Venerat antiquis Corythi de finibus Acron,719

Graius homo, infectos linquens profugus hymenaeos.720

hunc ubi miscentem longe media agmina uidit,

purpureum pennis et pactae coniugis ostro,

impastus stabula alta leo ceu saepe peragrans

(suadet enim uesana fames), si forte fugacem

conspexit capream aut surgentem in cornua ceruum,725

gaudet hians immane comasque arrexit et haeret

uisceribus super incumbens; lauit improba taeter

ora cruor—

sic ruit in densos alacer Mezentius hostis.

sternitur infelix Acron et calcibus atram730

tundit humum exspirans infractaque tela cruentat.

atque idem fugientem haud est dignatus Oroden

sternere nec iacta caecum dare cuspide uulnus;

obuius aduersoque occurrit seque uiro uir

contulit, haud furto melior sed fortibus armis.735

tum super abiectum posito pede nixus et hasta:

'pars belli haud temnenda, uiri, iacet altus Orodes.'

conclamant socii laetum paeana secuti;

ille autem exspirans: 'non me, quicumque es, inulto,

uictor, nec longum laetabere; te quoque fata740

prospectant paria atque eadem mox arua tenebis.'

ad quem subridens mixta Mezentius ira:

'nunc morere. ast de me diuum pater atque hominum rex

uiderit.' hoc dicens eduxit corpore telum.

olli dura quies oculos et ferreus urget745

somnus, in aeternam clauduntur lumina noctem.

    CORE VOCABULARY

    veniō, vēnī, ventus: to come, freq.; come forth; approach, 6.755; rise, appear, 1.353; dawn, 10.241; to present one's self or itself, 5.344; descend, spring from, 5.373; impers., ventum est, we, they came or have come, 4.151.

    Corythus, ī, m.: an ancient city of Etruria, later, and now Cortona, 3.170.

    Ācrōn, ōnis, m.: a Greek warrior, 10.719.

    Grāius, a, um (dissyl.): (adj.), Greek, Greek, 2.598; subs., Grāius, iī, m., a Greek, 3.594.

    īnfectus, a, um: not done; unworked, unwrought, 10.528; unfinished, unconsummated, 10.720; not actual; untrue, 4.190; of a covenant, not made, unmade, 12.243; broken, 12.286.

    linquō, līquī, 3, a.: to leave, 1.517, and freq.; desert, abandon, flee from, 3.213; pass by, 3.705; depart from, leave, 3.124; of death, yield up, 3.140; give up or over, desist from, 3.160.

    profugus, a, um: adj. (profugiō, flee), fleeing forth; fugitive, exiled, 1.2.

    Hymenaeus, ī, m.: Hymen, the god of marriage, 4.127; pl., Hymenaeī, ōrum, (meton.), marriage, 1.651.

    purpureus, a, um: adj. (purpura), of purple; purple-colored, scarlet, red, purple, 1.337; of blood, 9.349; ruddy, glowing, brilliant, 1.591.

    penna (pinna), ae, f.: a feather, 12.750; wing, pinion, 3.258; in the form pinna, a pinnacle, battlement, palisade, 7.159.

    pacta, ae, f.: one contracted for; a bride, 10.79. (pacīscor)

    ostrum, ī, n.: the purple fluid of the murex; purple dye, purple, 5.111; purple cloth, covering or drapery, 1.700; purple decoration, 10.722; purple trappings, housings, 7.277.

    impāstus, a, um: (adj.), unfed; hungry, 9.339.

    stabulum, ī, n.: stable, stall, 2.499; a shepherd's dwelling, grange, 7.512; den, haunt, 6.179; cattle-camp, 8.207. (stō)

    leō, leōnis, m.: a lion, 2.722, et al.

    ceu: (adv. and conj.), as, just as, 5.88; as if, 2.438, et al. (ce-ve)

    peragrō, āvī, ātus, 1, n. and a.: to go through fields or lands; to roam, travel; traverse, 1.384. (per and ager)

    suādeō, suāsī, suāsus, 2, n. and a.: to advise, warn, urge, exhort, 1.357, et al.; invite, 2.9; impel, prompt, 11.254; compel, force, 10.367.

    vēsānus, a, um: insane, mad, furious, 9.340.

    fugāx, ācis: adj. (fugiō), swift in flight; fleet, 10.697; timid, 9.591.

    cōnspiciō, spexī, spectus, 3, a.: to have a complete view of; to look at, see, behold, 1.152; descry, discover, find, 6.508; p., cōnspectus, a, um, conspicuous. (com- and speciō, look)

    caprea, ae, f.: a kind of wild goat; a roe. (caper)

    cervus, ī, m.: a stag, deer, 1.184, et al.

