'maxime Teucrorum ductor, quo sospite numquam470

res equidem Troiae uictas aut regna fatebor,

nobis ad belli auxilium pro nomine tanto

exiguae uires; hinc Tusco claudimur amni,

hinc Rutulus premit et murum circumsonat armis.

sed tibi ego ingentis populos opulentaque regnis475

iungere castra paro, quam fors inopina salutem

ostentat: fatis huc te poscentibus adfers.

haud procul hinc saxo incolitur fundata uetusto

urbis Agyllinae sedes, ubi Lydia quondam

gens, bello praeclara, iugis insedit Etruscis.480

hanc multos florentem annos rex deinde superbo

imperio et saeuis tenuit Mezentius armis.

quid memorem infandas caedes, quid facta tyranni

effera? di capiti ipsius generique reseruent!

mortua quin etiam iungebat corpora uiuis485

componens manibusque manus atque oribus ora,

tormenti genus, et sanie taboque fluentis

complexu in misero longa sic morte necabat.

at fessi tandem ciues infanda furentem

armati circumsistunt ipsumque domumque,490

obtruncant socios, ignem ad fastigia iactant.

ille inter caedem Rutulorum elapsus in agros

confugere et Turni defendier hospitis armis.

ergo omnis furiis surrexit Etruria iustis,

regem ad supplicium praesenti Marte reposcunt.495

his ego te, Aenea, ductorem milibus addam.

toto namque fremunt condensae litore puppes

signaque ferre iubent, retinet longaeuus haruspex

fata canens: "o Maeoniae delecta iuuentus,

flos ueterum uirtusque uirum, quos iustus in hostem500

fert dolor et merita accendit Mezentius ira,

nulli fas Italo tantam subiungere gentem:

externos optate duces." tum Etrusca resedit

hoc acies campo monitis exterrita diuum.

ipse oratores ad me regnique coronam505

cum sceptro misit mandatque insignia Tarchon,

succedam castris Tyrrhenaque regna capessam.

sed mihi tarda gelu saeclisque effeta senectus

inuidet imperium seraeque ad fortia uires.

natum exhortarer, ni mixtus matre Sabella510

hinc partem patriae traheret. tu, cuius et annis

et generi fatum indulget, quem numina poscunt,

ingredere, o Teucrum atque Italum fortissime ductor.

hunc tibi praeterea, spes et solacia nostri,

Pallanta adiungam; sub te tolerare magistro515

militiam et graue Martis opus, tua cernere facta

adsuescat, primis et te miretur ab annis.

Arcadas huic equites bis centum, robora pubis

lecta dabo, totidemque suo tibi nomine Pallas.'

    CORE VOCABULARY

    Teucrī, ōrum, m.: the Trojans, descendants of Teucer, 1.38, et al.; adj., Teucrian, Trojan, 9.779, et al. (Teucer)

    ductor, ōris, m.: a leader, 1.189; captain, commander, 5.133; prince, king, 9.691. (dūcō)

    sōspes, itis: (adj.), saved; safe, 11.56; alive, 8.470.

    equidem: (adv.), indeed, at least, certainly, surely; w. first person, for my part, 1.238. (demonstr. e or ec and quidem)

    Trōia, ae, f.: 1. Troy, the capital of the Troad, 2.625, et al. 2. A city built by Helenus in Epirus, 3.349. 3. A part of the city of Acesta in Sicily, 5.756. 4. The name of an equestrian game of Roman boys, 5.602.

    exiguus, a, um: adj. (exigō), minute, scanty, little; insignificant, small, 4.212; few, 5.754; thin, slender, feeble, 6.493.

    Tuscus, a, um: (adj.), Etrurian, Tuscan.

