47.1 We have now learned four moods of Greek verbs: the indicative, infinitive, imperative, and subjunctive.
- The INDICATIVE mood indicates FACTS about actions or states.
- The INFINITIVE mood is a VERBAL NOUN.
- The IMPERATIVE mood is used to give COMMANDS.
- The SUBJUNCTIVE mood refers to hypothetical actions.
In this lesson, we introduce the final mood: the OPTATIVE.
47.2 Like the subjunctive, the OPTATIVE mood refers to HYPOTHETICAL actions. The type of hypothetical actions differ from the subjunctive, however, as we see below. Like the subjunctive, there are also three tenses, each of which expresses ASPECT, not time:
- PRESENT
- ongoing aspect
- AORIST
- simple aspect
- PERFECT
- completed aspect
Since the mood is hypothetical, it NEVER receives an augment.