    hiō, āvī, ātus, 1, n. and a.: to yawn, gape; to distend or open the mouth, 6.493; p., hiāns, antis, with open mouth, 12.754.

    immāne: (adv.), wildly, fiercely, 12.535.

    arrigō, rēxī, rēctus, 3, a.: to raise up; erect; bristle up, 10.726; (fig.), to excite, rouse; p., arrēctus, a, um, standing up, rising; erect, 5.426; bristling, 11.754; attentive, 1.152; animated, roused, encouraged, 1.579; ardent, intent; intense, 5.138; in fearful expectation, 12.731. (ad and regō)

    haereō, haesī, haesus, 2, n.: to stick; foll. by dat., or by abl. w. or without a prep.; hang, cling, adhere, cling to, 1.476, et al.; stop, stand fixed, 6.559; halt, 11.699; adhere to as companion, 10.780; stick to in the chase, 12.754; persist, 2.654; dwell, 4.4; pause, hesitate, 3.597; be fixed or decreed, 4.614.

    vīscus, eris, n.: an inner part of the body; pl., vīscera, um, the entrails, vitals, 6.599; the flesh, 1.211; heart, bosom, 6.833.

    incumbō, cubuī, cubitus, 3, n.: to lay one's self upon; lean or recline upon; (w. dat.), lie on or stretch over, 2.205; fall upon, 1.84; bend to, ply, 5.15; hasten, urge, press on, 2.653; overhang, 2.514; press or bend toward, 5.325; (w. ad and acc.), lean, hang, incline, 8.236; absolute, bend to, urge on the work, 4.397.

    lavō, lāvī, lautus, and lōtus, 1 and 3, a. and n.: to wash, bathe, 3.663; wet, sprinkle, 6.227; p., lautus, a, um, washed; neat, elegant; stately, magnificent, 8.361.

    improbus, a, um: (adj.), not good; bad; malicious, wicked; cruel, 2.80; savage, 10.727; furiously impelled, destructive, 12.687; unappeasable, ravenous, rapacious, 12.250; importunate, raging, 2.356; of military devices, with warlike craft, 11.512; with murderous intent, 11.767; subst., m., shameless, impudent boaster, braggart, 5.397; wretch, 4.386.

    taeter, tra, trum: (adj.), disagreeable; foul, loathsome, 3.228.

    cruor, ōris, m.: shed blood; gore, 3.43; 4.455; blood.

    ruō, ruī, rutus, 3, n. and a.: to fall with violence; tumble down, fall, freq.; fall in battle, 10.756; of the sun, go down, set, 3.508; rush forward, 2.64; of the chariot of Nox, hasten up; ascend, rise, 2.250; advance, 10.256; plunge, rush, 2.353; flee, 12.505; tremble, quake, 8.525; hasten, pass away, 6.539; cause to fall; cast down, 9.516; plow, 1.35; cast, throw up, 1.85; throw up or together, 11.211.

    dēnsus, a, um: (adj.), thick, dense, crowded, compact, in close array, serried, 2.383; frequent, 5.459.

    alacer (alacris, m., 5.380), cris, cre: (adj.), lively; active, eager; bold, darting, exulting, 10.729; joyful, 5.380.

    Mēzentius, iī, m.: tyrant of Agylla or Caere, and ally of Latinus and Turnus, 7.648.

    sternō, strāvī, strātus, 3, a.: to spread out, spread, 1.700; stretch on the ground, strike down, slay, 1.190; cast down, prostrate, devastate, 2.306; make level, smooth, calm, 5.763; spread, cover, 8.719; strew, litter; overthrow, conquer, 6.858; pass. (in middle sense), sternor, ī, to stretch one's self, lie down, 3.509.

    īnfēlīx, īcis: (adj.), unlucky; unfortunate, luckless, unhappy, 1.475, et al.; sad, miserable, 2.772; of ill omen, ill-starred, ill-boding, fatal, 2.245; unfruitful.

    calx, calcis, f., and rarely m.: the heel, 5.324; the hoof of a horse, the fore foot, or hoof, 10.892; a spur, 11.714.

    āter, tra, trum: (adj.), black; dark, gloomy, 1.60, et al.; smoky, lurid, 7.456; 4.384; clotted, dark, 3.622; soiled, blackened, 2.272; (fig.), sad, fatal, 6.429; venomous, deadly; of the odor of smoke, 12.591.

    tundō, tutudī, tūnsus or tūsus, 3, a.: to beat, pound, bruise, strike, smite, 1.481; lash, 5.125; (fig.), importune, assail, 4.448.

    exspīrō, āvī, ātus, 1, a. and n.: to breathe out, 1.44; to expire, die, 10.731.

