Dum Turnus Rutulos animis audacibus implet,475

Allecto in Teucros Stygiis se concitat alis,

arte noua, speculata locum, quo litore pulcher

insidiis cursuque feras agitabat Iulus.

hic subitam canibus rabiem Cocytia uirgo

obicit et noto naris contingit odore,480

ut ceruum ardentes agerent; quae prima laborum

causa fuit belloque animos accendit agrestis.

ceruus erat forma praestanti et cornibus ingens,

Tyrrhidae pueri quem matris ab ubere raptum

nutribant Tyrrhusque pater, cui regia parent485

armenta et late custodia credita campi.

adsuetum imperiis soror omni Siluia cura

mollibus intexens ornabat cornua sertis,

pectebatque ferum puroque in fonte lauabat.

ille manum patiens mensaeque adsuetus erili490

errabat siluis rursusque ad limina nota

ipse domum sera quamuis se nocte ferebat.

hunc procul errantem rabidae uenantis Iuli

commouere canes, fluuio cum forte secundo

deflueret ripaque aestus uiridante leuaret.495

ipse etiam eximiae laudis succensus amore

Ascanius curuo derexit spicula cornu;

nec dextrae erranti deus afuit, actaque multo

perque uterum sonitu perque ilia uenit harundo.

saucius at quadripes nota intra tecta refugit500

successitque gemens stabulis, questuque cruentus

atque imploranti similis tectum omne replebat.

Siluia prima soror palmis percussa lacertos

auxilium uocat et duros conclamat agrestis.

olli (pestis enim tacitis latet aspera siluis)505

improuisi adsunt, hic torre armatus obusto,

stipitis hic grauidi nodis; quod cuique repertum

rimanti telum ira facit. uocat agmina Tyrrhus,

quadrifidam quercum cuneis ut forte coactis

scindebat rapta spirans immane securi.510

    CORE VOCABULARY

    Turnus, ī, m.: the chief of the Rutulians, 7.56, et al.

    Rutulī, ōrum, m.: the Rutulians, an ancient tribe of Latium dwelling south of the Tiber, 1.266, et al.

    Allēctō, ūs, f.: Alecto, one of the furies, 7.324, et al.

    Teucrī, ōrum, m.: the Trojans, descendants of Teucer, 1.38, et al.; adj., Teucrian, Trojan, 9.779, et al. (Teucer)

    Stygius, a, um: adj. (Styx), pertaining to the Styx; of Hades; Stygian, 4.638, et al.

    concitō, āvī, ātus, 1, intens. a.: to move with force; hurl, 11.784; spur, 11.742; (with sē), to speed, fly, 7.476.

    āla, ae, f.: a wing, 1.301; the feather of an arrow, 9.578; the wing of an army; cavalry, 11.730; troop, battalion, 11.604; horsemen, mounted huntsmen, 4.121.

    speculor, ātus sum, 1, dep. a. and n.: to look out, mark, survey, behold, espy, 7.477; watch, consider, observe, 1.516. (specula)

    īnsidiae, ārum, f.: a sitting down, or lying in ambuscade; an ambush, 11.783; snare, toil; plot, treachery, wile, 2.36; stealthy journey or enterprise, 9.237; artifice, stratagem, 2.421; personif. pl., Īnsidiae, ārum, Stratagem, 12.336. (īnsideō)

    Iūlus, ī, m.: Iulus or Ascanius, son of Aeneas, 1.267, et freq.

    subitus, a, um: having come up suddenly; unexpected, sudden, 2.692; suddenly, 3.225. (subeō)

    rabiēs, em, ē, f.: madness, frenzy, fury, fierceness, 2.357, et al.; of inanimate things, 5.802, et al.

    Cōcȳtius, a, um: (adj.), of Cocytus, 7.479.

    obiciō, iēcī, iectus, 3, a.: to throw against or towards; throw to, 6.421; present, oppose, 2.444; bar against, shut, 9.45; cast upon, 7.480; subject, expose, 4.549; (pass.), to be presented, appear, 5.522; p., obiectus, a, um, thrown towards or against; opposite, projecting, 3.534. (ob and iaciō)

    nāris, is, f.: a nostril; pl., nārēs, ium, the nostrils; the nose, 6.497.

    odor, ōris, m.: scent, smell, odor, fragrance, 1.403; disagreeable odor, stench, 3.228; foul fumes, 12.591.

    cervus, ī, m.: a stag, deer, 1.184, et al.

