Iuppiter haec paucis; at non Venus aurea contra

pauca refert:

'o pater, o hominum rerumque aeterna potestas

(namque aliud quid sit quod iam implorare queamus?),

cernis ut insultent Rutuli, Turnusque feratur20

per medios insignis equis tumidusque secundo

Marte ruat? non clausa tegunt iam moenia Teucros;

quin intra portas atque ipsis proelia miscent

aggeribus murorum et inundant sanguine fossae.

Aeneas ignarus abest. numquamne leuari25

obsidione sines? muris iterum imminet hostis

nascentis Troiae nec non exercitus alter,

atque iterum in Teucros Aetolis surgit ab Arpis

Tydides. equidem credo, mea uulnera restant

et tua progenies mortalia demoror arma.30

si sine pace tua atque inuito numine Troes

Italiam petiere, luant peccata neque illos

iuueris auxilio; sin tot responsa secuti

quae superi manesque dabant, cur nunc tua quisquam

uertere iussa potest aut cur noua condere fata?35

quid repetam exustas Erycino in litore classis,

quid tempestatum regem uentosque furentis

Aeolia excitos aut actam nubibus Irim?

nunc etiam manis (haec intemptata manebat

sors rerum) mouet et superis immissa repente40

Allecto medias Italum bacchata per urbes.

nil super imperio moueor. sperauimus ista,

dum fortuna fuit. uincant, quos uincere mauis.

si nulla est regio Teucris quam det tua coniunx

dura, per euersae, genitor, fumantia Troiae45

excidia obtestor: liceat dimittere ab armis

incolumem Ascanium, liceat superesse nepotem.

Aeneas sane ignotis iactetur in undis

et quacumque uiam dederit Fortuna sequatur:

hunc tegere et dirae ualeam subducere pugnae.50

est Amathus, est celsa mihi Paphus atque Cythera

Idaliaeque domus: positis inglorius armis

exigat hic aeuum. magna dicione iubeto

Karthago premat Ausoniam; nihil urbibus inde

obstabit Tyriis. quid pestem euadere belli55

iuuit et Argolicos medium fugisse per ignis

totque maris uastaeque exhausta pericula terrae,

dum Latium Teucri recidiuaque Pergama quaerunt?

non satius cineres patriae insedisse supremos

atque solum quo Troia fuit? Xanthum et Simoenta60

redde, oro, miseris iterumque reuoluere casus

    CORE VOCABULARY

    Iuppiter, Iovis, m.: Jupiter, son of Saturn and Rhea, and king of the gods, 1.223; Iuppiter Stygius, Pluto, 4.638.

    paucus, a, um: (adj.), small, little; pl., paucī, ae, a, few, a few.

    Venus, eris, f.: Venus, goddess of love and beauty, identified by the Romans with Aphrodite, daughter of Jupiter and Dione, 1.411, et al.; (meton.), love, lust, 6.26.

    contrā: (prep. and adv.; prep. w. acc.), over against; opposite to, 1.13; against, 5.370; to, 9.280; on the contrary, 12.779; on the other hand, in reply, 1.76.

    ō: (interj. expressing joy, grief, astonishment, desire, or indignation), O! oh! ah! w. voc., 2.281, et al.; w. sī and the subj., oh that, 11.415; sometimes placed after the word to which it relates, 2.281.

    implōrō, āvī, ātus, 1, a.: to entreat, implore, supplicate, 4.617.

    queō, quīvī or quiī, quitus, quīre, irreg. n.: to be able, can, 6.463.

    ut (utī): (adv., interrog.), in what manner, how? 1.466, et al.; sometimes with indic. in a dependent question, 6.855; how gladly, 8.154.

    īnsultō, āvī, ātus, 1, n. and a.: (w. dat.), to leap upon, bound upon, gallop over, trample on, 12.339; (w. acc.), bound, dance, rush through, 7.581; absol., prance, 11.600; insult, be insolent, mock, 2.330; exult, 10.20. (īnsiliō, leap upon)

    Rutulī, ōrum, m.: the Rutulians, an ancient tribe of Latium dwelling south of the Tiber, 1.266, et al.

