs, abis, m.: an Arabian, 8.706.

    Sabaeī, ōrum, m.: the Sabaeans or people of Arabia Felix. (Saba)

    vēlum, ī, n.: a cloth; sail, 1.103, et al.; a curtain, canvas, covering, 1.469.

    laxus, a, um: (adj.), loose; disjointed, unfastened, gaping, open, 1.122; slack, loosened, free, 1.63; unbent, 11.874.

    immittō, mīsī, missus, 3, a.: to send upon or to; drive to, 6.312; bring upon, 4.488; let in, 2.495; let fly, go, loosen, 6.1; hurl, fling, cast, 11.562; (with sē), rush into, 6.262; p., immissus, a, um, of the reins of horses, let loose; hence, (fig.), swiftly running, 5.146; unchecked, unbridled, 5.662; of the hair or beard, descending, left growing, neglected, long, 3.593.

    fūnis, is, m.: a rope, 2.239, et al.; cord, string, 5.488.

    palleō, uī, 2, n.: to be pale; p., pallēns, entis, pallid, wan, pale, 4.26.

    futūrus, a, um: about to be; future, 4.622. (sum)

    īgnipotēns, entis: adj. (īgnis and potēns), having power over fire; subst., Īgnipotēns, the fire-god, Vulcan, 10.243.

    Iāpyx, ygis, m.: a son of Iasius and physician of Aeneas, 12.391.

    contrā: (prep. and adv.; prep. w. acc.), over against; opposite to, 1.13; against, 5.370; to, 9.280; on the contrary, 12.779; on the other hand, in reply, 1.76.

    maereō, 2, n. and a.: to be sorrowful, sad; mourn, grieve, 1.197, et al. (cf. miser)

    Nīlus, ī, m.: the Nile, 6.800.

    pandō, pandī, passus or pānsus, 3, a.: to spread out or open, 7.641; unfurl, 3.520; extend, expose, 6.740; break through, open, 2.234; unbind, dishevel, 1.480; (fig.), disclose, declare, explain, reveal, 3.179.

    gremium, iī, n.: the lap, the bosom, 1.685, et al.; ante gremium suum, in front of or before one's self, 11.744.

    latebrōsus, a, um: adj. (latebra), full of lurking places or recesses; full of holes; porous, 5.214; secret, 8.713.

    triplex, icis: adj. (trēs and plicō), threefold, triple, 10.784, et al.

    invehō, vexī, vectus, 3, a.: to carry into or forward; (pass.), invehī, to ride or drive, 1.155; sail, 5.122; w. acc. of place, sail to, arrive at, or in, 7.436; enter, 8.714.

    Rōmānus, a, um: adj. (Rōma), belonging to Rome; Roman, 1.33; subst., Rōmānus, ī, m., a Roman, 1.234.

    triumphus, ī, m.: the grand procession at Rome awarded to a victorious general; a victory, 2.578.

    Italus, a, um: Italian, 3.440, et al.; subst., Italī, ōrum, m., the Italians, 1.109. (Ītalia)

    immortālis, e: (adj.), undying, immortal, unperishable, 6.598.

    sacrō, āvī, ātus, 1, a.: to set apart to the gods; devote, consecrate, 2.502; w. acc. and dat., devote, 10.419. (sacer)

    ter: (num. adv.), thrice, three times, 1.94, et al. (trēs)

    dēlūbrum, ī, n.: the place for sacrificial cleansings; a shrine, temple, sanctuary, 2.225, et al. (dēluō, cleanse)

    laetitia, ae, f.: joy, 1.514, et al. (laetus)

    lūdus, ī, m.: play, sport, pastime, 9.606; mirth; pl., lūdī, ōrum, games, public or national, 3.280. (lūdō)

    plausus, ūs, m.: a beating, clapping, flapping; fluttering sound, 5.215; plaudit, applause, 5.148. (plaudō)

    fremō, uī, itus, 3, n. and a.: to make a murmuring noise; to roar, 1.56; whinny, neigh, 12.82; raise lamentations, 6.175; whiz, 12.922; resound, 4.668; rage, 5.19; to be fierce, furious, 4.229; fume, rave, 12.535; shout and sing, 4.146; a., rage, rave for, clamor for, 11.453, et al.; ore fremere, applaud, shout applause, 5.385; p., fremēns, entis, raging, 4.229.

