Forte sacer Faunō foliīs oleaster amārīs

hīc steterat, nautīs ōlim venerābile līgnum,

servātī ex undīs ubi fīgere dōna solēbant

Laurentī dīvō et vōtās suspendere vestīs;

sed stirpem Teucrī nūllō discrīmine sacrum770

sustulerant, pūrō ut possent concurrere campō.

Hīc hasta Aenēae stābāt, hūc impetus illam

dētulerat fīxam et lentā rādīce tenēbat.

Incubuit voluitque manū convellere ferrum

Dardanidēs, tēlōque sequī quem prēndere cursū775

nōn poterat. Tum vērō āmēns formīdine Turnus

'Faune, precor, miserēre' inquit 'tūque optima ferrum

terra tenē, coluī vestrōs sī semper honōrēs,

quōs contrā Aeneadae bellō fēcēre profānōs.'

Dīxit, opemque deī nōn cassa in vōta vocāvit.780

namque diū luctāns lentōque in stirpe morātus

vīribus haud ūllīs valuit disclūdere morsūs

rōboris Aenēās. Dum nītitur ācer et īnstat,

rūrsus in aurīgae faciem mūtāta Metiscī

prōcurrit frātrīque ēnsem dea Daunia reddit.785

Quod Venus audācī nymphae indīgnāta licēre

accessit tēlumque altā ab rādīce revellit.

Ollī sublīmēs armīs animīsque refectī,

hīc gladiō fīdēns, hīc ācer et arduus hastā,

adsistunt contrā certāmina Martis anhēlī.790

    CORE VOCABULARY

    Faunus, ī, m.: Faunus, the tutelary god of husbandmen, identified by the Romans with the Greek Pan, 7.254, et al. (faveō)

    folium, iī, n.: a leaf, 1.175.

    oleaster, trī, m.: the wild olive. (olea)

    amārus, a, um: (adj.), bitter, brackish, salt, briny; (fig.), bitter, 4.203; biting, 11.337; cruel, 10.900.

    nauta, ae, m.: a boatman, ferryman, 6.315; sailor, mariner, 3.207. (nāvis)

    venerābilis, e: adj. (veneror), deserving of respect; venerable, venerated, revered, 6.408; sacred; 12.767.

    līgnum, ī, n.: wood; structure, frame, 2.45; tree, 12.767.

    fīgō, fīxī, fīxus, 3, a.: to fix or fasten; freq., the object in or on which, in the abl., 1.212; abl. w. prep., 6.636; acc. w. prep., 9.408; fasten up, suspend from, 3.287; hang up, 1.248; set up, establish, make, 6.622; transfix, pierce, 5.516; hurl (fix by hurling), 10.883; wound, 10.343; inscribe, 11.84.

    Laurēns, entis: adj. (Laurentum), of Laurentum, the ancient capital of Latium; Laurentine, Laurentian, 5.797, et al., subst., Laurentēs, um, pl. m., the Laurentians, 7.63, et al.

    voveō, vōvī, vōtus, 2, a.: to make a pledge or vow to a deity; vow, 10.774; consecrate, devote, 11.558.

    suspendō, pendī, pēnsus, 3, a.: to hang up, 6.859; hang, 1.318; p., suspēnsus, a, um, suspended, scarcely touching the ground or water, 7.810; hanging, 8.190; as adj., in suspense, uncertain, doubtful, in doubt, 6.722; anxious, 2.729; filled with awe, 3.372.

    stirps, stirpis, f.: the lower part of the trunk together with the roots of plants and trees; the extremity, end; root; trunk, tree, 12.770; (fig.), origin, descent, lineage, stock, race, 1.626, et al.

    Teucrī, ōrum, m.: the Trojans, descendants of Teucer, 1.38, et al.; adj., Teucrian, Trojan, 9.779, et al. (Teucer)

    discrīmen, inis, n.: a separating interval, space, 5.154; separation, division, 10.382; distance, 3.685; difference, distinction, 1.574; variation, division, of sound; note, 6.646; crisis, danger, peril, 1.204; pl., difference, 10.529. (discernō)

    pūrus, a, um: (adj.), free from stain, pure, 7.489; clear, serene, 2.590; open, unobstructed, 12.771; unmixed, 6.746; pointless, 6.760; unmarked, without symbol, or device, 11.711.

    possum, potuī, posse, irreg. n.: to be able; can, 1.242, et al.; to avail, have influence, power, 4.382. (potis and sum)

    concurrō, currī (rarely cucurrī), cursus, 3, n.: to run together or at once; crowd around, 12.297; rush, 2.315; rush to conflict, 7.224; rush against a foe; (with dat.), engage, encounter, 1.493.

    hasta, ae, f.: a spear, 2.50, and freq.; hasta pūra, a headless spear, 6.760; pampinea hasta, a thyrsus, 7.396.

