Atque ea dum campis uictor dat funera Turnus,

interea Aenean Mnestheus et fidus Achates

Ascaniusque comes castris statuere cruentum385

alternos longa nitentem cuspide gressus.

saeuit et infracta luctatur harundine telum

eripere auxilioque uiam, quae proxima, poscit:

ense secent lato uulnus telique latebram

rescindant penitus, seseque in bella remittant.390

iamque aderat Phoebo ante alios dilectus Iapyx

Iasides, acri quondam cui captus amore

ipse suas artis, sua munera, laetus Apollo

augurium citharamque dabat celerisque sagittas.

ille, ut depositi proferret fata parentis,395

scire potestates herbarum usumque medendi

maluit et mutas agitare inglorius artis.

stabat acerba fremens ingentem nixus in hastam

Aeneas magno iuuenum et maerentis Iuli

concursu, lacrimis immobilis. ille retorto400

Paeonium in morem senior succinctus amictu

multa manu medica Phoebique potentibus herbis

nequiquam trepidat, nequiquam spicula dextra

sollicitat prensatque tenaci forcipe ferrum.

nulla uiam Fortuna regit, nihil auctor Apollo405

subuenit, et saeuus campis magis ac magis horror

crebrescit propiusque malum est. iam puluere caelum

stare uident: subeunt equites et spicula castris

densa cadunt mediis. it tristis ad aethera clamor

bellantum iuuenum et duro sub Marte cadentum.410

    CORE VOCABULARY

    Turnus, ī, m.: the chief of the Rutulians, 7.56, et al.

    intereā: (adv.), amid these things; meanwhile, in the meantime, 1.418, et al.

    Aenēās, ae, m.: 1. A Trojan chief, son of Venus and Anchises, and hero of the Aeneid, 1.92. 2. Aenēās Silvius, one of the Alban kings, 6.769.

    Mnestheus, and Menestheus, eī and eos, m.: Mnestheus, one of the Trojan chiefs under Aeneas, 5.117; 10.129, et al.

    fīdus, a, um: adj. (fīdō), trustworthy, faithful, trusty, 1.188; safe, secure, hospitable, 5.24; w. gen., tuī fīdissima, most faithful to thee, 12.659.

    Achātēs, ae, m.: Achates, a companion of Aeneas, 1.174, et al.

    Ascanius, iī, m.: Ascanius, son of Aeneas, and traditional founder of Alba Longa, 1.267.

    cruentus, a, um: (adj.), bloody, blood-stained, 1.296; covered with blood, 10.498.

    alternus, a, um: adj. (alter), one after the other; alternating, 6.121; by turns, in succession, 5.376; every second, 12.233.

    nītor, nīsus or nīxus sum, 3, dep. n.: to lean or rest upon, w. abl., 6.760; tread, walk upon, 2.380; to be borne upon, poised or balanced upon, 4.252; push, press, struggle forward or upward; ascend, 2.443.

    cuspis, idis, f.: a spear point, 7.817; point, 5.208; spear, lance, javelin; a spear, 12.386; a spear or, perhaps, the shaft of a spear as a scepter, 1.81.

    gressus, ūs, m.: a stepping; step, walk, course, way, 1.401; of a ship, 5.162; air, mien, gait, 5.649; ferre gressum, to walk, 6.677; efferre gressum, to go forth or out, 2.753; comprimere gressum, to stop, stay one’s steps, 6.389. (gradior)

    saeviō, iī, ītus, 4, n.: to be fierce; to be furious, rage; be angry, 6.544. (saevus)

    īnfringō, frēgī, frāctus, 3, a.: to break in; break, 12.387; (fig.), to break down, subdue, 5.784; dishearten, paralyze, 9.499. (in and frangō)

    lūctor, ātus sum, 1, dep. n.: to struggle, strive, contend, 1.53; wrestle, 6.643; w. inf., 12.387.

    arundō, inis, f.: a reed, arrow, 4.73.

    ēnsis, is, m.: a sword, 2.393, et al.; knife, 2.155.

    secō, secuī, sectus, 1, a.: to cut, freq.; cut off, 4.704; engrave, carve, 3.464; cut through, cleave, 5.218, et al.; of the channel of a river, 8.63; sail through, pass, 8.96; speed, 6.899; shape out mentally, form, 10.107.

    latebra, ae, f.: a hiding place; recess, lodgment, retreat, 12.389; usually in pl., latebrae, ārum, an ambuscade; covert, retreat; cavern, 3.424; recess, cavity, 2.38; the hatches of a ship, the hold, 10.657. (lateō)

    rescindō, scidī, scissus, 3, a.: to tear off or away, rase, tear down, 6.583; lay open, 12.390.

