Iamque dies caelo concesserat almaque curru215

noctiuago Phoebe medium pulsabat Olympum:

Aeneas (neque enim membris dat cura quietem)

ipse sedens clauumque regit uelisque ministrat.

atque illi medio in spatio chorus, ecce, suarum

occurrit comitum: nymphae, quas alma Cybebe220

numen habere maris nymphasque e nauibus esse

iusserat, innabant pariter fluctusque secabant,

quot prius aeratae steterant ad litora prorae.

agnoscunt longe regem lustrantque choreis;

quarum quae fandi doctissima Cymodocea225

pone sequens dextra puppim tenet ipsaque dorso

eminet ac laeua tacitis subremigat undis.

tum sic ignarum adloquitur: 'uigilasne, deum gens,

Aenea? uigila et uelis immitte rudentis.

nos sumus, Idaeae sacro de uertice pinus,230

nunc pelagi nymphae, classis tua. perfidus ut nos

praecipitis ferro Rutulus flammaque premebat,

rupimus inuitae tua uincula teque per aequor

quaerimus. hanc genetrix faciem miserata refecit

et dedit esse deas aeuumque agitare sub undis.235

at puer Ascanius muro fossisque tenetur

tela inter media atque horrentis Marte Latinos.

iam loca iussa tenent forti permixtus Etrusco

Arcas eques; medias illis opponere turmas,

ne castris iungant, certa est sententia Turno.240

surge age et Aurora socios ueniente uocari

primus in arma iube, et clipeum cape quem dedit ipse

inuictum ignipotens atque oras ambiit auro.

crastina lux, mea si non inrita dicta putaris,

ingentis Rutulae spectabit caedis aceruos.'245

dixerat et dextra discedens impulit altam

haud ignara modi puppim: fugit illa per undas

ocior et iaculo et uentos aequante sagitta.

inde aliae celerant cursus. stupet inscius ipse

Tros Anchisiades, animos tamen omine tollit.250

tum breuiter supera aspectans conuexa precatur:

'alma parens Idaea deum, cui Dindyma cordi

turrigeraeque urbes biiugique ad frena leones,

tu mihi nunc pugnae princeps, tu rite propinques

augurium Phrygibusque adsis pede, diua, secundo.'255

tantum effatus, et interea reuoluta ruebat

matura iam luce dies noctemque fugarat;

principio sociis edicit signa sequantur

atque animos aptent armis pugnaeque parent se.

    CORE VOCABULARY

    concēdō, essī, essus, 3, a. and n.: to retire; come away, come, 2.523; go away, depart, 2.91; subside, come to an end, terminate, 8.41; allow, yield, grant, concede, 5.798; give up to, abandon, 7.305.

    almus, a, um: adj. (alō), giving nourishment; fostering, genial, blessing, blessed, benign, 1.306; fruitful; gracious, kind, kindly, propitious, 7.774.

    noctivagus, a, um: adj. (nox and vagus, wandering), night-wandering; nightly, nocturnal, 10.216.

    Phoebē, ēs, f.: the sister of Apollo; Diana, Luna.

    pulsō, āvī, ātus, 1, intens. a. and n.: to beat much; batter, buffet, 5.460; strike, 6.647; lash, 3.555; beat with the hoofs, dash along, 11.660; violate, insult, 12.286; pulsate, throb, 5.138; rebound, 4.313. (pellō)

    Olympus, ī, m.: Olympus, the name of several mountains in Greece and Asia Minor, the most famous of which was Mount Olympus in the northeastern part of Thessaly; the home of the superior gods; heaven, Olympus, 1.374; referring to the gods, 8.533.

    Aenēās, ae, m.: 1. A Trojan chief, son of Venus and Anchises, and hero of the Aeneid, 1.92. 2. Aenēās Silvius, one of the Alban kings, 6.769.

    quiēs, ētis, f.: rest, repose, 3.495; sleep, 2.268; respite, intermission, 1.723.

    clāvus, ī, m.: a nail, a peg; a helm, 5.177.

    vēlum, ī, n.: a cloth; sail, 1.103, et al.; a curtain, canvas, covering, 1.469.

    ministrō, āvī, ātus, 1, a.: to serve, attend to, manage, 6.302; to minister, give, furnish, supply, 1.150. (minister)

    chorus, ī, m.: a dance in a circle; a dance; a company of singers or dancers, choir, train, 1.499; band, troop, 5.581; festival, 11.737.

    nympha, ae, f.: a bride, a maiden; a nymph, one of the inferior deities, presiding over fountains, woods, etc., 1.71, et al.