    Turnus, ī, m.: the chief of the Rutulians, 7.56, et al.

    īnsīgnis, e: beautiful, 3.468; splendid, adorned, 4.134; conspicuous, 6.808; marked, renowned, distinguished, 1.10; illustrious, glorious, 10.450. (in and sīgnum)

    tumidus, a, um: adj. (tumeō), swollen, 1.142; distended, 10.387; elated, 9.596; incensed, angry, 6.407; causing to swell, swelling, 3.357.

    Mārs (archaic form, Māvors), Mārtis: Mars, son of Jupiter and Juno; the patron of war and tutelar god of the Romans, 1.274, et al.; (meton.), martial spirit, courage, warlike fury, 6.165; battle, conflict, 2.335, et al.

    ruō, ruī, rutus, 3, n. and a.: to fall with violence; tumble down, fall, freq.; fall in battle, 10.756; of the sun, go down, set, 3.508; rush forward, 2.64; of the chariot of Nox, hasten up; ascend, rise, 2.250; advance, 10.256; plunge, rush, 2.353; flee, 12.505; tremble, quake, 8.525; hasten, pass away, 6.539; cause to fall; cast down, 9.516; plow, 1.35; cast, throw up, 1.85; throw up or together, 11.211.

    Teucrī, ōrum, m.: the Trojans, descendants of Teucer, 1.38, et al.; adj., Teucrian, Trojan, 9.779, et al. (Teucer)

    intrā: (prep. w. acc., and adv.), on the inside; within, 2.33, et al.; for in, 7.168.

    agger, eris, m.: materials gathered to form an elevation; a heap of earth or stones, dike, embankment, bank, 1.112; 2.496; heap of earth, 9.567; top, summit, ridge, raised surface, 5.44, 273; a rampart, 9.769, et al.; a height or rising ground, 12.446; aggerēs, mountains, mountain ramparts, 6.830. (aggerō)

    inundō, āvī, ātus, 1, a. and n.: to overflow, a., 10.24; n., 11.382; of an army, rush on, pour on, 12.280.

    fossa, ae, f.: a ditch, trench, 7.157. (fodiō)

    Aenēās, ae, m.: 1. A Trojan chief, son of Venus and Anchises, and hero of the Aeneid, 1.92. 2. Aenēās Silvius, one of the Alban kings, 6.769.

    ignārus, a, um: (adj.), not knowing; freq.; unaware, ignorant, 11.154; often w. genit., ignorant of, 1.630; unsuspicious of, 2.106; unconscious, 9.345; not knowing the land; (pass.), unknown, a stranger, 10.706.

    absum, āfuī or abfuī, āfutūrus or abfutūrus, abesse, irreg. n.: to be away; to be absent, 2.620; distant, 11.907; to be wanting, missing, 1.584; inf., āfore, or abfore, will be wanting, 8.147.

    levō, āvī, ātus, 1, a.: to render light; lighten; lift, aid, 1.145; raise, 4.690; (fig.), ease, relieve of (w. abl.); support, rest, 10.834; reënforce, help, 2.452; mitigate, 3.36; allay, 7.495; cure, 7.755; relieve, 7.571. (2. levis)

    obsidiō, ōnis, f.: a blockade or siege, 3.52. (obsideō)

    immineō, 2, n.: to rest over; overhang, 1.165; to be at hand; approach, 9.515.

    Trōia, ae, f.: 1. Troy, the capital of the Troad, 2.625, et al. 2. A city built by Helenus in Epirus, 3.349. 3. A part of the city of Acesta in Sicily, 5.756. 4. The name of an equestrian game of Roman boys, 5.602.

    nec or neque: (adv. and conj.), and not; neither, nor, 1.643, et al.; in prohibition, 3.394, et al.; neque (nec) — neque (nec), neither — nor, 5.21, et al.; nec — et, or -que, may be rendered neither — nor, 12.801; 2.534; nec nōn, and also, nor less, 6.183; nec nōn et, and also, 1.707.

    Aetōlus, a, um: (adj.), Aetolian, 11.428; Aetōla urbs, Arpi in Apulia, built by Diomedes, 11.239.

    Arpī, ōrum: Argyripa, afterwards Arpi, a town built by Diomedes in Apulia, 11.246.