    ārdēns, entis: burning, hot, sparkling, flaming, 5.637; bright, 4.482; impassioned, ardent, eager, 1.423; spirited, fiery, 1.472; glowing, lofty, 6.130; fierce, furious, 2.529; angry, 6.467. (ardeo)

    accendō, ī, cēnsus, 3, a.: to set fire to, light up, enkindle, 5.4; enrage, exasperate, incense, 1.29; incite, rouse, 4.232. (ad and candō, rel. to candeō)

    agrestis, e: adj. (ager), pertaining to the fields or country; country-, rustic, rural, 3.34; wild, 7.111; subst., agrestis, is, m., a rustic, 7.504; husbandman.

    praestāns, antis, comp., praestantior, ius: excellent, superior, distinguished, 5.361; w. gen., 12.19.

    Tyrrhīdae, ārum, m.: the sons of Tyrrheus, 7.484. (Tyrrheus)

    ūber, eris: (adj.), fruitful, fertile, 3.106. (compar., ūberior; superl., ūberrimus), (ūber)

    nūtriō, īvī or iī, ītus, 4, a.: to nourish, suckle, 11.572; breed, rear, train, 7.485.

    Tyrrheus (dissyll.), eī, m., and Tyrrhus, ī, m.: a shepherd of Latium, in the service of Latinus, 7.532, et al.

    armentum, ī, n.: collective (arō), beasts used for plowing; cattle, 2.499, et al.; of all kinds of animals, a herd, drove; of deer, 1.185; of horses, 3.540.

    lātē: (adv.), widely; far and wide, 1.21; on all sides, far around, 1.163; all over, 12.308. (lātus)

    cūstōdia, ae, f.: a watching, watch; guardianship, care; a watch, guard, 6.574. (cūstōs)

    adsuēscō, suēvī, suētus, 3, a. and n.: to accustom to, make familiar, habituate to; with dat., acc. and dat., and infin., to get or become accustomed, be wont, learn; with abl., 7.746; adsuēscere bella animīs, instead of adsuēscere animōs bellīs, to cherish war in the heart, 6.832.

    Silvia, ae, f.: daughter of Tyrrheus, 7.487. (silva)

    intexō, uī, tus, 3, a.: to weave into or in; work in, inweave, 5.252; festoon, wreathe, entwine; cover, 6.216; frame, 2.16.

    ōrnō, āvī, ātus, 1, a.: to adorn, equip, 10.638.

    serta, ōrum, n.: things entwined; garlands, festoons, wreaths, 1.417, et al. (sero, serere, serui, sertus)

    pectō, pexī, pexus, 3, a.: to comb, 12.86.

    ferus, ī, m.: a wild beast; in gen., a brute; a beast, 2.51; courser, steed, 5.818; stag, 7.489.

    pūrus, a, um: (adj.), free from stain, pure, 7.489; clear, serene, 2.590; open, unobstructed, 12.771; unmixed, 6.746; pointless, 6.760; unmarked, without symbol, or device, 11.711.

    lavō, lāvī, lautus, and lōtus, 1 and 3, a. and n.: to wash, bathe, 3.663; wet, sprinkle, 6.227; p., lautus, a, um, washed; neat, elegant; stately, magnificent, 8.361.

    manus, ūs, f.: the hand, 1.487; freq.; (meton.), action, movement of the hand; work, art, handiwork, 3.486; prowess, heroic deed, action, 2.434; force, violence, 2.645; a collection of persons; a band, crew, troop; an army, 2.29; forces, 5.623; multitude, 6.660; pl., manūs, workmen, 11.329; dare manūs, to yield, 11.558; extrēma manus, the finishing hand or touch, 7.572.

    erīlis, e: adj. (erus), pertaining to an owner, master, or mistress; master’s, 7.490.

    sērus, a, um: (adj.), late, freq.; late in life, 6.764; slow, tardy, 2.373; too late, 5.524; (adv.), sērum, late, 12.864.

    quamvīs: (adv. and conj.), as much as you will; however much; however, although, albeit; w. subj., 3.454; freq. w. an adj. (quam and volō)

    rabidus, a, um: (adj.), raving, savage, mad, raging, 6.421; frenzied; frantic, raving, 6.80.

