Hīs dēmum exāctīs, perfectō mūnere dīvae,

dēvēnēre locōs laetōs et amoena virecta

fortūnātōrum nemorum sēdēsque beātās.

Largior hīc campōs aethēr et lūmine vestit640

purpureō, sōlemque suum, sua sīdera nōrunt.

Pars in grāmineīs exercent membra palaestrīs,

contendunt lūdō et fulvā luctantur harēnā;

pars pedibus plaudunt choreās et carmina dīcunt.

nec nōn Thrēïcius longā cum veste sacerdōs645

obloquitur numerīs septem discrīmina vōcum,

iamque eadem digitīs, iam pectine pulsat eburnō.

Hīc genus antīquum Teucrī, pulcherrima prōlēs,

magnanimī hērōes nātī meliōribus annīs,

Īlusque Assaracusque et Trōiae Dardanus auctor.650

Arma procul currūsque virum mīrātur inānīs;

stant terrā dēfīxae hastae passimque solūtī

per campum pāscuntur equī. quae grātia currum

armōrumque fuit vīvīs, quae cūra nitentīs

pāscere equōs, eadem sequitur tellūre repostōs.655

Cōnspicit, ecce, aliōs dextrā laevāque per herbam

vēscentīs laetumque chorō paeāna canentīs

inter odōrātum laurīs nemus, unde supernē

plūrimus Ēridanī per silvam volvitur amnis.

Hīc manus ob patriam pugnandō vulnera passī,660

quīque sacerdōtēs castī, dum vīta manēbat,

quīque piī vātēs et Phoebō digna locūtī,

inventās aut quī vītam excoluēre per artīs

quīque suī memorēs aliquōs fēcēre merendō:

omnibus hīs niveā cinguntur tempora vittā.665

Quōs circumfūsōs sīc est adfāta Sibylla,

Mūsaeum ante omnīs (medium nam plūrima turba

hunc habet atque umerīs exstantem suspicit altīs):

'Dīcite, fēlīcēs animae tūque optime vātēs,

quae regiō Anchīsēn, quis habet locus? Illius ergō670

vēnimus et magnōs Erebī trānāvimus amnīs.'

Atque huic respōnsum paucīs ita reddidit hērōs:

'Nūllī certa domus; lūcīs habitāmus opācīs,

rīpārumque torōs et prāta recentia rīvīs

incolimus. Sed vōs, sī fert ita corde voluntās,675

hoc superāte iugum, et facilī iam trāmite sistam.'

Dīxit, et ante tulit gressum campōsque nitentīs

dēsuper ostentat; dehinc summa cacūmina linquunt.

    CORE VOCABULARY

    dēmum: (adv.), at length, at last, 1.629; at least, indeed, especially. (dē with n. superl. ending -mum, hence, perhaps meaning downmost)

    perficiō, fēcī, fectus, 3, a.: to make completely; finish, complete, 6.745; perform, 3.178; p., perfectus, a, um, worked, wrought, executed, 5.267; fulfilled, 3.548. (per and faciō)

    dīva, ae, f.: a goddess, 1.632, et al.

    dēveniō, vēnī, ventus, 4, n.: to come down; arrive at, reach, w. acc. of place, 1.365, et al.

    amoenus, a, um: (adj.), charming; usually to the sight, delightful, pleasant, 6.638.

    virectum, ī, n.: a green or grassy spot; a lawn or meadow, 6.638. (vireō)

    fortūnātus, a, um: adj. (fortūna), befriended by fortune; fortunate, happy, blessed, prosperous, 1.437; w. gen., 11.416.

    largus, a, um: (adj.), ample; spacious, expansive, 6.640; plentiful, copious, flowing, 1.465; bountiful, free, 10.619; w. gen., lavish, 11.338.

    vestiō, īvī or iī, ītus, 4, a.: to clothe; (fig.), deck, array, cover, clothe, 6.640, et al. (vestis)

    purpureus, a, um: adj. (purpura), of purple; purple-colored, scarlet, red, purple, 1.337; of blood, 9.349; ruddy, glowing, brilliant, 1.591.

    grāmineus, a, um: adj. (grāmen), of turf, grassy, 5.287, et al.

    palaestra, ae, f.: a place for wrestling or exercize, 6.642; pl., wrestling, gymnastic, or palaestric games, 3.281.

    contendō, ī, tentus, 3, a.: to stretch completely; stretch, strain; strain the bow, 12.815; level the arrow, 5.513; shoot, 5.520; endeavor, strive, 1.158; contend, 4.108; hold, steer, 5.834; contend in skill of any kind.

    lūdus, ī, m.: play, sport, pastime, 9.606; mirth; pl., lūdī, ōrum, games, public or national, 3.280. (lūdō)

    fulvus, a, um: (adj.), reddish or tawny yellow; yellow, 5.374; tawny, 2.722; brown, 11.751; glowing, bright, 12.792.