    penitus: adv. (cf. penes), inwardly, far within, deep, deeply, 1.200; wholly, entirely, 6.737; afar, 11.623; far away, 1.512.

    remittō, mīsī, missus, 3, a.: to let go back; send back, 2.543, et al.; send up, 5.99; repay, 4.436; yield up, resign, 10.828; give up, 11.346; forego, lay aside, 5.419; give back, reëcho, 12.929; sē remittere, to submit, yield, 12.833.

    adsum, adfuī, esse, irreg. n.: to be near or by; to be present, at hand, or here, 1.595; to have arrived, 2.132; to be with, attend, 2.701; aid, accompany, 10.547; be propitious, 3.116; to beset, 2.330; inf., adfore, to be about to come, destined to come, 7.270. (imp. subj., adforem, -ēs, -et, -ent)

    Phoebus, ī, m.: Phoebus or Apollo, 1.329, et al.

    dīligō, lēxī, lēctus, 3, a.: to love, 8.590; p., dīlēctus, a, um, loved, dear, 1.344.

    Iāpyx, ygis, m.: a son of Iasius and physician of Aeneas, 12.391.

    Īasidēs, ae, m.: a son or descendant of Iasius. 1. Palinurus, 5.843. 2. Iapis, 12.392. (Iasius)

    Apollō, inis, m.: Apollo, son of Jupiter and Latona; the god of prophecy, medicine, music, poetry, and archery, 2.430; met., a temple of Apollo, 3.275.

    augurium, iī, n.: the business of the augur; augury, divination, 1.392; an augury, omen, portent, 2.703; oracle, 3.89; presage, 5.523. (augur)

    cithara, ae, f.: the cithara, cithern, or lute, 1.740.

    sagitta, ae, f.: an arrow, 1.187, et al.

    dēpōnō, posuī, positus, 3, a.: to put down or aside; recline, 7.108; put off, from, put on shore, 5.751; lay down, lay, 6.632; lay aside, dismiss, banish, 2.76; (pass., of sickness), to be laid down, dying, despaired of, 12.395.

    prōferō, tulī, lātus, ferre, irreg. a.: to carry forward or forth; extend, 6.795; postpone, delay, 12.395.

    herba, ae, f.: any grassy or herbaceous growth; grass, turf, 1.214, et al; fodder; herb, plant, 3.650; grassy land, pasture, meadow, 3.221; a plant.

    medeor, 2, dep. a. and n.: to heal, cure; (gerund abl. impers.), medendō, by treatment, 12.46.

    mūtus, a, um: (adj.), speechless, dumb, mute, 12.718; not spoken or heard of; unfamed, humble, 12.397.

    inglōrius, a, um: (adj.), without glory; unrenowned, inglorious, 10.52.

    acerbus, a, um: harsh, bitter, in taste; (fig.), cruel, fierce, 5.462; fatal, direful, sorrowful, sad, mournful, 5.49; 6.429; pl., acerba, ōrum, n., vengeful deeds, 12.500; (adv.), acerba, harshly, savagely, fiercely, 9.794.

    fremō, uī, itus, 3, n. and a.: to make a murmuring noise; to roar, 1.56; whinny, neigh, 12.82; raise lamentations, 6.175; whiz, 12.922; resound, 4.668; rage, 5.19; to be fierce, furious, 4.229; fume, rave, 12.535; shout and sing, 4.146; a., rage, rave for, clamor for, 11.453, et al.; ore fremere, applaud, shout applause, 5.385; p., fremēns, entis, raging, 4.229.

    hasta, ae, f.: a spear, 2.50, and freq.; hasta pūra, a headless spear, 6.760; pampinea hasta, a thyrsus, 7.396.

    maereō, 2, n. and a.: to be sorrowful, sad; mourn, grieve, 1.197, et al. (cf. miser)

    Iūlus, ī, m.: Iulus or Ascanius, son of Aeneas, 1.267, et freq.

    concursus, ūs, m.: a running together; thronging, 6.318; concourse, multitude, throng, 5.611. (concurrō)

    immōbilis, e: (adj.), unmoved, 7.623; immovable, 9.448.

    retorqueō, torsī, tortus, 2, a.: to twist back; throw, fold or double back, 12.400; turn or hurl back, or away, 12.485; change, 12.841.

