Et iam Fama uolans, tanti praenuntia luctus,

Euandrum Euandrique domos et moenia replet,140

quae modo uictorem Latio Pallanta ferebat.

Arcades ad portas ruere et de more uetusto

funereas rapuere faces; lucet uia longo

ordine flammarum et late discriminat agros.

contra turba Phrygum ueniens plangentia iungit145

agmina. quae postquam matres succedere tectis

uiderunt, maestam incendunt clamoribus urbem.

at non Euandrum potis est uis ulla tenere,

sed uenit in medios. feretro Pallante reposto

procubuit super atque haeret lacrimansque gemensque,150

et uia uix tandem uoci laxata dolore est:

'non haec, o Palla, dederas promissa parenti,

cautius ut saeuo uelles te credere Marti.

haud ignarus eram quantum noua gloria in armis

et praedulce decus primo certamine posset.155

primitiae iuuenis miserae bellique propinqui

dura rudimenta, et nulli exaudita deorum

uota precesque meae! tuque, o sanctissima coniunx,

felix morte tua neque in hunc seruata dolorem!

contra ego uiuendo uici mea fata, superstes160

restarem ut genitor. Troum socia arma secutum

obruerent Rutuli telis! animam ipse dedissem

atque haec pompa domum me, non Pallanta, referret!

nec uos arguerim, Teucri, nec foedera nec quas

iunximus hospitio dextras: sors ista senectae165

debita erat nostrae. quod si immatura manebat

mors gnatum, caesis Volscorum milibus ante

ducentem in Latium Teucros cecidisse iuuabit.

quin ego non alio digner te funere, Palla,

quam pius Aeneas et quam magni Phryges et quam170

Tyrrhenique duces, Tyrrhenum exercitus omnis.

magna tropaea ferunt quos dat tua dextera leto;

tu quoque nunc stares immanis truncus in aruis,

esset par aetas et idem si robur ab annis,

Turne. sed infelix Teucros quid demoror armis?175

uadite et haec memores regi mandata referte:

quod uitam moror inuisam Pallante perempto

dextera causa tua est, Turnum gnatoque patrique

quam debere uides. meritis uacat hic tibi solus

fortunaeque locus. non uitae gaudia quaero,180

nec fas, sed gnato manis perferre sub imos.'

    CORE VOCABULARY

    fāma, ae, f.: report, rumor, 1.532; tradition, 7.765; renown, name, fame, 1.463; glory, 9.195; fame, reputation, honor, 4.91; personified as a goddess, Fame, Rumor, 4.173. (cf. φήμη, report)

    volō, āvī, ātus, 1, n.: to fly, 1.300, et al.; of rumor, to be spread rapidly, noised or spread abroad, 3.121.

    praenūntia, ae, f.: a harbinger, forerunner, 11.139.

    lūctus, ūs, m.: a mourning; sorrow, grief, woe, lamentation, 2.298, and freq.; personif., 6.274. (lūgeō)

    Euander (-drus, 8.100; Ēvander, -drus), drī, m.: Evander, an Arcadian prince, son of Carmentis, and king of Pallanteum on the Tiber, 8.52.

    repleō, plēvī, plētus, 2, a.: to fill again; fill up, fill, 2.679, et al.

    Latium, iī, n.: a country of ancient Italy, extending from the left bank of the lower Tiber to Campania, 1.6; (meton.), for Latīnī, the Latins, people of Latium, 10.365, et al. (2. latus; Virgil, 8.323, derives it from lateō)

    Pallās, antis, m.: 1. A king of Arcadia, great-grandfather of Evander, 8.51. 2. Pallas, son of Evander, 8.104, et al.

    Arcas, adis, m.: an Arcadian, 10.452;(adj.), 11.835.

    ruō, ruī, rutus, 3, n. and a.: to fall with violence; tumble down, fall, freq.; fall in battle, 10.756; of the sun, go down, set, 3.508; rush forward, 2.64; of the chariot of Nox, hasten up; ascend, rise, 2.250; advance, 10.256; plunge, rush, 2.353; flee, 12.505; tremble, quake, 8.525; hasten, pass away, 6.539; cause to fall; cast down, 9.516; plow, 1.35; cast, throw up, 1.85; throw up or together, 11.211.

    vetustus, a, um: old, ancient, 2.713. (vetus)

    fūnereus, a, um: adj. (fūnus), of a funeral; funeral-, 4.507.

    lūceō, lūxī, 2, n.: to shine, beam, gleam, glisten, 10.137, et al.; to be exposed to view, show, 11.693.

    lātē: (adv.), widely; far and wide, 1.21; on all sides, far around, 1.163; all over, 12.308. (lātus)

    discrīminō, āvī, ātus, 1, a.: to separate; to make distinct, with light; discover, illuminate, 11.144. (discrīmen)

    contrā: (prep. and adv.; prep. w. acc.), over against; opposite to, 1.13; against, 5.370; to, 9.280; on the contrary, 12.779; on the other hand, in reply, 1.76.