    Cybelē, ēs, and Cybēbē, ēs, or ae, f.: 1. Cybele, the principal goddess of Phrygia, corresponding to the “Magna Mater” of the Romans, and often identified with Rhea and Ops, 10.220. 2. A mountain in Phrygia sacred to Cybele, 3.111.

    iubeō, iussī (fut. perf. iussō for iusserō, 11.467), iussus, 2, a.: to order, request, usually w. inf., freq.; bid, 2.3; ask, invite, 1.708; will, wish, desire, 3.261; direct, enjoin, admonish, 3.697; persuade, advise, 2.37; to clear by command, 10.444; w. subj., 10.53.

    innō, āvī, ātus, 1, n. and a.: to swim upon or over, 8.691; swim, 10.222; (w. acc.), sail over, 6.134; swim, pass by swimming.

    pariter: (adv.), equally, 2.729; also, in like manner, in the same manner, on equal terms, 1.572; side by side, 2.205; at the same time, 10.865; pariter — pariter, 8.545. (pār)

    secō, secuī, sectus, 1, a.: to cut, freq.; cut off, 4.704; engrave, carve, 3.464; cut through, cleave, 5.218, et al.; of the channel of a river, 8.63; sail through, pass, 8.96; speed, 6.899; shape out mentally, form, 10.107.

    quot: (interrog. and rel. adj. indecl.), how many? so or as many as, 4.181, et al.

    aerātus, a, um: adj. (aes), furnished with copper, bronze; made of bronze, 2.481; bronze-covered; with brazen prow, 8.675; armed with bronze; armed, 7.703.

    prōra, ae, f.: the extreme forward part of a ship; the prow, 1.104.

    adgnoscō, nōvī, nitus, 3, a.: to recognize, 1.470.

    lūstrō, āvī, ātus, 1, a.: to purify by atonement, 3.279; go round the fields with the victims; hence to bless, ask for a blessing on; go or dance around an altar or the image of a god, 7.391; traverse, pass across, around, or over, 1.608; pass in review, parade before, 5.578; run through, 2.528; search, 1.577; observe, survey, 1.453; watch, mark, 11.763; of the sun, illuminate, 4.607. (lūstrum)

    chorēa, ae, f.: a circling dance, 10.224; a dance, 6.644.

    doctus, a, um: well-informed; learned, wise, experienced, skillful, 10.225, et al. (doceō)

    Cȳmodocē, ēs, and Cȳmodocēa, ae, f.: Cymodoce, a Nereid, 5.826; 10.225.

    pōne: (adv. of place), behind, after, 2.208.

    puppis, is, f.: the hinder part of a ship; the stern, 5.12; (by synecdoche), a vessel, boat, ship, 1.69; (meton.), crew, 8.497.

    dorsum, ī, n.: the back, 11.577; a ridge, reef of rocks, 1.110; a bank, 10.303.

    ēmineō, uī, 2, n.: to stand out, project, rise up, 10.227.

    atque, or ac: (conj.), and in addition, or and besides; and, as well, and indeed, and, 1.575; freq.; even, 2.626; in comparisons, as, 4.90; than, 3.561.

    laeva, ae, f. (sc. manus): the left hand, 1.611; ab laevā, on the left side, 8.460.

    subrēmigō, 1, n.: to row lightly, swim along, 10.227.

    ignārus, a, um: (adj.), not knowing; freq.; unaware, ignorant, 11.154; often w. genit., ignorant of, 1.630; unsuspicious of, 2.106; unconscious, 9.345; not knowing the land; (pass.), unknown, a stranger, 10.706.

    adloquor, locūtus sum, 3, dep. a.: to address, 1, 229.

