CORE VOCABULARY
Italia, -ae, [ἰταλός], f.: Italy.
Lūcius, -ī, abbreviated L., m.: Lucius, a Roman forename.
Sulla, -ae, m.: Sulla, name of a patrician family of the Cornelian gens. Two members of it are mentioned in this book: (1) L. Cornēlius Sulla, the dictator, born B.C. 138. He served with distinction under Marius, first in the Jugurthine War, afterwards, B.C. 104—101, in the campaigns against the Teutones and Cimbri. He became a leader of the aristocratic party, defeated his enemies, and in B.C. 82 was made dictator. After two years of absolute government, in which he introduced many reforms, he retired from the dictatorship, and died the following year, B.C. 78. Cat. II. ix. et al. (2) L. Cornēlius Sulla Faustus, son of the dictator, born about B.C. 89. In the war between Caesar and Pompey he took sides with the latter, but was captured by Caesar B.C. 46, and lost his life at the hands of Caesar's soldiers in a tumult. Ep. xxii.
subsidium, -ī, [sub, sedeō], n.: reserve force; aid, help, assistance, support, protection.
līberō, -āre, -āvī, -ātum, [līber], 1, a.: set free, make free, free, liberate; release, extricate, deliver; acquit, absolve.
Sicilia, -ae, [Σικελία], f.: Sicily.
terror, -ōris, [cf. terreō], m.: fright, alarm, terror, overwhelming fear; by metonymy, cause of fright, dread; terrible news.
celeritās, -ātis, [celer], f.: swiftness, speed, quickness.
explicō, -āre, -āvī and -uī, -ātum and -itum, [ex + plicō], 1, a.: unfold, unroll; spread out, display; set free, release; set in order, adjust, set forth, explain.
Āfrica, -ae, f.: Africa, referring at first only to that part of the continent under the dominion of the Carthaginians; then, the province Africa, comprising territory formerly held by Carthage, and organized after the destruction of the city, B.C. 146; in the broadest sense, the African continent, Africa, as the term is understood to-day.
opprimō, -ere, oppressī, oppressum, [ob + premō], 3, a.: press against, press upon; oppress, weigh down, overwhelm, cover; put down, suppress; overthrow, crush, subdue; of a fleet, sink.
redundō, -āre, -āvī, -ātum, [red- + undō, from unda], 1, n.: run over, overflow; swim, reek; remain, be left, be in excess, abound.
Gallia, -ae, f.: Gaul, including (1) Gallia Cisalpīna, or Gallia citerior, Cisalpine Gaul, south of the Alps and north of the Apennines. (2) Gallia Trānsalpīna, or Gallia ulterior, Transalpine Gaul, Gaul, covering the regions now included in France, Belgium, Holland, the western parts of Germany and Switzerland.
Hispānia, -ae, f.: Spain.
Gallī, -ōrum, m., pl.: natives of Gaul, Gauls.
interneciō, -ōnis, [inter, cf. nex], f.: massacre, slaughter, utter destruction, destruction.
patefaciō, -facere, -fēcī, patefactum, [pateō + faciō], 3, a.: open up, lay open, throw open; disclose, bring to light.
prōsternō, -ere, prōstrāvī, prōstrātum, [prō + sternō], 3, a.: spread out; cast down, overthrow, prostrate; throw to the ground, ruin, destroy.
cōnspiciō, -spicere, -spexī, cōnspectum, [com- + speciō], 3, a. and n.: observe, see, catch sight of, perceive, gaze upon; face towards; pass., be conspicuous, be distinguished.
servīlis, -e, [servus], adj.: slavish, servile, of a slave.
taeter, -tra, -trum, comp. taetrior, sup. taeterrimus, adj.: offensive, loathsome, foul; repulsive, shameful, abominable, base.
perīculōsus, -a, -um, [perīculum], adj.: full of danger, dangerous, perilous.
absum, abesse, āfuī, fut. part. āfutūrus, [ab + sum], irr., n.: be away from, be absent, be far, be from. cūius aetās ā — longē abesset, whose age was far too young for —. tantum abest ut — ut, so far from — that.
expetō, -ere, expetīvī, expetītum, [ex + petō], 3, a.: seek after, strive for, aim at; ask, demand, request; desire, wish.
exspectātiō, -ōnis, [exspectō], f.: awaiting for, expecting, expectation; longing for.
attenuō, -āre, -āvī, -ātum, [ad + tenuō], 1, a.: make thin; lessen, diminish, reduce, weaken; make less formidable.
imminuō, -ere, -uī, -ūtum, [in + minuō], 3, a.: lessen, diminish; encroach upon, infringe upon, reduce.
adventus, -ūs, [adveniō], m.: a coming, approach; arrival; presence.
sepeliō, -īre, sepelīvī or -iī, sepultum, 4, a.: bury, inter; overwhelm, ruin, destroy.