    Aenēās, ae, m.: 1. A Trojan chief, son of Venus and Anchises, and hero of the Aeneid, 1.92. 2. Aenēās Silvius, one of the Alban kings, 6.769.

    impetus, ūs, m.: an attack; a strong impulsion; pressure, impulse, impetus, 5.219; vehemence, violence, 2.74. (impetō, attack)

    lentus, a, um: (adj.), adhesive, clammy, sticky, viscid; tough, 12.773; pliant, limber, 6.137; ductile, malleable, 7.634; slender, 3.31; 12.489; sluggish, creeping, 5.682; quiet, 7.28; inactive, 12.237.

    rādīx, īcis, f.: a root, 3.27, et al.

    incumbō, cubuī, cubitus, 3, n.: to lay one's self upon; lean or recline upon; (w. dat.), lie on or stretch over, 2.205; fall upon, 1.84; bend to, ply, 5.15; hasten, urge, press on, 2.653; overhang, 2.514; press or bend toward, 5.325; (w. ad and acc.), lean, hang, incline, 8.236; absolute, bend to, urge on the work, 4.397.

    manus, ūs, f.: the hand, 1.487; freq.; (meton.), action, movement of the hand; work, art, handiwork, 3.486; prowess, heroic deed, action, 2.434; force, violence, 2.645; a collection of persons; a band, crew, troop; an army, 2.29; forces, 5.623; multitude, 6.660; pl., manūs, workmen, 11.329; dare manūs, to yield, 11.558; extrēma manus, the finishing hand or touch, 7.572.

    convellō, vellī, vulsus, 3, a.: to pull violently; pluck, tear, pull up, 3.24; wrench forth, 12.774; cut off, 6.148; p., convulsus, a, um, rent, shattered, 1.383; convulsed, 5.143.

    Dardanidēs, ae, m.: a son or descendant of Dardanus; Aeneas, 10.545; pl., Dardanidae, ārum (um), the Trojans, 1.560, et al.; adj., Dardanian, Trojan, 2.59.

    prehendō (prēndō), ī, ēnsus, 3, a.: to lay hold of; seize, 2.592; catch, 3.450; seize, hold for defense, 2.322; overtake, reach, 6.61.

    āmēns, entis: out of one’s mind or senses; amazed, beside one’s self, frantic, mad, furious, 2.314; 4.203; distracted, 3.307.

    formīdō, inis, f.: dread, dismay, apprehension, terror, fear, 2.76; awe, 7.608; personif., Fear, Dismay, 12.335. (formīdō)

    Turnus, ī, m.: the chief of the Rutulians, 7.56, et al.

    misereō, uī, itus, 2, n., and misereor, itus sum, 2, dep. n.: to pity, commiserate, have compassion, 2.645; impers., miseret (mē, tē, etc.), w. genit. of the object of pity, it grieves me for, I pity, etc., 5.354. (miser)

    contrā: (prep. and adv.; prep. w. acc.), over against; opposite to, 1.13; against, 5.370; to, 9.280; on the contrary, 12.779; on the other hand, in reply, 1.76.

    Aeneadēs, ae, m.: a son of Aeneas; pl., Aeneadae, ārum, followers of Aeneas, the Trojans, 1.565; Aeneadae, 3.18.

    profānus, a, um: adj. (prō and fānum, shrine), in front or outside of the sacred inclosure; not sacred; profānōs facere, to desecrate, 12.779; subst., profānī, ōrum, m., the unconsecrated; uninitiated, profane, 6.258.

    cassus, a, um: (adj.), void; deprived of, 2.85; fruitless, vain, 12.780.

    lūctor, ātus sum, 1, dep. n.: to struggle, strive, contend, 1.53; wrestle, 6.643; w. inf., 12.387.