    vigilō, āvī, ātus, 1, n. and a.: n., to be awake, watch, 10.228; wake up, awake, 4.573; a., to watch against, look out for, guard against; p., vigilāns, antis, watchful, 5.438. (vigil)

    immittō, mīsī, missus, 3, a.: to send upon or to; drive to, 6.312; bring upon, 4.488; let in, 2.495; let fly, go, loosen, 6.1; hurl, fling, cast, 11.562; (with sē), rush into, 6.262; p., immissus, a, um, of the reins of horses, let loose; hence, (fig.), swiftly running, 5.146; unchecked, unbridled, 5.662; of the hair or beard, descending, left growing, neglected, long, 3.593.

    rudēns, entis, m.: a rope; cord; pl., rudentēs, um or ium, cordage, 1.87.

    Īdaeus, a, um: (adj.), of Mount Ida (either in Crete or in the Troad), Idaean, 3.105; 2.696, et al.; pertaining to Cybele, goddess of the Trojan Ida, 9.112.

    vertex, icis, m.: a whirl; whirlpool, 7.567; vortex, 1.117; whirling column of flame, 12.673; the top, crown of the head, the head, 1.403; summit, top, 1.163; mountain summit, height, 3.679; ā vertice, from on high, from above, 1.114. (vertō)

    pīnus, ūs or ī: a pine tree, pine, 3.659, et al.; (meton.), a ship, 5.153; a torch, 7.397; a pine brand or torch, 9.522.

    pelagus, ī, n.: the sea; open sea, main, 1.138; flood, 1.246.

    perfidus, a, um: adj. (per and fidēs), violating one's faith; faithless, perfidious, treacherous, 4.305; of things, disappointing; deceptive, treacherous, 12.731.

    praeceps, cipitis: adj. (prae and caput), head foremost; headlong, 2.307; deep, 11.888; hurried, hasty, quick, speedy, 4.573; flying, running swiftly, 2.516; 3.598; rash, impetuous, fiery, 9.685; prolept., ready to sink, 10.232; subst., praeceps, n., a steep, precipice, verge, 2.460; in praeceps, headlong; downwards, 6.578.

    Rutulus, ī, m.: a Rutulian; Turnus, 7.409; for the pl., the Rutulians, 8.474.

    invītus, a, um: (adj.), unwilling, 6.460; unfriendly, 2.402.

    genetrīx, īcis, f.: she who brings forth; mother, 1.590, et al. (gignō)

    miseror, ātus sum, 1, dep. a.: to express, manifest, or feel pity for; compassionate, pity, 1.597. (miser)

    rēficiō, fēcī, fectus, 3, a.: to make again; restore, 10.234; repair, amend, recruit, refresh, reanimate, encourage, 11.731. (re- and faciō)

    Ascanius, iī, m.: Ascanius, son of Aeneas, and traditional founder of Alba Longa, 1.267.

    fossa, ae, f.: a ditch, trench, 7.157. (fodiō)

    horreō, 2, n. and a.: to bristle up or be bristling, 6.419; to bristle, 11.602; (fig.), to shudder, tremble, 2.12; shudder at, fear, dread, 4.209.

    Mārs (archaic form, Māvors), Mārtis: Mars, son of Jupiter and Juno; the patron of war and tutelar god of the Romans, 1.274, et al.; (meton.), martial spirit, courage, warlike fury, 6.165; battle, conflict, 2.335, et al.

    Latīnī, ōrum, m.: the people of Latium; the Latins, 12.823, et al.

    permisceō, miscuī, mistus or mixtus, 2, a.: to mix completely; mix, mingle, 1.488; (fig.), disturb, confound, 7.348.

    Etrūscus, a, um: adj. (Etrūria), Etrurian, Tuscan, 8.503; subst., Etrūscī, ōrum, m., the Etrurians, Tuscans, 9.150.

    Arcas, adis, m.: an Arcadian, 10.452;(adj.), 11.835.

    oppōnō, posuī, positus, 3, a.: to place or put before or against, 5.335; oppose, 7.300; present, expose, 2.127; p., oppositus, a, um, placed in the way, opposed, 12.292; opposing, 2.333. (ob and pōnō)

    turma, ae, f.: a squadron or troop, properly of Roman cavalry; in general, a troop, squadron, 5.560; host, army, 11.503; in turmās, into or in squadrons, 11.599.