    īnfringō, frēgī, frāctus, 3, a.: to break in; break, 12.387; (fig.), to break down, subdue, 5.784; dishearten, paralyze, 9.499. (in and frangō)

    cruentō, āvī, ātus, 1, a.: to make bloody, stain with blood, 10.731. (cruentus)

    dīgnor, ātus sum, 1, dep. a.: (w. acc. and abl.), to deem worthy of, 1.335; (w. inf.), think, fit, deign, 4.192; p., dīgnātus, a, um, with pass. meaning, deemed worthy of, honored by, 3.475. (dīgnus)

    Orōdēs, is, m.: an Etruscan slain by Mezentius, 10.732.

    nec or neque: (adv. and conj.), and not; neither, nor, 1.643, et al.; in prohibition, 3.394, et al.; neque (nec) — neque (nec), neither — nor, 5.21, et al.; nec — et, or -que, may be rendered neither — nor, 12.801; 2.534; nec nōn, and also, nor less, 6.183; nec nōn et, and also, 1.707.

    cuspis, idis, f.: a spear point, 7.817; point, 5.208; spear, lance, javelin; a spear, 12.386; a spear or, perhaps, the shaft of a spear as a scepter, 1.81.

    obvius, a, um: adj. (ob and via), in the way; presenting one's self or itself; meeting, 1.314; against, 6.880; opposing, 9.56; in the way of; exposed to, 3.499; obvius fierī, to encounter, meet, 10.380.

    fūrtum, ī, n.: that which is stolen; (meton.), the act of stealing; theft; secrecy, concealment, 4.337; artifice, deceit, fraud, deception, 6.24; treacherous deed (adultery), 10.91; stealthy attack, stratagem, 9.350; fūrta bellī, an ambuscade, 11.515. (fūr)

    abiciō, iēcī, iectus, 3, a.: to cast off, away or down, 10.736. (ab and iaciō)

    nītor, nīsus or nīxus sum, 3, dep. n.: to lean or rest upon, w. abl., 6.760; tread, walk upon, 2.380; to be borne upon, poised or balanced upon, 4.252; push, press, struggle forward or upward; ascend, 2.443.

    hasta, ae, f.: a spear, 2.50, and freq.; hasta pūra, a headless spear, 6.760; pampinea hasta, a thyrsus, 7.396.

    temnō, 3, a.: to despise, disdain, scorn, defy, 1.665; p., temnendus, a, um, to be despised; insignificant, small, 10.737.

    conclāmō, āvī, ātus, 1, n. and a.: to call out aloud; shout, cry, 3.523; call together, 7.504.

    Paeān, ānis, m. (acc. paeāna and -em): originally Paean, the god of healing; later applied to Apollo; hence, a hymn in honor of Apollo, or of other deities; a triumphal chant; a paean, 6.657; song or shout of victory, 10.738.

    inultus, a, um: (adj.), unavenged, 2.670.

    laetor, ātus sum, 1, dep. n.: to rejoice, w. abl., gen., infin., or absolute, 1.393, et al. (laetus)

    prōspectō, āvī, ātus, 1, intens. n. and a.: to look forth; look forth upon; gaze at, 7.813; behold, look for, await, 10.741. (prōspiciō)

    pār, paris: (adj.), equal, 1.705; like, 2.794; equal, well-poised, steady, 4.252; side by side, 5.580; well-matched, 5.114.

    subrīdeō, rīsī, 2, n.: to smile, 1.254; 10.742.

    misceō, miscuī, mixtus or mistus, 2, a.: to mix; mingle (the object with which is in dat., or in abl. alone, or w. prep.), 1.440; unite, 4.112; multiply, 12.720; assemble, flock together, 7.704; confuse, disturb, confound, agitate, 1.134; scatter, 1.191.

    quiēs, ētis, f.: rest, repose, 3.495; sleep, 2.268; respite, intermission, 1.723.

    ferreus, a, um: adj. (ferrum), of iron, iron-, 3.45; (fig.), inflexible, stern, iron; of death, 10.745.

    urgeō, ursī, 2, a. and n.: to drive, impel, press forward, 1.111; ply, hasten, 9.489; press, oppress, crush, bear down, 3.579; press around, inclose, surround, hem in, 11.524; weigh upon, oppress, close, 10.745; overpower, 2.653; attack, 10.375; punish, torture, 6.561.

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    Suggested Citation

    Christopher Francese and Meghan Reedy, Vergil: Aeneid Selections. Carlisle, Pennsylvania: Dickinson College Commentaries, 2016. ISBN: 978-1-947822-08-5. https://dcc.dickinson.edu/vergil-aeneid/vergil-aeneid-x-719-746