(1) L. Cornēliō Scīpiōne et C. Laeliō cōnsulibus Scīpiō Āfricānus frātrī suō L. Cornēliō Scīpiōnī cōnsulī lēgātus contrā Antiochum profectus est. Hannibal, quī cum Antiochō erat, nāvālī proeliō victus est.
(2) Ipse posteā Antiochus circā Sipylum <apud> Māgnēsiam Asiae cīvitātem ā cōnsule Cornēliō Scīpiōne ingentī proeliō fūsus est. Auxiliō fuit Rōmānīs in eā pūgnā Eumenēs Attalī rēgis frater, quī Eumeniam in Phrygiā condidit. Quīnquāgintā mīlia peditum, tria equitum eō certāmine ex parte rēgis occīsa sunt.
(3) Tum rēx pācem petit. Īsdem condiciōnibus data est ā senātū, quamquam victō, quibus ante offerēbātur: ut ex Eurōpā et Asiā recēderet atque intrā Taurum sē continēret, decem mīlia talentōrum et vīgintī obsidēs praebēret, Hannibalem concitātōrem bellī dēderet. Eumenī rēgī dōnātae sunt ā senātū omnēs Asiae cīvitātēs, quās Antiochus bellō perdiderat, et Rhodiīs, quī auxilium Rōmānīs contrā rēgem Antiochum tulerant, multae urbēs concessae sunt. Scīpiō Rōmam rediit, ingentī glōriā triumphāvit. Nōmen et ipse ad imitātiōnem frātris Asiāgenis accēpit, quia Asiam vīcerat, sīcutī frater ipsīus propter Āfricam domitam Āfricānus appellābātur.
notes
The Defeat of Antiochus III (190 CE)
For details, see Polybius 21.11–17; Livy 37.22–45.
(1) L. Cornēliō Scīpiōne et C. Laeliō cōnsulibus: ablative absolute with form of esse assumed (AG 419.a). Lucius Cornelius Scipio Asiaticus and Gaius Laelius were consuls in 190 BCE.
Scīpiō Āfricānus: Although Scipio Africanus was the legatus of his brother, he practically acted as commander, as his brother was a man of no ability (Hazzard).
contrā Antiochum: for the beginning of the war with Antiochus III (the Great), see Brev. 4.3.
Hannibal: for Rome's war with Hannibal, see Brev. 3.7 ff.
nāvālī proeliō: In 190 BCE at Aspendus (Side), a Rhodian fleet of 36 vessels defeated 37 of Antiochus' warships; Hannibal commanded the left division of Antiochus' fleet. Shortly afterwards a Roman and allied fleet mauled Antiochus' main battle fleet at Myonnesus, sinking or capturing 42 ships. This victory gave Rome and its allies command of the sea (Bird).
(2) circā Sipylum: the Battle of Mt. Sipylus or the Battle of Magnesia the decisive battle of the war.
<apud> Māgnēsiam: words in angle brackets are not the in the manuscripts but considered necessary additions by modern editors.
fūsus est: "was routed," "was dispersed" (LS fundo II.b.β).
Auxiliō fuit Rōmānīs: "aided the Romans," double dative construction (AG 382 n.1).
Eumenēs: Antiochus had offered one of his daughters in marriage to Eumenes, the king of Pergamum, on condition that he assist him against the Romans (Hazzard).
Attalī rēgis: see Attalus I and Brev. 3.14.
quī: Eumenes
Eumeniam: see Eumenia.
tria equitum: supply mīlia.
ex parte rēgis: "on the side of the king [Antiochus]" (Hazzard)
(3) rēx: Antiochus
Īsdem condiciōnibus: the conditions are listed in the following purpose clauses, governed by ut (AG 563).
data est: pāx
quamquam victō: "although he had been defeated." Victō is a perfect passive participle as the dative indirect object of data est.
intrā Taurum: "within the Taurus mountains"
concitātōrem bellī: "who had started the war," often it is best to translate nouns of agency by a clause (Hazzard).