    Turnus, ī, m.: the chief of the Rutulians, 7.56, et al.

    age, agite: (imperat. of ago), onward! away! come on!

    aurōra, ae, f.: the dawn, morning, 3.521; personified, Aurora, the goddess of the dawn, who precedes the horses of the sun-god, 4.585; the east, 8.686; the sun, 6.535.

    veniō, vēnī, ventus: to come, freq.; come forth; approach, 6.755; rise, appear, 1.353; dawn, 10.241; to present one's self or itself, 5.344; descend, spring from, 5.373; impers., ventum est, we, they came or have come, 4.151.

    clipeus, ī, m., and clipeum, ī, n.: a round shield; a shield, 2.227, et al.

    invictus, a, um: (adj.), unconquered; invincible, 6.365.

    īgnipotēns, entis: adj. (īgnis and potēns), having power over fire; subst., Īgnipotēns, the fire-god, Vulcan, 10.243.

    ōra, ae, f.: a margin, border, 12.924; coast, shore, 3.396; region, 2.91; rim, extremity, 10.477; pl., outline, compass, 9.528.

    ambiō, īvī or iī, ītus, 4, a. and n.: to go round; encompass, 6.550; (fig.), approach, address, 4.283; entrap, circumvent, 7.333. (amb- and eō)

    crāstinus, a, um: adj. (crās, the morrow), pertaining to the morrow; tomorrow’s, 4.118.

    inritus, a, um: baffled in calculation or purpose; ineffectual, unavailing; useless, vain, 2.459. (2. in- and ratus)

    dictum, ī, n.: a thing said; word, 1.197; command, precept, injunction, 1.695; promise, 8.643. (dīcō)

    acervus, ī, m.: a heap, pile, 4.402.

    discēdō, cessī, cessus, 3, n.: to go apart or away, retire, withdraw, depart, 2.644; open, 9.20.

    impellō, pulī, pulsus, 3, a.: to push, thrust, drive to or upon; push onward, impel, 5.242; push, open, 7.621; smite, 1.82; ply, 4.594; put in motion, urge on, 8.3; shoot, 12.856; move, disturb, 3.449; (w. inf.), lead on, impel, induce, persuade, 2.55; force, compel, 1.11.

    modus, ī, m.: a method, 4.294; mode, manner, way, 1.354, et al.; a measure, of song, measure, strain, note, 7.701, et al.; bound, limit, end, 4.98, et al.; fashion, of building, 11.328; abl., modō, in the manner or fashion; like, 9.119.

    ōcior, ius: adj. comp. (superl., ōcissimus, a, um), swifter, more fleet, 5.319, et al.; (adv.), ōcius, more swiftly; rapidly, speedily, quickly, swiftly, 12.681.

    iaculum, ī, n.: a thing hurled; a spear, dart, or javelin, 3.46, et al. (iaciō)

    aequō, āvī, ātus, 1, a. and n.: to make equal in size, number, weight, etc., 1.193; 5.419; to equalize, divide equally, 1.508; make equal in length, 9.338; in height, raise to, 4.89; to equal, be equal to; to be as high as, on a level with; keep pace with, 6.263; return equally, requite, 6.474; lift, exalt, 11.125; p., aequātus, a, um, made equal or even; steady, 4.587. (aequus)

    sagitta, ae, f.: an arrow, 1.187, et al.

    celerō, āvī, ātus, 1, a.: to speed, hasten, 1.357, et al. (celer)

    stupeō, uī, 2, n. and a.: to be amazed or dazed; to be bewildered, confounded, lost in wonder, 1.495; wonder at, 2.31.

    īnscius, a, um: not knowing; unaware, unwitting, ignorant, 1.718; amazed, bewildered, 2.307; w. gen., ignorant of, 12.648.

    Trōs, ōis, m.: Trojan, 6.52, et al. (Tros, one of the kings of Troy)

    Anchīsiadēs, ae, m.: son of Anchises; Aeneas, 5.407.