    Phryges, um, m.: Phrygians; the inhabitants of Phrygia, which originally included the Troad; hence, also, Trojans, 1.468, et al.; sing., Phryx, ygis, m., a Phrygian or Trojan, 12.99.

    veniō, vēnī, ventus: to come, freq.; come forth; approach, 6.755; rise, appear, 1.353; dawn, 10.241; to present one's self or itself, 5.344; descend, spring from, 5.373; impers., ventum est, we, they came or have come, 4.151.

    plangō, plānxī, planctus, 3, a.: to beat, strike, smite the breast; hence, intransitive, lament, wail, 11.145. (cf. 1. plāga)

    succēdō, cessī, cessus, 3, n. and a.: to go, come up to or under, with dat., or acc. and prep., or without a case, to go up to, visit, 8.507; ascend, 12.235; come up to, advance to, 2.478; approach, 7.214; encounter, 10.847; enter, 1.627; creep under, disappear beneath, 5.93; to descend into the earth, to be buried, 11.103; take up, take upon one's self, 2.723; go under, be yoked to, 3.541; to follow, 11.481; to turn out well; succeed, come to pass, 11.794. (sub and cēdō)

    incendō, cendī, cēnsus, 3, a.: to set fire to, burn, 2.353; kindle, 3.279; illuminate, 5.88; (fig.), of the mind, fire, inflame, 1.660; arouse, rouse to action, 5.719; excite, irritate, enrage, madden, provoke, 4.360; disturb, rend, fill, 10.895.

    feretrum, ī, n.: a bier, 6.222. (ferō)

    repōnō, posuī, positus (postus), 3, a.: to lay, place, put back, replace, 3.231; lay aside or down, 5.484; put, lay up, store away, w. abl., 4.403; lay, deposit, place, 6.220; w. dat., 11.594; restore, w. in and acc., 1.253; return, repay, 12.878.

    prōcumbō, cubuī, cubitus, 3, n.: to lie down; to bend, lean forward, lie along, 8.83; bend down, lie prostrate; fall upon, 11.150; bend to, ply the oars, 5.198; to fall in death or battle, 2.426; fall down, sink in ruins, 2.505.

    super: (adv.), above, 4.684, et al.; above, from above, 10.384; moreover, 4.606; besides, 1.29; more than enough, 2.642; remaining, surviving, left (with ellipsis of esse), 3.489, et al.; still (or above), 4.684; of time, in, during, 9.61.

    haereō, haesī, haesus, 2, n.: to stick; foll. by dat., or by abl. w. or without a prep.; hang, cling, adhere, cling to, 1.476, et al.; stop, stand fixed, 6.559; halt, 11.699; adhere to as companion, 10.780; stick to in the chase, 12.754; persist, 2.654; dwell, 4.4; pause, hesitate, 3.597; be fixed or decreed, 4.614.

    lacrimō, āvī, ātus, 1, n. and a.: to shed tears, weep, 1.459. (lacrima)

    gemō, uī, itus, 3, n. and a.: to groan, 7.501; sigh, 1.465; bemoan, bewail, lament, 1.221; of inanimate things, creak, 6.413.

    laxō, āvī, ātus, 1, a.: to loosen, slacken; unfasten, undo, open, 2.259; uncoil, let out, 3.267; open, clear, 6.412; of the body, relax, 5.836; of the mind, relieve, 9.225. (laxus)

    ō: (interj. expressing joy, grief, astonishment, desire, or indignation), O! oh! ah! w. voc., 2.281, et al.; w. sī and the subj., oh that, 11.415; sometimes placed after the word to which it relates, 2.281.

    prōmissum, ī, n.: a promise, 2.160; a thing promised; prize, 5.386.

    cautius: (adv.), comp. of cautē; more cautiously, 11.153.