    Rutulus, ī, m.: a Rutulian; Turnus, 7.409; for the pl., the Rutulians, 8.474.

    circumsonō, 1, n. and a.: to sound about; raise a din around, 8.474.

    opulentus, a, um: adj. (ops), abounding in means; wealthy, rich, 1.447; mighty, 8.475.

    inopīnus, a, um: unexpected, 5.857.

    ostentō, āvī, ātus, 1, intens. a.: to hold out to view; display, disclose, 3.703; point out, show, 6.678; make a show of, display, 5.521. (ostendō)

    incolō, uī, 3, a. and n.: to dwell; inhabit, 6.675.

    fundō, āvī, ātus, 1, a.: to make or lay the bottom of anything; to found, erect, build, 4.260; establish, render stable, organize, 6.811; of ships, hold to the bottom, fasten, moor, hold, 6.4. (fundus)

    vetustus, a, um: old, ancient, 2.713. (vetus)

    Agyllīnus, a, um: (adj.), of Agylla, a town in Etruria, afterwards called Caere, 7.652; subst., Agyllīnī, ōrum, m., the people of Agylla, 12.281.

    Lӯdius, a, um.: (adj.) of Lydia; Lydian, 8.479; also Etruscan or Tuscan (as the Etrusci were supposed to have sprung from the Lydians), 2.781, et al.

    praeclārus, a, um: (adj.), very clear or bright; illustrious, splendid, 4.655.

    īnsideō, sēdī, sessus, 2, n. and a.: to sit or be seated on; w. dat., rest, recline upon, 1.719; settle on, 8.480; w. acc., occupy, hold, 2.616. (1. in and sedeō)

    Etrūscus, a, um: adj. (Etrūria), Etrurian, Tuscan, 8.503; subst., Etrūscī, ōrum, m., the Etrurians, Tuscans, 9.150.

    flōreō, uī, 2, n.: to be in flower, bloom; to be adorned with flowers; (fig.), blooming, decorated, 4.202; to be in the bloom, in the flower of age or life; to be prosperous, to flourish; to be bright, to flash, 11.433. (flōs)

    Mēzentius, iī, m.: tyrant of Agylla or Caere, and ally of Latinus and Turnus, 7.648.

    memorō, āvī, ātus, 1, a.: to call to memory; mention, rehearse, relate, 1.8; say, speak, 3.182; name, 1.327; mention proudly, boast of, 5.392. (memor)

    īnfandus, a, um: (adj.), not to be uttered; unutterable, inexpressible, unspeakable, 4.85; cruel, 1.525; dreadful, horrible, 10.673; accursed, perfidious, 4.613; fatal, 2.132; neut., in exclamations, īnfandum! O shame, O woe unutterable! 1.251; pl., īnfanda, as(adv.), 8.489.

    tyrannus, ī, m.: a sovereign prince, chief, ruler, 4.320; in a bad sense, a despot, tyrant, 1.361.

    efferus, a, um: adj. (ex and ferus, wild), extremely wild; savage, frantic, 4.642; fierce, 8.6; cruel, 8.484.

    reservō, āvī, ātus, 1, a.: to keep back or in reserve; save, keep, reserve, 4.368; keep in store for, bring back upon, 8.484.

    morior, mortuus sum, morī, 3 and 4, dep. n.: to die, perish, 2.353, et al.; fut. p., moritūrus, a, um, destined to die, 12.55; resolved to die, 4.519.

    vīvus, a, um: adj. (vīvō), alive, living, 6.531; lifelike, 6.848; immortal, 12.235; of water, living, running, pure, 2.719; of rock, natural, unquarried, living, 1.167.

    manus, ūs, f.: the hand, 1.487; freq.; (meton.), action, movement of the hand; work, art, handiwork, 3.486; prowess, heroic deed, action, 2.434; force, violence, 2.645; a collection of persons; a band, crew, troop; an army, 2.29; forces, 5.623; multitude, 6.660; pl., manūs, workmen, 11.329; dare manūs, to yield, 11.558; extrēma manus, the finishing hand or touch, 7.572.

    tormentum, ī, n.: an engine for hurling missiles by means of twisted ropes; a catapult or ballista, 11.616; punishment by the rack, torture, 8.487. (torqueō)

    saniēs, em, ē, f.: putrid, corrupt blood; bloody matter; gore, 3.618. (rel. to sanguis)

    tābum, ī, n.: corrupt matter; putrid blood; gore, 3.29. (tābeō)

    complexus, ūs, m.: an embracing; embrace, 1.715. (complector)

    necō, āvī or uī, ātus, 1, a.: to slay, kill, 8.488.