    Paeonius, a, um: (adj.), pertaining to Paeon, god of medicine; medicinal, healing, 7.769.

    senex, senis: (adj.), old, aged, hoary, 7.180; (comp.) senior, ōris, older; very aged, 5.179; hoary, 5.704.

    succingō, cīnxī, cīnctus, 3, a.: to gird beneath; gird up; wrap, 10.634; gird, 1.323. (sub and cingō)

    amictus, ūs, m.: a veiling or draping of the person; an upper garment, covering; cloak, mantle, veil, 3.405; 5.421. (amiciō)

    manus, ūs, f.: the hand, 1.487; freq.; (meton.), action, movement of the hand; work, art, handiwork, 3.486; prowess, heroic deed, action, 2.434; force, violence, 2.645; a collection of persons; a band, crew, troop; an army, 2.29; forces, 5.623; multitude, 6.660; pl., manūs, workmen, 11.329; dare manūs, to yield, 11.558; extrēma manus, the finishing hand or touch, 7.572.

    medicus, a, um: adj. (medeor), healing.

    nēquīquam: (adv.), in vain, to no purpose, 2.515.

    trepidō, āvī, ātus, 1, n. and a.: to be in trepidation, alarm or panic, 10.788; to hurry, hasten to and fro or about, 2.685; to hasten (with inf.), 9.114; to strive nervously, make trembling effort, 12.403. (trepidus)

    spīculum, ī, n.: a sharp point; (meton.), an arrow, a dart, javelin, spear, 5.307.

    sollicitō, āvī, ātus, 1, a.: to stir up, agitate; try to pull out, 12.404; make anxious, disquiet, disturb, 4.380. (solicitus)

    prēnsō, āvī, ātus, 1, intens. a.: to grasp, 2.444. (prēndō)

    tenāx, ācis: adj. (teneō), holding on or fast; tenacious; adhering to, persistent in, w. gen., 4.188.

    forceps, ipis, f.: a pair of tongs, pincers, 8.453.

    subveniō, vēnī, ventus, 4, n.: to come up to; relieve, succor, 12.406.

    magis, and short form, mage: (adv.), in a greater measure; more, 5.94; 10.481; the more, 7.787; for potius, by preference, rather, 5.29; better, 4.452. (rel. to māgnus)

    atque, or ac: (conj.), and in addition, or and besides; and, as well, and indeed, and, 1.575; freq.; even, 2.626; in comparisons, as, 4.90; than, 3.561.

    horror, ōris, m.: a roughening or bristling; (fig.), a shuddering; terror, dread, horror, dismay, 2.559; clashing din, 2.301. (horreō)

    crēbrēscō, crēbuī, 3, inc. n.: to become frequent, prevail, 12.222; to increase, swell, 12.407; blow fresh, 3.530. (crēber)

    malum, ī, n.: an evil, a misfortune, calamity, adversity; suffering, woe, misery, 1.198; misdeed, crime, sin, wickedness, 6.739; pest, curse, scourge, 4.174; mischief, poison, 7.375.

    pulvis, eris, m., rarely f.: dust, 2.273; soil, ground, earth; dusty plain, 7.163.

    subeō, iī, itus (p. subiēns, euntis), 4, n. and a.: to go or come under, into, or up to; alone, or with acc. and prep., or with dat.; without a case, come up, 2.216; go under, bend, stoop down under, 10.522; come after; follow, 2.725; take one's place, 12.471; enter, 1.171; come into or upon the mind, suggest itself, occur, 2.560; with acc. and prep., go, advance towards, 8.359; with dat., come or go up to, down to, into, 5.203; succeed to, 5.176; come after, follow, 10.371; with acc., approach, enter, 1.400; go under a burden, bear, with abl. of instrument, 2.708; go under the yoke, draw, 3.113; enter the mind of, strike, occur to, 9.757; approach, reach, 3.512; approach, 7.22; meet, encounter, 10.798; attack, 9.344.

    dēnsus, a, um: (adj.), thick, dense, crowded, compact, in close array, serried, 2.383; frequent, 5.459.

    bellō, āvī, ātus, 1, n., and bellor, dep. 1, n.: to wage war; fight, 1.466; dep., 11.660; subst., bellāns, antis, c. pl., bellantēs, ium or um, combatants, warriors, 1.466. (bellum)

    Mārs (archaic form, Māvors), Mārtis: Mars, son of Jupiter and Juno; the patron of war and tutelar god of the Romans, 1.274, et al.; (meton.), martial spirit, courage, warlike fury, 6.165; battle, conflict, 2.335, et al.

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    Suggested Citation

    Christopher Francese and Meghan Reedy, Vergil: Aeneid Selections. Carlisle, Pennsylvania: Dickinson College Commentaries, 2016. ISBN: 978-1-947822-08-5. https://dcc.dickinson.edu/zh-hans/vergil-aeneid/vergil-aeneid-xii-383-410