    Mārs (archaic form, Māvors), Mārtis: Mars, son of Jupiter and Juno; the patron of war and tutelar god of the Romans, 1.274, et al.; (meton.), martial spirit, courage, warlike fury, 6.165; battle, conflict, 2.335, et al.

    ignārus, a, um: (adj.), not knowing; freq.; unaware, ignorant, 11.154; often w. genit., ignorant of, 1.630; unsuspicious of, 2.106; unconscious, 9.345; not knowing the land; (pass.), unknown, a stranger, 10.706.

    praedulcis, e: (adj.), very sweet; pleasing, dear, 11.155.

    certāmen, inis, n.: a striving, a struggle; effort, 5.197; combat, emulation, strife, 3.128; battle, war, 8.639; contest, game, 5.286. (certō)

    possum, potuī, posse, irreg. n.: to be able; can, 1.242, et al.; to avail, have influence, power, 4.382. (potis and sum)

    prīmitiae, ārum, f.: the first fruits; first offerings, 11.16; beginnings, first essays, 11.156. (prīmus)

    propinquus, a, um: adj. (prope), near, neighboring, near at hand, 3.381; not remote, 11.156; near of kin, related, 2.86.

    rudīmentum, ī, n.: a beginning; first lesson, 11.157. (rel. to rudis)

    exaudiō, īvī, or iī, ītus, 4, a.: to hear distinctly; hear, 1.219; catch the sound, hear from afar, 7.15; listen to, heed, 11.157.

    superstes, itis: adj. (superstō), remaining over, surviving, 11.160.

    restō, restitī, 1, n.: to remain in place; to stand, stop; to be left, 2.142; remain, 1.556; remain for infliction, wait to be repeated, be in reserve, 10.29; w. abl., 1.679.

    genitor, ōris, m.: he who begets; father, sire, 1.155, et al. (gignō)

    Trōes, m.: (subst.), the Trojans, 1.30, et al. (Tros, one of the kings of Troy)

    obruō, uī, utus, 3, a.: to cover over; bury; overwhelm, 1.69; overpower, 2.424; destroy, 5.692.

    Rutulī, ōrum, m.: the Rutulians, an ancient tribe of Latium dwelling south of the Tiber, 1.266, et al.

    pompa, ae, f.: a solemn procession or ceremonial, a funeral procession, 5.53.

    referō, rettulī, relātus, referre, irreg. a.: to bear, carry, bring back, 4.392; bear again, 5.564; cast up, vomit, 9.350; turn, 12.657; of solemn rites, render, pay, 5.605; bring back as a prize, win, get, 4.93; put back, stay, 11.290; repeat, 5.598; claim, 7.49; answer, reply, 4.31; report, relate, announce, 1.309; reproduce, resemble, 4.329; imitate, 10.281; turn, change, 11.426; 1.281; render, make, 8.343; vōce referre, speak, utter, exclaim, 1.94; referre pedem, return; (pass.), referrī, go back, recede, 2.169; return, revert, 12.37.

    nec or neque: (adv. and conj.), and not; neither, nor, 1.643, et al.; in prohibition, 3.394, et al.; neque (nec) — neque (nec), neither — nor, 5.21, et al.; nec — et, or -que, may be rendered neither — nor, 12.801; 2.534; nec nōn, and also, nor less, 6.183; nec nōn et, and also, 1.707.

    arguō, uī, ūtus, 3, a.: to make clear; to manifest, show, betray, 4.13; prove, 9.282; accuse, 11.384.

    Teucrī, ōrum, m.: the Trojans, descendants of Teucer, 1.38, et al.; adj., Teucrian, Trojan, 9.779, et al. (Teucer)

    foedus, eris, n.: a treaty, league, alliance, freq., truce, 5.496; side or party, 12.658; covenant, contract, 4.339; laws of hospitality, hospitality, 10.91; pledge, love, 4.520; law, term, condition, rule, 1.62. (rel. to fīdō, trust)

    hospitium, iī, n.: the relation of host and guest; hospitality, 10.460; friendly reception, entertainment; protection, hospitality, welcome, 1.299; guest-land, ally, 3.15; refuge, 1.540; alliance, 11.114. (hospes)

    senecta, ae, f.: old age, 5.395. (senex)

    quod: (conj.), as to which thing; in that, that, indeed that, because; but, moreover, however, freq.; quod sī, but if, indeed if, if however, 6.133.

    immātūrus, a, um: (adj.), untimely, 11.166.