Rhodiīs: the inhabitants of the island of Rhodes
triumphāvit: Lucius Cornelius Scipio Asiaticus celebrated his triumph in 189 BCE. For more information on triumphs, see triumphs.
ipse: Scipio Asiagenis, not Africanus.
Asiāgenis: the more usual title is Asiāticus (Hazzard)
vocabulary
Core Vocabulary | Numbers | Dates
|
Cornēlius, ī, m. |
the name of a large and important gens at Rome. See Asina, Cinna, Dolābella, Faustus, Fuscus, Galbus, Lentulus, Rūfinus, Scīpiō, Sulla. |
|
C. |
abbreviation of the praenomen Gaius |
|
Laellus, ī, m. |
C. Laelius, consul 190 B.C. |
|
Sipylus, ī, m. |
a mountain in Lydia |
|
Attalus, ī, m. |
Kings of Pergamon: 1. Attalus I., 241–197 B.C.; 2. Attalus Philadelphus, 159–138 B.C.; 3. Attalus Philometor, 138–133 B.C. |
|
Scīpiō, ōnis, m. |
the name of one of the most illustrious families of Rome, Cornēlius Scīpiō, consul 83 B.C., Cn. Cornēlius Scīpiō, consul 222 B.C., L. (Cornēlius) Scīpiō, consul 259 B.C., P. Cornēlius Scīpiō, consul 218 B.C., P. Cornēlius Scīpiō, consul 191 B.C., P. Cornēlius Scīpiō, praetor 94 B.C., P. Cornēlius Scīpiō Āfricānus, consul 205 BC the conqueror of Hannibal in the First Punic War., P. Cornēlius Scīpiō Āfricānus (Minor), consul 147 B.C. He brought the Third Punic War to a close by capturing and destroying Carthage., L. Cornēlius Scīpiō Asiāgenēs, consul 83 B.C., P. (Cornēlius) Scīpiō Nāsīca, consul 91 B.C. |
|
Antiochus, ī, m. |
kings of Syria: Antiochus II., called Theos, 261–246 B.; Antiochus III., called the Great, 223–187 B.C.; Antiochus IV., called Epiphanes, 175–164 B.C. |
|
Hannibal, alis, m. |
the son of Hamilcar Barca, the great general of the Carthaginians in the second Punic war |
|
nāvālis, e [nāvis], adj. |
naval |
|
Māgnēsia, ae, f. |
a city of Asia Minor near Mount Sipylus in Lydia |
|
Asia, ae, f. |
Asia; the Roman province of Asia Minor |
|
Eumenēs, is, m. |
king of Pergamus, 197–159 B.C. |
|
Eumenia, ae, f. |
a city in Phrygia |
|
Phrygia, ae, f. |
a division of Asia Minor |
|
pedes, itis [pēs], m. |
a foot soldier, infantry |
|
certāmen, inis [certō, to fight], n. |
a struggle, battle, engagement |
|
talentum, ī, n. |
a talent, a Greek money measure worth about $1100 |
|
Eurōpa, ae, f. |
Europe |
|
Taurus, ī, m. |
a mountain range in Asia Minor |
|
obses, idis [obsideō], m. and f. |
a hostage |
|
concitātor, ōris m |
one who rouses, a mover, exciter |
|
dēdō, dere, didī, ditus |
to give up, surrender; devote |
|
Rhodiī, ōrum, pl. m. |
the Rhodians, the people of the island of Rhodes |
|
triumphō, āre, āvī, ātus |
to celebrate a triumph |
|
imitātiō, ōnis [imitor], f. |
a copying, imitation |
|
Asiāgenēs, is, m. |
a Greek term for the Latin Asiāticus; cognomen of L. Cornēlius Scīpiō, conqueror of Antiochus |
|
domō, āre, uī, itus |
to tame, conquer |