    lūctor, ātus sum, 1, dep. n.: to struggle, strive, contend, 1.53; wrestle, 6.643; w. inf., 12.387.

    harēna, ae, f.: sand, 1.112; sandy shore, strand, 1.540; sandy ground, arena; space for races; an arena, 5.336.

    plaudō, plausī, plausus, 3, a. and n.: to beat, slap, stroke, 12.86; clap, flutter, 5.516; of the dance, perform by beating, beat, 6.644.

    chorēa, ae, f.: a circling dance, 10.224; a dance, 6.644.

    nec or neque: (adv. and conj.), and not; neither, nor, 1.643, et al.; in prohibition, 3.394, et al.; neque (nec) — neque (nec), neither — nor, 5.21, et al.; nec — et, or -que, may be rendered neither — nor, 12.801; 2.534; nec nōn, and also, nor less, 6.183; nec nōn et, and also, 1.707.

    Thrēicius, a, um: (adj.), Thracian, 3.51, et al.; Thracian in character, northern, 11.659.

    obloquor, locūtus sum, 3, dep. a. and n.: to speak to or against; sing or play in response, w. acc., 6.646.

    septem: (num. adj.), seven, freq.

    discrīmen, inis, n.: a separating interval, space, 5.154; separation, division, 10.382; distance, 3.685; difference, distinction, 1.574; variation, division, of sound; note, 6.646; crisis, danger, peril, 1.204; pl., difference, 10.529. (discernō)

    digitus, ī, m.: a finger, 6.647; toe, 5.426.

    pecten, inis, m.: a comb; a weaver's sley; an instrument for striking the strings of the lyre; a plectrum, 6.647. (pectō)

    pulsō, āvī, ātus, 1, intens. a. and n.: to beat much; batter, buffet, 5.460; strike, 6.647; lash, 3.555; beat with the hoofs, dash along, 11.660; violate, insult, 12.286; pulsate, throb, 5.138; rebound, 4.313. (pellō)

    eburnus, a, um: adj. (ebur), of ivory; ivory, 6.647; ivory-hilted, 11.11.

    Teucer (Teucrus), crī, m.: 1. Teucer, first king of Troy, son of the river-god Scamander, and father-in-law of Dardanus, 1.235. 2. Teucer, son of Telamon and Hesione, half-brother of Ajax, and founder of Salamis in Cyprus, 1.619.

    prōlēs, is, f.: that which springs forth; offspring, race, progeny, 1.75; lineage, 3.180.

    māgnanimus, a, um: adj. (māgnus and animus), possessing a great soul; noble-minded; great, generous, noble, 5.17; brave, 10.139; mighty, 12.144; of animals, high-spirited, highbred, 3.704.

    hērōs, ōis, m.: a demigod; a hero, 6.192, et al.; an illustrious man, champion, hero, 5.453.

    Īlus, ī, m.: 1. Ilus, son of Tros and king of Troy, 6.650. 2. An earlier name of Ascanius or Iulus, 1.268. 3. Ilus, a Rutulian, 10.400.

    Assaracus, ī, m.: Assaracus, a king of Phrygia, son of Tros, brother of Ganymede and Ilus, and grandfather of Anchises, 1.284; Assaracī, ōrum, m. the Assaraci, two Trojan heroes, 10.124.

    Trōia, ae, f.: 1. Troy, the capital of the Troad, 2.625, et al. 2. A city built by Helenus in Epirus, 3.349. 3. A part of the city of Acesta in Sicily, 5.756. 4. The name of an equestrian game of Roman boys, 5.602.

    Dardanus, ī, m.: Dardanus, son of Jupiter and Electra, father of the Trojan line of kings, and thus progenitor of the Romans, 6.650, et al.

    inānis, e: (adj.), empty, void, 3.304; light; vain, idle, fruitless, 4.210; valueless, trivial; little, brief, 4.433; lifeless, unreal, 1.464; shadowy, 6.269; unsubstantial, shadowy, airy, phantom, 6.651; subst., ināne, is, n., void space, a void, 12.354.

    dēfīgō, fīxī, fīxus, 3, a.: to fasten or fix down or in; the object on or in which, in the dat., or in the abl., with or without a prep.; fix, direct, 1.226; p., dēfīxus, downcast, 6.156.

    hasta, ae, f.: a spear, 2.50, and freq.; hasta pūra, a headless spear, 6.760; pampinea hasta, a thyrsus, 7.396.