    Tӯdīdēs, ae, m.: the son of Tydeus, Diomedes or Diomed, 1.97, et al.

    equidem: (adv.), indeed, at least, certainly, surely; w. first person, for my part, 1.238. (demonstr. e or ec and quidem)

    restō, restitī, 1, n.: to remain in place; to stand, stop; to be left, 2.142; remain, 1.556; remain for infliction, wait to be repeated, be in reserve, 10.29; w. abl., 1.679.

    prōgeniēs, ēī, f.: lineage, progeny, race, 1.19; offspring, 5.565; son, 7.97. (prōgignō)

    dēmoror, ātus sum, 1, dep. a. and n.: to linger, protract, 2.648; detain, 3.481; wait for, await, 10.30.

    invītus, a, um: (adj.), unwilling, 6.460; unfriendly, 2.402.

    Trōes, m.: (subst.), the Trojans, 1.30, et al. (Tros, one of the kings of Troy)

    Ītalia, ae (Ī by poetic (epic) license), f.: Italy, 1.2, et al.

    luō, uī, 3, a.: to set free by atonement; pay for, atone for, expiate, 1.136, et al.; suffer, 11.849. (rel. to λύω, loosen)

    peccātum, ī, n.: a fault, error, delinquency, sin, crime, 10.32. (peccō)

    sīn: (conj.), but if, if on the contrary, 1.555, et al.

    respōnsum, ī, n.: an answer, reply, 2.376; oracular answer, response, 6.799. (respondeō)

    Mānēs, ium, m.: the deities of the lower world, 6.896; gods or powers below, 12.646; the spirits or souls of the dead in Hades; ghosts, shades, Manes, 3.63; penalties of the lower world, punishments, expiations, purgatory, 6.743; abode of the dead, 4.387; infernal regions, the world below, 10.820.

    iussum, ī, n.: a thing ordered; command, injunction, order, 1.77, et al. (iubeō)

    possum, potuī, posse, irreg. n.: to be able; can, 1.242, et al.; to avail, have influence, power, 4.382. (potis and sum)

    exūrō, ussī, ūstus, 3, a.: to burn out, consume with fire; burn up, 1.39; dry up, parch, 3.141; burn out, purge, 6.742.

    Erycīnus, a, um: adj. (Eryx), pertaining to Eryx, Erycinian, 5.759.

    furō, uī, 3, n.: to be mad; freq., to rave, be frantic, rage, 1.491; to be furious, burn, storm (for war), 7.625; to be burning or mad with love, 1.659; to be frenzied, in a frenzy, 6.100; inspired, 2.345; distracted with grief, 3.313; plunge madly, 9.552; boil, 7.464; with cognate acc., give vent to one's fury, 12.680.

    Aeolia, ae, f.: Aeolia, an island near Sicily, the home of Aeolus, 1.52.

    exciō, cīvī or ciī, ītus, 4, a., and excieō, itus, 2, a.: to rouse up or forth; call forth, assemble, 5.107; arouse, excite, agitate, 4.301; stir, shake, 12.445.

    nūbēs, is, f.: a cloud, 1.516, et al.; storm, 10.809; the air, 12.856; (fig.), flock, multitude, 7.705.

    Īris, idis, f., acc. Īrim: Iris, the goddess of the rainbow, daughter of Thaumas and Electra, and messenger of the gods above, 4.694, et al.

    intentātus, a, um: (adj.), untried, unsolicited, 10.39.

    immittō, mīsī, missus, 3, a.: to send upon or to; drive to, 6.312; bring upon, 4.488; let in, 2.495; let fly, go, loosen, 6.1; hurl, fling, cast, 11.562; (with sē), rush into, 6.262; p., immissus, a, um, of the reins of horses, let loose; hence, (fig.), swiftly running, 5.146; unchecked, unbridled, 5.662; of the hair or beard, descending, left growing, neglected, long, 3.593.

    repēns, entis: (adv.), suddenly, unexpectedly, 1.594.

    Allēctō, ūs, f.: Alecto, one of the furies, 7.324, et al.