    furō, uī, 3, n.: to be mad; freq., to rave, be frantic, rage, 1.491; to be furious, burn, storm (for war), 7.625; to be burning or mad with love, 1.659; to be frenzied, in a frenzy, 6.100; inspired, 2.345; distracted with grief, 3.313; plunge madly, 9.552; boil, 7.464; with cognate acc., give vent to one's fury, 12.680.

    armō, āvī, ātus, 1, a.: to equip with arms; arm, equip, 2.395, et al.; fit out, make ready, prepare, 4.299; (fig.), imbue, charge, 9.773; p., armātus, a, um, armed, charged, 12.857; subst., armātī, ōrum, m., armed men, warriors, 2.485. (arma)

    circumsistō, stetī, 3, a. and n.: to take one’s stand around; gather round; assail, surround, 8.490.

    obtruncō, āvī, ātus, 1, a.: to lop off; cut down; cut to pieces, slay, 2.663.

    fastīgium, iī, n.: that which is carried to a point or apex; the apex or point of a pediment; a gable, upper part of a house; roof, pinnacle, battlement, 2.444; slope of a trench; (fig.), chief point, 1.342. (fastīgō)

    iactō, āvī, ātus, 1, freq. a.: to throw often or much; toss to and fro; toss, freq.; hurl, cast, 2.459; thrust out, 5.376; aim, 5.433; (fig.), throw out words, utter, say, 1.102; of the mind, revolve, meditate, 1.227; sē iactāre, boast, exalt one's self, rejoice, glory, 1.140; prae sē iactāre, to make pretense of, 9.134; p., iactāns, antis, arrogant, assuming, ambitious, 6.815. (iaciō)

    Rutulī, ōrum, m.: the Rutulians, an ancient tribe of Latium dwelling south of the Tiber, 1.266, et al.

    ēlābor, lāpsus sum, 3, dep. n.: to slip or glide forth or away; escape from, 1.242; spring aside, dodge, 5.445.

    cōnfugiō, fūgī, 3, n.: to flee for refuge; flee, 8.493; resort; flee, come for succor, 1.666.

    Turnus, ī, m.: the chief of the Rutulians, 7.56, et al.

    furiae, ārum, f.: rage, fury, madness, frenzy, 1.41, et al.; vengeance, 8.494; personif., Furiae, ārum, the goddesses of vengeance, the Furies, Allecto, Megaera, and Tisiphone; the Avengers, 3.331; for the Harpies, 3.252. (furō)

    Etrūria, ae, f.: ancient Tuscany; Etruria.

    praesēns, entis: (adj.), being before, present in person; present before one, 3.174; propitious, 9.404; immediate, instant, 1.91; prompt, 12.152; urgent, powerful, 12.245. (praesum)

    Mārs (archaic form, Māvors), Mārtis: Mars, son of Jupiter and Juno; the patron of war and tutelar god of the Romans, 1.274, et al.; (meton.), martial spirit, courage, warlike fury, 6.165; battle, conflict, 2.335, et al.

    reposcō, 3, a.: to demand back, demand again; require, 11.240; demand in return, 2.139; ask, 6.530; summon, 10.374; reassert, 12.573; w. two accusatives, demand back from, 7.606.

    Aenēās, ae, m.: 1. A Trojan chief, son of Venus and Anchises, and hero of the Aeneid, 1.92. 2. Aenēās Silvius, one of the Alban kings, 6.769.

    fremō, uī, itus, 3, n. and a.: to make a murmuring noise; to roar, 1.56; whinny, neigh, 12.82; raise lamentations, 6.175; whiz, 12.922; resound, 4.668; rage, 5.19; to be fierce, furious, 4.229; fume, rave, 12.535; shout and sing, 4.146; a., rage, rave for, clamor for, 11.453, et al.; ore fremere, applaud, shout applause, 5.385; p., fremēns, entis, raging, 4.229.

    condēnsus, a, um: (adj.), thick, crowded, close together, 2.517.