    passim: (adv.), here and there, in all directions; everywhere, 2.364, et al. (passus)

    solvō, solvī, solūtus, 3, a.: to unbind, loosen, 6.652, et al.; unfurl, 4.574; unfasten, cast off, 5.773; unyoke, unharness; of the hair, undo, dishevel, 3.65, et al.; dissolve, confound, mix, 12.205; separate, divide, 5.581; (fig.), set free, release, disenthrall, 4.487; exempt, release, 10.111; break, 10.91; pay, fulfill, perform, 3.404; dispel, cast off, banish, 4.55; 1.463; paralyze, 1.92; 12.951; of sleep or drunkenness, relax, 5.856; drown, 9.189; (pass.), solvor, sink, 4.530. (2. sē- and luō)

    pāscō, pāvī, pāstus, 3, a. and n.: to furnish with food; to feed; rear, breed, 6.655; nourish, 1.608; (fig.), 1.464; let grow, 7.391; cherish, indulge, nourish, 10.627; pass. as dep., pāscor, pāstus sum, 3, a. and n., to graze, 1.186; feed upon, eat, 2.471; use for pasture, to pasture, 11.319.

    vīvus, a, um: adj. (vīvō), alive, living, 6.531; lifelike, 6.848; immortal, 12.235; of water, living, running, pure, 2.719; of rock, natural, unquarried, living, 1.167.

    nitēns, entis: shining, glittering, sparkling; bright, 1.228; (fig.), sleek, well-fed, 3.20.

    repōnō, posuī, positus (postus), 3, a.: to lay, place, put back, replace, 3.231; lay aside or down, 5.484; put, lay up, store away, w. abl., 4.403; lay, deposit, place, 6.220; w. dat., 11.594; restore, w. in and acc., 1.253; return, repay, 12.878.

    cōnspiciō, spexī, spectus, 3, a.: to have a complete view of; to look at, see, behold, 1.152; descry, discover, find, 6.508; p., cōnspectus, a, um, conspicuous. (com- and speciō, look)

    laeva : (adv.), on the left, 5.163.

    herba, ae, f.: any grassy or herbaceous growth; grass, turf, 1.214, et al; fodder; herb, plant, 3.650; grassy land, pasture, meadow, 3.221; a plant.

    vescor, 3, dep. n. and a.: (with abl., or absolute); to feed upon, 3.622; breathe, 1.546; banquet, feast, 6.657.

    chorus, ī, m.: a dance in a circle; a dance; a company of singers or dancers, choir, train, 1.499; band, troop, 5.581; festival, 11.737.

    Paeān, ānis, m. (acc. paeāna and -em): originally Paean, the god of healing; later applied to Apollo; hence, a hymn in honor of Apollo, or of other deities; a triumphal chant; a paean, 6.657; song or shout of victory, 10.738.

    odōrātus, a, um: sweet-smelling, fragrant, 6.658.

    laurus, ī, f.: the laurel or bay tree, 2.513; a laurel crown or wreath, 3.81.

    supernē: (adv.), from above, out above, above, 6.658. (supernus)

    Ēridanus, ī, m.: 1. A Greek name of the river Po. 2. The river in the lower world which flows forth and forms the Po in the upper world, 6.659.

    volvō, volvī, volūtus, 3, a.: to roll, 1.86; roll along or down, 1.101; roll or cast up, 3.206; toss, hurl, 12.906; roll over, roll in the dust, 12.329; cast, hurl down, 1.116; 9.512; roll, wheel, 1.163; of books, open, unroll, 1.262; of the Fates, fix the circle of events, decree, ordain, dispose, 1.22; 3.376; of the mind, revolve, meditate, reflect upon, 1.305; pass, continue, live through, experience, endure, suffer, 1.9; rotam volvere, to complete a cycle, period; (pass.), volvī, roll over, roll, 10.590; turn or wind about, 7.350; to be shed, to flow, 4.449; roll on, revolve, 1.269.

    manus, ūs, f.: the hand, 1.487; freq.; (meton.), action, movement of the hand; work, art, handiwork, 3.486; prowess, heroic deed, action, 2.434; force, violence, 2.645; a collection of persons; a band, crew, troop; an army, 2.29; forces, 5.623; multitude, 6.660; pl., manūs, workmen, 11.329; dare manūs, to yield, 11.558; extrēma manus, the finishing hand or touch, 7.572.

    Phoebus, ī, m.: Phoebus or Apollo, 1.329, et al.

    excolō, uī, cultus, 3, a.: to till completely; cultivate; refine, perfect, polish, 6.663.

    memor, oris: adj. (rel. to mēns and meminī), mindful, remembering, 1.23; heedful, 480; thankful, grateful, 4.539; not forgetting; relentless, 1.4; with nōn or nec, unmindful, regardless, 12.534.

    niveus, a, um: adj. (nix), snowy, of snow; snow-white, 1.469.

    tempus, oris, n.: 1. Time in general, a period, time, 1.278; interval or space of time, 4.433; crisis, circumstance, juncture, 7.37; season, fitting time, opportunity, proper moment, 4.294; ex longō (tempore), in or for a long time, 9.64. 2. The temple of the forehead, 9.418; commonly pl., 2.684; of animals, 12.173.

    vitta, ae, f.: a fillet, band, or chaplet for the head, especially for religious occasions, 5.366, et al.

    circumfundō, fūdī, fūsus, 3, a.: to pour around; to encompass, surround; (pass.), circumfundor, fūsus sum, (in middle signif.), to rush around, surround, 2.383; p., circumfūsus, a, um, surrounding, 1.586; gathering around, 6.666.

    adfor, fātus sum, 1, dep. a.: to speak to; address, 1.663; beseech, supplicate, 2.700; bid adieu, farewell to, 2.644.