    vēnor, ātus sum, 1, dep. n. and a.: to hunt, 4.117.

    commoveō, mōvī, mōtus, 2, a.: to move completely; move rapidly in procession, 4.301; rouse, start from cover, 7.494; shake, stir, 5.217; disturb, move, 1.126; agitate, terrify 1.360.

    fluvius, iī, m.: a stream; river, 1.607; water, fountains, abundant water; secundō fluviō, by the favoring stream, with or down the stream, 7.494. (fluō)

    dēfluō, fluxī, fluxus, 3, n.: to flow down; sail down, 8.549; alight, descend, 11.501; fall, descend, 1.404.

    aestus, ūs, m.: glowing heat; summer; a boiling; a billowy motion; waves of flame, flames, 2.706; wave, surge, 1.107; tide, sea, flood, 3.419; tide (of feeling), agitation, 4.532.

    viridō, 1, n.: to be green, verdant. (viridis)

    levō, āvī, ātus, 1, a.: to render light; lighten; lift, aid, 1.145; raise, 4.690; (fig.), ease, relieve of (w. abl.); support, rest, 10.834; reënforce, help, 2.452; mitigate, 3.36; allay, 7.495; cure, 7.755; relieve, 7.571. (2. levis)

    eximius, a, um: adj. (eximō), exceptional; choice, select; distinguished, 7.496.

    succendō, cendī, cēnsus, 3, a.: to set on fire from beneath; (fig.), inflame, incite, 7.496. (sub and obs. candō; cf. incendō)

    Ascanius, iī, m.: Ascanius, son of Aeneas, and traditional founder of Alba Longa, 1.267.

    curvus, a, um: (adj.), curved, bent, bending, 2.51; winding, 2.748; crooked.

    dērigō, rēxī, rēctus, 3, a.: to lay straight, bring into a definite line; to aim, direct, 1.401, et al. (dē and regō)

    spīculum, ī, n.: a sharp point; (meton.), an arrow, a dart, javelin, spear, 5.307.

    nec or neque: (adv. and conj.), and not; neither, nor, 1.643, et al.; in prohibition, 3.394, et al.; neque (nec) — neque (nec), neither — nor, 5.21, et al.; nec — et, or -que, may be rendered neither — nor, 12.801; 2.534; nec nōn, and also, nor less, 6.183; nec nōn et, and also, 1.707.

    absum, āfuī or abfuī, āfutūrus or abfutūrus, abesse, irreg. n.: to be away; to be absent, 2.620; distant, 11.907; to be wanting, missing, 1.584; inf., āfore, or abfore, will be wanting, 8.147.

    uterus, ī, m.: the womb, belly, 11.813; cavity, 2.38.

    sonitus, ūs, m.: a sounding; noise, 2.732, et al.; roaring, 2.209; thunder, 6.586. (sonō)

    īlia, ium, n. pl.: the groin, flank, 7.499; belly, 10.778.

    veniō, vēnī, ventus: to come, freq.; come forth; approach, 6.755; rise, appear, 1.353; dawn, 10.241; to present one's self or itself, 5.344; descend, spring from, 5.373; impers., ventum est, we, they came or have come, 4.151.

    arundō, inis, f.: a reed, arrow, 4.73.

    saucius, a, um: (adj.), wounded, 2.223; pierced, 4.1.

    at and ast: (conj., denoting addition either with the notion of difference, or of decided opposition), but, 1.46; yet, still, after conditional propositions; in adding new particulars, and in transitions, but also, but, now, 4.1; denoting indignation, with execration, 2.535.

    quadrupēs, edis: adj. (quattuor and pēs), four-footed; subst., c., a quadruped, animal, beast, 3.542; courser, steed, 11.875.

    intrā: (prep. w. acc., and adv.), on the inside; within, 2.33, et al.; for in, 7.168.

    refugiō, fūgī, 3, n. and a.: to fly, 3.258; flee away, 6.472; recede, stand distant, 3.536; shrink, 2.12; w. acc., start back from, 2.380; shrink from, refuse, 7.618; fugere, refugere, to fly to and fro, 12.753.