    Italī, ōrum, m.: the Italians, 1.109. (Ītalia)

    bacchor, ātus sum, 1, dep. n. and a.: to perform the orgies of Bacchus; rage, rave, 6.78; rush or run madly or wildly, 4.301; fly wildly, 4.666; p., bacchātus, a, um, resounding with the revels of Bacchus, 3.125; filling with fury, spreading fury, 10.41. (Bacchus)

    super: (adv.), above, 4.684, et al.; above, from above, 10.384; moreover, 4.606; besides, 1.29; more than enough, 2.642; remaining, surviving, left (with ellipsis of esse), 3.489, et al.; still (or above), 4.684; of time, in, during, 9.61.

    ēvertō, vertī, versus, 3, a.: to upturn, 1.43; overthrow, demolish, destroy, 2.603.

    genitor, ōris, m.: he who begets; father, sire, 1.155, et al. (gignō)

    fūmō, āvī, ātus, 1, n.: to smoke, 3.3, et al.; send up vapor; fume, reek, 2.698; foam, 12.338. (fūmus)

    excidium, iī, n.: a complete cutting or tearing down; razing, demolition, destruction. (exscindō)

    obtestor, ātus sum, 1, dep. a.: to call to witness; conjure, implore, 7.576; beseech, 10.46; swear, 9.260.

    incolumis, e: (adj.), uninjured; unharmed, safe, 2.88.

    Ascanius, iī, m.: Ascanius, son of Aeneas, and traditional founder of Alba Longa, 1.267.

    supersum, fuī, esse, irreg., n.: to be over; to be left, remain (separated by tmesis), 2.567; survive, 8.399.

    nepōs, ōtis, m.: a grandson, 2.702; pl., nepōtēs, um, grandchildren; posterity, descendants, 2.194.

    sānē: (adv.), truly, indeed, 10.48, et al. (sānus)

    ignōtus, a, um: (adj.), unknown, 1.359; strange, 5.795; not well known, but little known, 11.527.

    iactō, āvī, ātus, 1, freq. a.: to throw often or much; toss to and fro; toss, freq.; hurl, cast, 2.459; thrust out, 5.376; aim, 5.433; (fig.), throw out words, utter, say, 1.102; of the mind, revolve, meditate, 1.227; sē iactāre, boast, exalt one's self, rejoice, glory, 1.140; prae sē iactāre, to make pretense of, 9.134; p., iactāns, antis, arrogant, assuming, ambitious, 6.815. (iaciō)

    fortūna, ae, f.: fortune, destiny, lot, chance, fate, 1.628; success, 10.422; the proper moment, a chance, 12.920; misfortune, calamity, 12.593; personified, 3.53, et al. (fors)

    dīrus, a, um: (adj.), accursed; portentous; fearful, dreadful, awful, dire, cruel, horrible, freq.; accursed, 2.261; unhallowed, impious, 6.373; foul, carrion, 3.262; wild, furious, ardent, 9.185; pl., dīra (adv.), fearfully, 10.572.

    subdūcō, dūxī, ductus, 3, a.: to haul, draw up, 1.573; w. abl. of place, 3.135; (w. acc. and dat.), draw, rescue from, 10.81; draw or take away stealthily, withdraw, 6.524; draw from beneath, 3.565.

    Amathūs, ūntis, f.: a town of Cyprus, 10.51.

    celsus, a, um: adj. (cellō, rise), high, lofty, 1.56, et al.

    Paphos (-us), ī, f.: Paphos, a town in the western part of Cyprus, devoted to the worship of Venus, 1.415.

    Cythēra, ōrum, n.: an island south of Laconia, near which Venus was said to have been born of the foam of the sea, 1.680.

    Īdalia, ae, f., and Īdalium, iī, n.: Idalia, a town and headland of Cyprus; one of the favorite resorts of Venus, 1.681.

    inglōrius, a, um: (adj.), without glory; unrenowned, inglorious, 10.52.

    diciō, ōnis, f.: dominion, power, sway, rule, 1.622. (only in gen., dat., acc., and abl. sing.)

    iubeō, iussī (fut. perf. iussō for iusserō, 11.467), iussus, 2, a.: to order, request, usually w. inf., freq.; bid, 2.3; ask, invite, 1.708; will, wish, desire, 3.261; direct, enjoin, admonish, 3.697; persuade, advise, 2.37; to clear by command, 10.444; w. subj., 10.53.