    Sibylla, ae, f.: a prophetess, a sibyl; the Cumaean sibyl, Deiphobe, 3.452, et al.

    Mūsaeus, ī, m.: Musaeus, a Greek poet contemporary with Orpheus, 6.667.

    umerus, ī, m.: the upper bone of the arm; the shoulder, 1.501, and freq.

    exstō, āre, n.: to stand forth or out; rise above, 6.668.

    suspiciō, spexī, spectus, 3, a. and n.: to look up to, 6.668; behold, see; look upon with wonder; admire; survey, 1.438. (sub and speciō, look)

    Anchīsēs, ae, m.: son of Capys and Themis, and father of Aeneas by Venus, 2.687, et al.

    ergō: (adv.), therefore; w. gen. (like causā), for the sake of, on account of, 6.670; in a question, 6.456.

    veniō, vēnī, ventus: to come, freq.; come forth; approach, 6.755; rise, appear, 1.353; dawn, 10.241; to present one's self or itself, 5.344; descend, spring from, 5.373; impers., ventum est, we, they came or have come, 4.151.

    Erebus, ī, m.: the god of darkness, son of Chaos and brother of Night, 6.247; darkness; the lower world, 4.26, et al.

    trānō, āvī, ātus, 1, a. and n.: to swim or sail across, 6.671; fly across or through, 4.245. (trāns and nō)

    respōnsum, ī, n.: an answer, reply, 2.376; oracular answer, response, 6.799. (respondeō)

    pauca, ōrum, n.: a few things; few words, 3.313, et al.

    lūcus, ī, m.: a consecrated wood; sacred grove, 6.259, et al.; in general, a grove, wood, forest.

    habitō, āvī, ātus, 1, intens. a. and n.: to have continually, have in possession; occupy, inhabit, 3.106; dwell, 3.110. (habeō)

    opācus, a, um: (adj.), shady, 6.283; obscure, dark, 3.619; subst., opāca, ōrum, n., partitive; opāca viārum, dark pathways, roads, 6.633.

    torus, ī, m.: a bed, couch, 1.708; seat, 5.388; royal seat, throne, 8.177; bank, 6.674; the swelling part of flesh; a brawny muscle.

    prātum, ī, n.: a meadow, 6.674.

    rīvus, ī, m.: a small stream; a rill, brook, rivulet, stream, 3.350.

    incolō, uī, 3, a. and n.: to dwell; inhabit, 6.675.

    trāmes, itis, m.: a crossway; by-path or narrow way; a pass, 11.515; course, line, track, 5.610.

    sistō, stitī, status, 3, a. and n.: to cause to stand, put, set, place, w. abl. of place, 2.245, et al.; place before one, bring, 4.634; fix, plant, 10.323; stop, 12.355; arrest, stay, 6.465; support, sustain, maintain, 6.858; set, place, 6.676; n., stand still, to stop, remain, abide, 3.7; stand in fight, 11.873.

    gressus, ūs, m.: a stepping; step, walk, course, way, 1.401; of a ship, 5.162; air, mien, gait, 5.649; ferre gressum, to walk, 6.677; efferre gressum, to go forth or out, 2.753; comprimere gressum, to stop, stay one’s steps, 6.389. (gradior)

    dēsuper: (adv.), from above; above, 1.165.

    ostentō, āvī, ātus, 1, intens. a.: to hold out to view; display, disclose, 3.703; point out, show, 6.678; make a show of, display, 5.521. (ostendō)

    dehinc (often monosyll.): (adv.), from this place; from this time; thereupon, then, 1.131.

    cacūmen, inis, n.: a point, peak; summit, 3.274.

    linquō, līquī, 3, a.: to leave, 1.517, and freq.; desert, abandon, flee from, 3.213; pass by, 3.705; depart from, leave, 3.124; of death, yield up, 3.140; give up or over, desist from, 3.160.

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    Suggested Citation

    Christopher Francese and Meghan Reedy, Vergil: Aeneid Selections. Carlisle, Pennsylvania: Dickinson College Commentaries, 2016. ISBN: 978-1-947822-08-5. https://dcc.dickinson.edu/zh-hans/vergil-aeneid/vergil-aeneid-vi-637-678