    disclūdō, clūsī, clūsus, 3, a.: to open; loosen, 12.782. (dis- and claudō)

    morsus, ūs, m.: a biting; eating, 3.394; tooth, 7.112; fang, 2.215; gripe, hold, 12.782; fluke, 1.169. (mordeō)

    rōbur, oris, n.: hard oak or wood, 6.181; a tree, 8.315; (meton.), timber, a wooden structure; fabric, 2.260; (fig.), sturdiness, strength, firmness, courage, vigor, 2.639; pl., rōbora, wood, timber, 4.399; vigor, flower, 8.518.

    nītor, nīsus or nīxus sum, 3, dep. n.: to lean or rest upon, w. abl., 6.760; tread, walk upon, 2.380; to be borne upon, poised or balanced upon, 4.252; push, press, struggle forward or upward; ascend, 2.443.

    īnstō, stitī, 1, n.: to stand on or upon; w. dat., acc., inf., or alone; w. dat., to stand on, 11.529; stand or hang over, 10.196; (w. acc.), to work at, ply work upon, 8.834; (w. inf.), urge on, press on, 1.423; persist, 10.118; (alone), to follow up, press on; pursue, 1.468; struggle, 12.783; be near at hand, approach, threaten, 12.916; to be urgent, important, incumbent, 4.115.

    aurīga, ae, m.: a charioteer, 5.146; a groom, 12.85.

    Metiscus, ī, m.: the charioteer of Turnus, 12.469, et al.

    prōcurrō, cucurrī or currī, cursus, 3, n.: to run forth or forward, 12.267; advance, sally forth, 9.690; roll, rush along, 11.624; jut, run out, project, 5.204.

    ēnsis, is, m.: a sword, 2.393, et al.; knife, 2.155.

    Daunius, a, um: adj. (Daunus), pertaining to Daunus, father or ancestor of Turnus; Daunian, 12.785.

    Venus, eris, f.: Venus, goddess of love and beauty, identified by the Romans with Aphrodite, daughter of Jupiter and Dione, 1.411, et al.; (meton.), love, lust, 6.26.

    nympha, ae, f.: a bride, a maiden; a nymph, one of the inferior deities, presiding over fountains, woods, etc., 1.71, et al.

    indīgnor, ātus sum, 1, dep. a. and n.: to deem unworthy; to fret, chafe, be impatient, 1.55; resent, 2.93; scorn, 8.728; be angry, indignant, 11.831; w. inf., 7.770.

    accēdō, cessī, cessus (perf. ind., accēstis for accessistis, 1.201), 3, n.: to go or draw near to; approach, with acc. alone, 1.307. (ad and cedo)

    revellō, vellī, vulsus, 3, a.: to pull back; pluck out, tear out or off, 4.515; rend, rip, tear open, 12.98; snatch, bring away, rescue, 4.545; disturb, violate, 4.427.

    sublīmis, e: (adj.), raised up, elevated, uplifted, 11.602; aloft; on high, 1.259; through the air, 1.415; on high, 6.720; to heaven, 5.255; of lofty soul, 12.788; (adv.), sublīme, loftily, aloft, on high, 10.664.

    rēficiō, fēcī, fectus, 3, a.: to make again; restore, 10.234; repair, amend, recruit, refresh, reanimate, encourage, 11.731. (re- and faciō)

    fīdēns, entis: (adj.), trusting, bold, confident, w. abl., dat., or gen., freq. (fīdō)

    arduus, a, um: (adj.), steep; erect, high, raised high, 2.475; 5.480; lofty, towering, 2.328; rearing, 11.638.

    adsistō, adstitī, 3, n.: to stand at, by, or present; stand, 12.790.

    certāmen, inis, n.: a striving, a struggle; effort, 5.197; combat, emulation, strife, 3.128; battle, war, 8.639; contest, game, 5.286. (certō)

    Mārs (archaic form, Māvors), Mārtis: Mars, son of Jupiter and Juno; the patron of war and tutelar god of the Romans, 1.274, et al.; (meton.), martial spirit, courage, warlike fury, 6.165; battle, conflict, 2.335, et al.

    anhēlus, a, um: adj. (anhēlō), panting, gasping, throbbing, 6.48.

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    Suggested Citation

    Christopher Francese and Meghan Reedy, Vergil: Aeneid Selections. Carlisle, Pennsylvania: Dickinson College Commentaries, 2016. ISBN: 978-1-947822-08-5. https://dcc.dickinson.edu/ro/vergil-aeneid/vergil-aeneid-xii-766-790