    Karthāgō, inis, f.: a city built by Phoenician adventurers on the northern coast of Africa, opposite Sicily, a short distance N.E. of the modern Tunis, 1.13, et al. (Καρχηδών, new city)

    Ausonia, ae, f.: an ancient name of middle and lower Italy; Italy, in general, 3.496.

    obstō, stitī, stātus, 1, n.: to stand before or against; withstand, oppose, hinder, restrain, 4.91; to be obnoxious, 6.64.

    Tyrius, a, um: adj. (Tyrus), of Tyre; Tyrian or Phoenician, 1.12; subst., Tyrius, iī, m., a Tyrian, 1.574; pl., 1.747.

    pestis, is, f.: destruction, 5.699; plague, pest, scourge, 3.215; death, 9.328; infection, pollution, 6.737; fatal, baneful passion, 1.712. (perdō)

    ēvādō, vāsī, vāsus, 3, n. and a.: to go out, forth, or up; ascend, 2.458; come in flight, 2.531; come forth from, w. the idea of danger surmounted; (w. acc.), to escape the dangers of, 2.731; escape, 5.689; 6.425; w. dat., 11.702; 9.99.

    Argolicus, a, um: (adj.), of Argolis; Argolic; Greek, 2.55.

    medium, iī, n.: medium, iī, n., the middle, midst, 2.218; the intervening space, 6.131; ad medium, in the middle of the body, 12.273; in medium, into the midst, in public; before them, 5.401; for the common weal, 11.335.

    vāstus, a, um: (adj.), empty, void, wild, waste, 9.323; vast, unbounded, 1.118; huge, enormous, immense, 3.647; deep-, vast-, sounding, 1.245.

    exhauriō, hausī, haustus, 4, a.: to draw out, drain, exhaust, toil through, achieve, 4.14; undergo, 1.599; endure, 11.256; inflict, 9.356.

    Latium, iī, n.: a country of ancient Italy, extending from the left bank of the lower Tiber to Campania, 1.6; (meton.), for Latīnī, the Latins, people of Latium, 10.365, et al. (2. latus; Virgil, 8.323, derives it from lateō)

    recidīvus, a, um: falling back; returning; rebuilt, restored, 4.344. (recidō, to fall back)

    Pergama, ōrum, n., Pergamum, ī, n., and Pergamus (-os), ī, f.: 1. The citadel or walls of Troy, 3.87; Troy, 4.344, et al. 2. The Trojan citadel of Helenus in Epirus, 3.336.

    īnsideō, sēdī, sessus, 2, n. and a.: to sit or be seated on; w. dat., rest, recline upon, 1.719; settle on, 8.480; w. acc., occupy, hold, 2.616. (1. in and sedeō)

    solum, ī, n.: the bottom or ground of anything; soil, earth, ground, 1.367, et al.; land, 3.698; foundation, 10.102; the water beneath a ship, as its support; the water, sea, 5.199; support, table, 7.111.

    Xanthus, ī, m.: 1. The Xanthus or Scamander, a river near Troy, 5.808, et al. 2. A small river in Epirus named by Helenus after the Trojan Xanthus, 3.350. 3. A river in Lycia, 4.143.

    Simoīs, Simoentis, m.: a river which falls into the Scamander near Troy, 1.100, et al.

    revolvō, volvī, volūtus, 3, a.: to roll back, 5.336; (fig.), bring back, recall, repeat, 2.101; retrace, 9.391; go over again, suffer again, 10.61; turn, change again, 6.449; (pass.), revolvor, fall back, fall down, 9.476; p., revolūtus, a, um, rolling, 10.660; returning, following, 10.256.

    article Nav

    Suggested Citation

    Christopher Francese and Meghan Reedy, Vergil: Aeneid Selections. Carlisle, Pennsylvania: Dickinson College Commentaries, 2016. ISBN: 978-1-947822-08-5. https://dcc.dickinson.edu/vergil-aeneid/vergil-aeneid-x-16-61