Et iam prima nouo spargebat lumine terras

Tithoni croceum linquens Aurora cubile.460

iam sole infuso, iam rebus luce retectis

Turnus in arma uiros armis circumdatus ipse

suscitat: aeratasque acies in proelia cogunt,

quisque suos, uariisque acuunt rumoribus iras.

quin ipsa arrectis (uisu miserabile) in hastis465

praefigunt capita et multo clamore sequuntur

Euryali et Nisi.

Aeneadae duri murorum in parte sinistra

opposuere aciem (nam dextera cingitur amni),

ingentisque tenent fossas et turribus altis470

stant maesti; simul ora uirum praefixa mouebant

nota nimis miseris atroque fluentia tabo.

    CORE VOCABULARY

    spargō, sparsī, sparsus, 3, a.: to scatter, strew; cast in fragments, 3.605; disperse, 1.602; shower, hurl, 12.51; sprinkle, 4.512; besprinkle, bedew, stain, 8.645; infuse, 4.486; (fig.), spread abroad, disseminate, 2.98; bring over or upon, diffuse, 7.754.

    Tīthōnus, ī, m.: brother of Priam, lover of Aurora, by whom he became father of Memnon, 4.585, et al.

    croceus, a, um: adj. (crocus), of saffron; saffron-colored, yellow, 4.585.

    linquō, līquī, 3, a.: to leave, 1.517, and freq.; desert, abandon, flee from, 3.213; pass by, 3.705; depart from, leave, 3.124; of death, yield up, 3.140; give up or over, desist from, 3.160.

    aurōra, ae, f.: the dawn, morning, 3.521; personified, Aurora, the goddess of the dawn, who precedes the horses of the sun-god, 4.585; the east, 8.686; the sun, 6.535.

    cubīle, is, n.: a lair, bed, couch, 3.324. (cubō, lie down)

    īnfundō, fūdī, fūsus, 3, a.: to pour into or upon, 6.254; pour down, 4.122; assemble, crowd together, 5.552; infuse, diffuse, 6.726; (pass.), lie, repose, 8.406.

    retegō, tēxī, tēctus, 3, a.: to uncover; leave uncovered, unprotected, 12.374; bring to light, reveal, disclose, 1.356; of the sunlight, uncover, unveil, illuminate, 4.119.

    Turnus, ī, m.: the chief of the Rutulians, 7.56, et al.

    circumdō, dedī, datus, dare, 1, a.: to put or throw around; (with abl.), to encircle, surround, encompass, inclose with, 1.368; of dress, gird, 9.462; adorn, 6.207; set, 1.593; border, 4.137; (with dat.), throw around, 2.792; twine or coil around, 2.219; put round, 2.510.

    suscitō, āvī, ātus, 1, a.: to stir up, turn up; to rekindle, 5.743; rouse, incite, 2.618; call forth, 8.455.

    aerātus, a, um: adj. (aes), furnished with copper, bronze; made of bronze, 2.481; bronze-covered; with brazen prow, 8.675; armed with bronze; armed, 7.703.

    acuō, uī, ūtus, 3, a.: to make pointed; to sharpen, whet, 8.386; (fig.), stimulate, provoke, 7.330; incite, rouse.

    rūmor, ōris, m.: report, rumor, 4.203; a cheer, shout, 8.90.

    arrigō, rēxī, rēctus, 3, a.: to raise up; erect; bristle up, 10.726; (fig.), to excite, rouse; p., arrēctus, a, um, standing up, rising; erect, 5.426; bristling, 11.754; attentive, 1.152; animated, roused, encouraged, 1.579; ardent, intent; intense, 5.138; in fearful expectation, 12.731. (ad and regō)

    miserābilis, e: adj. (miseror), that deserves to be pitied; pitiable, miserable, deplorable, wretched, 1.111; (adv.), miserābile, wretchedly, pitiably, 12.338.

    hasta, ae, f.: a spear, 2.50, and freq.; hasta pūra, a headless spear, 6.760; pampinea hasta, a thyrsus, 7.396.

    praefīgō, fīxī, fīxus, 3, a.: to fasten before, in front of, w. acc. and dat., 11.778; on the end, 9.466; to tip, head, point, 5.557.

    Euryalus, ī, m.: a Trojan youth among the followers of Aeneas, 5.294.

    Nīsus, ī, m.: a follower of Aeneas, 5.294.

    Aeneadēs, ae, m.: a son of Aeneas; pl., Aeneadae, ārum, followers of Aeneas, the Trojans, 1.565; Aeneadae, 3.18.

    sinister, tra, trum: (adj.), left, 7.689; on the left side or left hand, 6.548; (fig.), wrong-headed, perverse, 11.347; adverse, inauspicious, unlucky, ill-boding.

    oppōnō, posuī, positus, 3, a.: to place or put before or against, 5.335; oppose, 7.300; present, expose, 2.127; p., oppositus, a, um, placed in the way, opposed, 12.292; opposing, 2.333. (ob and pōnō)

    fossa, ae, f.: a ditch, trench, 7.157. (fodiō)

    turris, is, f.: a tower, 2.445, et al.

    āter, tra, trum: (adj.), black; dark, gloomy, 1.60, et al.; smoky, lurid, 7.456; 4.384; clotted, dark, 3.622; soiled, blackened, 2.272; (fig.), sad, fatal, 6.429; venomous, deadly; of the odor of smoke, 12.591.

    tābum, ī, n.: corrupt matter; putrid blood; gore, 3.29. (tābeō)

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    Suggested Citation

    Christopher Francese and Meghan Reedy, Vergil: Aeneid Selections. Carlisle, Pennsylvania: Dickinson College Commentaries, 2016. ISBN: 978-1-947822-08-5. https://dcc.dickinson.edu/vergil-aeneid/vergil-aeneid-ix-459-472