    chorus, ī, m.: a dance in a circle; a dance; a company of singers or dancers, choir, train, 1.499; band, troop, 5.581; festival, 11.737.

    sternō, strāvī, strātus, 3, a.: to spread out, spread, 1.700; stretch on the ground, strike down, slay, 1.190; cast down, prostrate, devastate, 2.306; make level, smooth, calm, 5.763; spread, cover, 8.719; strew, litter; overthrow, conquer, 6.858; pass. (in middle sense), sternor, ī, to stretch one's self, lie down, 3.509.

    iuvencus, a, um: adj. (iuvenis), young; subst., iuvencus, ī, m., a young bullock, 3.247, et al.; iuvenca, ae, f., a heifer, 8.208, et al.

    niveus, a, um: adj. (nix), snowy, of snow; snow-white, 1.469.

    candeō, uī, 2, n.: to be of pure whiteness; p., candēns, entis, white, 4.61; at white heat; glowing, 3.573; 12.91.

    Phoebus, ī, m.: Phoebus or Apollo, 1.329, et al.

    recognōscō, cognōvī, cognitus, 3, a.: look over; survey, review, 8.721.

    aptō, āvī, ātus, 1, a.: to fit, join, or fasten to; with acc. and dat., 8.721; put on, 2.390; get ready, prepare, 10.259; fit out, prepare, 1.552; with abl. of manner, 8.80. (aptus)

    postis, is, m.: a post; doorpost, jamb, 3.287; door, 2.480. (rel. to pōnō)

    incēdō, cessī, cessus, 3, a. and n.: to step onward; walk, especially with pomp or dignity; advance, 1.497; move (for am), 1.46, et al.; march, proceed, 9.308.

    habitus, ūs, m.: the having itself or one’s self; condition, habit; dress, attire, 1.315. (habeō)

    nomas, adis, c.: a nomad; pl., Nomades, um, m., the Numidians, 4.320.

    discingō, cīnxī, cīnctus, 3, a.: to ungird; p., discīnctus, a, um, loose-robed; indolent, effeminate, 8.724.

    Mulciber, eris and erī, m.: one who softens, Mulciber or Vulcan, the god of the forge, 8.724. (mulceō)

    Āfer, fra, frum: (adj.), African; (subst.), Āfrī, ōrum, m., Africans, 8.724.

    Leleges, um, m.: Pelasgian tribes of Asia Minor and Greece, 8.725.

    Cārēs, ium, Gr. acc., as (sing., Cār, Cāris), m.: the Carians, of Caria in the southwestern part of Asia Minor, 8.725. (Cāria)

    sagittifer, a, um: adj. (sagitta and ferō), arrow-bearing, 8.725.

    Gelōnus, ī, m.: a Gelonian, or Scythian; pl., Gelōnī, ōrum, the Scythians, 8.725.

    Euphrātēs, is, m.: the Euphrates.

    Morinī, ōrum, m.: a tribe dwelling on the northwestern coast of Gaul, 8.727.

    Rhēnus, ī, m.: the river Rhine, 8.727.

    bicornis, e: adj. (bis and cornū), two-horned; of rivers, with reference to their divided mouths, 8.727.

    indomitus, a, um: (adj.), untamed; unbridled, 2.594; impetuous, fierce, 2.440.

    Dahae, ārum, m.: the Dahae, a Scythian people beyond the Caspian, 8.728.

    pōns, pontis, m.: a bridge; a bridge connecting battlements and towers, 9.530; gangway, bridge for embarking, 10.288.

    indīgnor, ātus sum, 1, dep. a. and n.: to deem unworthy; to fret, chafe, be impatient, 1.55; resent, 2.93; scorn, 8.728; be angry, indignant, 11.831; w. inf., 7.770.

    Araxēs, is, m.: the Araxes, a river of Armenia Major, 8.728.

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    Suggested Citation

    Christopher Francese and Meghan Reedy, Vergil: Aeneid Selections. Carlisle, Pennsylvania: Dickinson College Commentaries, 2016. ISBN: 978-1-947822-08-5. https://dcc.dickinson.edu/vergil-aeneid/vergil-aeneid-viii-671-728