    puppis, is, f.: the hinder part of a ship; the stern, 5.12; (by synecdoche), a vessel, boat, ship, 1.69; (meton.), crew, 8.497.

    iubeō, iussī (fut. perf. iussō for iusserō, 11.467), iussus, 2, a.: to order, request, usually w. inf., freq.; bid, 2.3; ask, invite, 1.708; will, wish, desire, 3.261; direct, enjoin, admonish, 3.697; persuade, advise, 2.37; to clear by command, 10.444; w. subj., 10.53.

    longaevus, a, um: adj. (longus and aevum), of advanced age; aged, 2.525, et al.

    haruspex, icis, m.: an inspector of entrails; diviner, soothsayer, prophet, 8.498.

    ō: (interj. expressing joy, grief, astonishment, desire, or indignation), O! oh! ah! w. voc., 2.281, et al.; w. sī and the subj., oh that, 11.415; sometimes placed after the word to which it relates, 2.281.

    Maeonia, ae, f.: the ancient name of Lydia, the country in Asia Minor whence emigrated the Tyrrhenians or Etruscans to Italy; hence, for Etruria, 8.499.

    dēligō, lēgī, lēctus, 3, a.: to choose from; choose, 2.18. (dē and legō)

    iuventūs, ūtis, f.: youthfulness; the age of youth; collective, young people, the youth; warriors, 1.467. (iuvenis)

    mereō, uī, itus, 2, a. and n., and mereor, itus sum, 2, dep. a. and n.: to deserve, merit, 2.585; earn, gain, win, 11.224; deserve well, 6.664; w. ut, 2.434; bene merēre, to deserve well, 4.317.

    accendō, ī, cēnsus, 3, a.: to set fire to, light up, enkindle, 5.4; enrage, exasperate, incense, 1.29; incite, rouse, 4.232. (ad and candō, rel. to candeō)

    fās, indecl. n.: divine right or law; duty, justice, 3.55; privilege, 9.96; as predicate with esse, permitted, lawful, proper, incumbent, 1.77, et al. (rel. to for)

    Italus, a, um: Italian, 3.440, et al.; subst., Italī, ōrum, m., the Italians, 1.109. (Ītalia)

    subiungō, iūnxī, iūnctus, 3, a.: to join under or to; fasten, 10.157; (fig.), conquer, 8.502.

    externus, a, um: adj. (exter), external; pertaining to foreigners; foreign, 6.94; subst., externus, ī, m., a stranger, 3.43.

    monitum, ī, n.: an admonition; counsel; advice, warning, 4.331; command, 8.336; influence, 10.689. (moneō)

    exterreō, uī, itus, 2, a.: to frighten; alarm, startle, terrify, 3.307; flutter in terror, 5.505; p., exterritus, a, um, startled; roused, 4.571.

    ōrātor, ōris, m.: a speaker; envoy, ambassador, 7.153. (ōrō)

    corōna, ae, f.: a crown, 1.655; wreath, garland, 3.525; a crowd or throng; a circle of defenders on a rampart; a garrison, 9.508; a circle or crowd of assailants, 9.551.

    scēptrum, ī, n.: a royal staff; scepter, 1.653; freq.; (meton.), rule, sway, power, royal court, realm, 9.9; 1.253; authority, 11.238.

    mandō, āvī, ātus, 1, a.: to give in hand or consign; w. acc. alone, or acc. and dat., or inf.; to commission, charge, bid, command, 4.222; place, deposit; commit, consign, confide, intrust, 3.50; of burial, to inter; order, w. inf. (manus and dō)

    īnsīgne, is, n.: a distinguishing mark; symbol, ensign, 10.188; trophy, 12.944; pl., īnsīgnia, ium, distinctive arms, tokens, 2.339; royal ensigns or insignia, 8.506; trappings, 11.89.