    Volscī, ōrum: the Volsci or Volscians, a warlike tribe of Latium.

    dīgnor, ātus sum, 1, dep. a.: (w. acc. and abl.), to deem worthy of, 1.335; w. inf., think, fit, deign, 4.192; p., dīgnātus, a, um, with pass. meaning, deemed worthy of, honored by, 3.475. (dīgnus)

    Aenēās, ae, m.: 1. A Trojan chief, son of Venus and Anchises, and hero of the Aeneid, 1.92. 2. Aenēās Silvius, one of the Alban kings, 6.769.

    Tyrrhēnus, a, um: adj. (Tyrrhēnī), Tyrrhenian; Etruscan, Tuscan, 1.67; subst., Tyrrhēnus, ī, m., a Tuscan, 10.787.

    Tyrrhēnī, ōrum, m.: the Tyrrheni, a branch of the Pelasgic race who are said to have settled in Etruria; Etrurians, Tuscans, 8.603.

    tropaeum, ī, n.: a memorial of the turning (cf. τρέπειν, to turn) or rout of an enemy; the trunk of a tree on which were hung the arms or spoils of an enemy slain; any memento of victory; a trophy.

    lētum, ī, n.: death, destruction, 2.134, et al. (cf. dēleō)

    immānis, e: (adj.), vast, huge, immense, 1.110; wild, savage, barbarous, 1.616; cruel, ruthless, 1.347; unnatural, monstrous, hideous, 6.624; (adv.), immāne, wildly, fiercely, 12.535.

    truncus, ī, m.: the stem, stock, or trunk of a tree; stem, trunk, 6.207; trunk of the human body, 2.557.

    pār, paris: (adj.), equal, 1.705; like, 2.794; equal, well-poised, steady, 4.252; side by side, 5.580; well-matched, 5.114.

    rōbur, oris, n.: hard oak or wood, 6.181; a tree, 8.315; (meton.), timber, a wooden structure; fabric, 2.260; (fig.), sturdiness, strength, firmness, courage, vigor, 2.639; pl., rōbora, wood, timber, 4.399; vigor, flower, 8.518.

    Turnus, ī, m.: the chief of the Rutulians, 7.56, et al.

    īnfēlīx, īcis: (adj.), unlucky; unfortunate, luckless, unhappy, 1.475, et al.; sad, miserable, 2.772; of ill omen, ill-starred, ill-boding, fatal, 2.245; unfruitful.

    dēmoror, ātus sum, 1, dep. a. and n.: to linger, protract, 2.648; detain, 3.481; wait for, await, 10.30.

    vādō, 3, n.: to go, walk, advance, go on, 2.396, et al.; rush, 2.359; move, speed on, 8.702; imperat., vāde, away, go on! 3.462.

    memor, oris: adj. (rel. to mēns and meminī), mindful, remembering, 1.23; heedful, 480; thankful, grateful, 4.539; not forgetting; relentless, 1.4; with nōn or nec, unmindful, regardless, 12.534.

    mandātum, ī, n.: a charge, order, command, 4.270, et al.

    invīsus, a, um: hated, hateful, odious, 1.387; (act.), inimical, an enemy, hostile, 11.364.

    perimō, ēmī, ēmptus, 3, a.: to take away completely; annihilate, destroy, 5.787; slay, kill, 6.163. (per and emō)

    meritum, ī, n.: a thing deserved; desert; service, favor, merit, 1.74. (mereō)

    fās, indecl. n.: divine right or law; duty, justice, 3.55; privilege, 9.96; as predicate with esse, permitted, lawful, proper, incumbent, 1.77, et al. (rel. to for)

    Mānēs, ium, m.: the deities of the lower world, 6.896; gods or powers below, 12.646; the spirits or souls of the dead in Hades; ghosts, shades, Manes, 3.63; penalties of the lower world, punishments, expiations, purgatory, 6.743; abode of the dead, 4.387; infernal regions, the world below, 10.820.

    perferō, tulī, lātus, ferre, irreg. a.: to carry or bear through; carry, restore, return, 11.717; report, 5.665; convey completely, carry home, 10.786; reach the mark, 12.907; undergo, endure, suffer, 3.323; (w. reflex. pron.), betake one's self, go, 1.389; p., perlātus, a, um, carried to the mark; striking, 11.803.

    article Nav

    Suggested Citation

    Christopher Francese and Meghan Reedy, Vergil: Aeneid Selections. Carlisle, Pennsylvania: Dickinson College Commentaries, 2016. ISBN: 978-1-947822-08-5. https://dcc.dickinson.edu/it/vergil-aeneid/vergil-aeneid-xi-139-181