    ōmen, inis, n.: a prognostic, token, sign, omen, 2.182; (meton.), evil, 2.190; auspicious beginning, 7.174; pl., auspices; rites, 1.346; in ōmen, as or for a warning, 12.854.

    aspectō, āvī, ātus, 1, intens. a.: to look at or upon, behold, 10.4; survey earnestly, 6.186; with admiration, 1.420; with regret, 5.615. (ad and spectō)

    convexum, ī, n.: a convexity; recess, 1.310; pl., convexa, ōrum, vault, arch, 4.451; the concave vaulted sky or heavens, 6.241; convexities, sloping or hollow sides, 1.608.

    Dindyma, ōrum, n., and Dindymus, ī, m.: Mount Dindymus or Dindyma, in Mysia, sacred to Cybele, 9.618.

    turriger, gera, gerum: adj. (turris and gerō), turret-bearing, tower-crowned, 7.631; 10.253.

    biiugus, a, um: adj. (bis and iugum), of a two-horse team or chariot; coupled, yoked, 10.253; chariot-, 5.144; subst. biiugī, ōrum, m., a double team or two-horse chariot, 10.575.

    frēnum, ī, n.; in the pl. sometimes frēnī, ōrum: a bit, 4.135; bridle, reins, 3.542; (fig.), 6.100.

    leō, leōnis, m.: a lion, 2.722, et al.

    rīte: (adv.), properly, fitly, rightly, 6.145; justly, meetly, 3.36; well, 3.107. (rītus)

    propinquō, āvī, ātus, 1, a. and n.: to bring near; render favorable, 10.254; to draw near, approach, w. dat., 2.730, et al. (propinquus)

    augurium, iī, n.: the business of the augur; augury, divination, 1.392; an augury, omen, portent, 2.703; oracle, 3.89; presage, 5.523. (augur)

    Phryges, um, m.: Phrygians; the inhabitants of Phrygia, which originally included the Troad; hence, also, Trojans, 1.468, et al.; sing., Phryx, ygis, m., a Phrygian or Trojan, 12.99.

    adsum, adfuī, esse, irreg. n.: to be near or by; to be present, at hand, or here, 1.595; to have arrived, 2.132; to be with, attend, 2.701; aid, accompany, 10.547; be propitious, 3.116; to beset, 2.330; inf., adfore, to be about to come, destined to come, 7.270. (imp. subj., adforem, -ēs, -et, -ent)

    dīva, ae, f.: a goddess, 1.632, et al.

    effor, fātus sum, 1, dep. a. and n.: to speak forth; speak, say, 6.560. (ex and for)

    intereā: (adv.), amid these things; meanwhile, in the meantime, 1.418, et al.

    revolvō, volvī, volūtus, 3, a.: to roll back, 5.336; (fig.), bring back, recall, repeat, 2.101; retrace, 9.391; go over again, suffer again, 10.61; turn, change again, 6.449; (pass.), revolvor, fall back, fall down, 9.476; p., revolūtus, a, um, rolling, 10.660; returning, following, 10.256.

    ruō, ruī, rutus, 3, n. and a.: to fall with violence; tumble down, fall, freq.; fall in battle, 10.756; of the sun, go down, set, 3.508; rush forward, 2.64; of the chariot of Nox, hasten up; ascend, rise, 2.250; advance, 10.256; plunge, rush, 2.353; flee, 12.505; tremble, quake, 8.525; hasten, pass away, 6.539; cause to fall; cast down, 9.516; plow, 1.35; cast, throw up, 1.85; throw up or together, 11.211.

    mātūrus, a, um: (adj.), ripe, mature; advanced, 5.73.

    ēdīcō, dīxī, dictus, 3, a.: to speak forth; declare; decree, order, w. subj. or inf., 3.235; announce, order, charge, 11.463.

    aptō, āvī, ātus, 1, a.: to fit, join, or fasten to; with acc. and dat., 8.721; put on, 2.390; get ready, prepare, 10.259; fit out, prepare, 1.552; with abl. of manner, 8.80. (aptus)

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    Suggested Citation

    Christopher Francese and Meghan Reedy, Vergil: Aeneid Selections. Carlisle, Pennsylvania: Dickinson College Commentaries, 2016. ISBN: 978-1-947822-08-5. https://dcc.dickinson.edu/vergil-aeneid/vergil-aeneid-x-215-259