    Tarchō, ōnis or ontis, m.: an Etrurian prince, ally of Aeneas, 11.727, et al.

    succēdō, cessī, cessus, 3, n. and a.: to go, come up to or under, with dat., or acc. and prep., or without a case, to go up to, visit, 8.507; ascend, 12.235; come up to, advance to, 2.478; approach, 7.214; encounter, 10.847; enter, 1.627; creep under, disappear beneath, 5.93; to descend into the earth, to be buried, 11.103; take up, take upon one's self, 2.723; go under, be yoked to, 3.541; to follow, 11.481; to turn out well; succeed, come to pass, 11.794. (sub and cēdō)

    Tyrrhēnus, a, um: adj. (Tyrrhēnī), Tyrrhenian; Etruscan, Tuscan, 1.67; subst., Tyrrhēnus, ī, m., a Tuscan, 10.787.

    capessō, īvī or iī, ītus, 3, intens. a.: to seize, 3.234; (fig.), lay hold of, assume, 8.507; seek to reach, hasten to, 4.346; undertake, achieve, perform, 1.77. (capiō)

    gelū, ūs, n.: frost, cold, numbness, chilled blood, 8.508.

    effētus, a, um: adj. (ex and fētus, productive), no longer producing; exhausted, 5.396; incapable (w. gen.), 7.440.

    senectūs, ūtis, f.: old age, 5.416; personified, 6.275. (senex)

    invideō, vīdī, vīsus, 2, n. and a.: to look into; to look at with dislike; begrudge, envy, 4.234, et al.; withhold, deny.

    sērus, a, um: (adj.), late, freq.; late in life, 6.764; slow, tardy, 2.373; too late, 5.524; (adv.), sērum, late, 12.864.

    exhortor, ātus sum, 1, dep. a.: to encourage, rouse, 7.472; advise, 8.510; to spur, 11.610.

    Sabellus, a, um: adj. (Sabellī), of the Sabelli or Sabines; Sabine.

    indulgeō, dulsī, dultus, 2, n.: to be indulgent, kind, yielding, give way to, 2.776; yield to, indulge in, 4.51; favor, 8.512.

    Italī, ōrum, m.: the Italians, 1.109. (Ītalia)

    sōlācium, iī, n.: a soothing; solace, consolation, 5.367. (sōlor)

    Pallās, antis, m.: 1. A king of Arcadia, great-grandfather of Evander, 8.51. 2. Pallas, son of Evander, 8.104, et al.

    adiungō, iūnxī, iūnctus, 3, a.: to join to, moor, 9, 69; associate with, 8, 515; add, to ally, 7, 238.

    tolerō, āvī, ātus, 1, a.: to sustain; support, maintain, 8.409; endure, 8.515. (cf. tollō)

    mīlitia, ae, f.: warfare, war, 11.261; discipline, 8.516. (mīles)

    adsuēscō, suēvī, suētus, 3, a. and n.: to accustom to, make familiar, habituate to; with dat., acc. and dat., and infin., to get or become accustomed, be wont, learn; with abl., 7.746; adsuēscere bella animīs, instead of adsuēscere animōs bellīs, to cherish war in the heart, 6.832.

    Arcas, adis, m.: an Arcadian, 10.452;(adj.), 11.835.

    bis: (adv.), twice, 1.381. (in composition bi-)

    rōbur, oris, n.: hard oak or wood, 6.181; a tree, 8.315; (meton.), timber, a wooden structure; fabric, 2.260; (fig.), sturdiness, strength, firmness, courage, vigor, 2.639; pl., rōbora, wood, timber, 4.399; vigor, flower, 8.518.

    pūbēs, is, f.: the groin, middle, 3.427; the youthful population; youth, young men; youthful band, 1.399; brood, offspring, 6.580.

    lēctus, a, um: gathered, collected, 6.228; picked, culled; chosen, choice, 9.272, et al. (legō)

    totidem: (num. adj. pron., indecl.), just, even so many; as many, 4.183, et al.

    article Nav

    Suggested Citation

    Christopher Francese and Meghan Reedy, Vergil: Aeneid Selections. Carlisle, Pennsylvania: Dickinson College Commentaries, 2016. ISBN: 978-1-947822-08-5. https://dcc.dickinson.edu/ar/vergil-aeneid/vergil-aeneid-viii-470-519