    succēdō, cessī, cessus, 3, n. and a.: to go, come up to or under, with dat., or acc. and prep., or without a case, to go up to, visit, 8.507; ascend, 12.235; come up to, advance to, 2.478; approach, 7.214; encounter, 10.847; enter, 1.627; creep under, disappear beneath, 5.93; to descend into the earth, to be buried, 11.103; take up, take upon one's self, 2.723; go under, be yoked to, 3.541; to follow, 11.481; to turn out well; succeed, come to pass, 11.794. (sub and cēdō)

    gemō, uī, itus, 3, n. and a.: to groan, 7.501; sigh, 1.465; bemoan, bewail, lament, 1.221; of inanimate things, creak, 6.413.

    stabulum, ī, n.: stable, stall, 2.499; a shepherd's dwelling, grange, 7.512; den, haunt, 6.179; cattle-camp, 8.207. (stō)

    questus, ūs, m.: a complaining; moaning; groans, 7.501; mournful sound. (queror)

    cruentus, a, um: (adj.), bloody, blood-stained, 1.296; covered with blood, 10.498.

    implōrō, āvī, ātus, 1, a.: to entreat, implore, supplicate, 4.617.

    repleō, plēvī, plētus, 2, a.: to fill again; fill up, fill, 2.679, et al.

    palma, ae, f.: the palm of the hand, 8.69; the hand, 1.93; palm branch, 5.111; a palm branch or wreath as the symbol of victory; reward, prize, 5.349; victory; a victor, 5.339.

    percutiō, cussī, cussus, 3, a.: to smite through; strike, smite, 4.589; p., percussus, a, um, struck, smitten, 7.503; of the effect of sound, reverberating, echoing, penetrated, filled, 1.513; 8.121. (per and quatiō)

    lacertus, ī, m.: the upper arm, from the shoulder to the elbow; the arm, 5.141, et al.

    conclāmō, āvī, ātus, 1, n. and a.: to call out aloud; shout, cry, 3.523; call together, 7.504.

    pestis, is, f.: destruction, 5.699; plague, pest, scourge, 3.215; death, 9.328; infection, pollution, 6.737; fatal, baneful passion, 1.712. (perdō)

    asper, era, erum: (adj.), rough, 2.379; rugged, craggy, jagged, 6.360; chased, embossed, 5.267; (fig.), of the weather, stormy, 2.110; of temperament, spirit, or nature, barbarous, 5.730; formidable, fierce, 1.14; full of strife, warlike, 1.291; cruel, stern, 6.882; angry, 1.279; bitter, 2.96; displeased, 8.365.

    imprōvīsus, a, um: (adj.), unforeseen; unlooked for, unexpected, 1.595.

    adsum, adfuī, esse, irreg. n.: to be near or by; to be present, at hand, or here, 1.595; to have arrived, 2.132; to be with, attend, 2.701; aid, accompany, 10.547; be propitious, 3.116; to beset, 2.330; inf., adfore, to be about to come, destined to come, 7.270. (imp. subj., adforem, -ēs, -et, -ent)

    torris, is, m.: a firebrand; brand, 7.506. (torreō)

    armātus, a, um: armed, charged, 12.857. (armō)

    obūstus, a, um: adj. (ob and ūrō), burnt, hardened in the fire, 7.506.

    stīpes, itis, m.: a log or post, stem, trunk of a tree, 3.43; club, 7.524.

    gravidus, a, um: adj. (gravis), heavy, 7.507, et al.; with young, pregnant; (fig.), pregnant, teeming with, 4.229.

    nōdus, ī, m.: a knot, 1.320, et al.; of a tree, 11.553; bond, 1.296; coil, 2.220; (fig.), difficult point; center of strife, 10.428.

    quis, qua or quae, quid or quod: (indef. pron., adj., and subst.), any, some, 2.94, et al.; some one, any one, any body, anything, something, 1.413, et al.; sī quis, nē quis, etc., if any, lest any, etc., freq.; (adv.), quid, as to anything, in anything, at all, freq.; sī quid, if at all, freq.

    rīmor, ātus sum, 1, dep. a.: to force open in cracks or chinks; (fig.), to ransack, explore, search, 6.599. (rīma)

    quadrifidus, a, um: adj. (quattuor and findō), four-cleft, split into four parts, 7.509.

    quercus, ūs, f.: an oak tree, 3.680; (meton.), an oak leaf crown, 6.772.

    cuneus, ī, m.: a wedge, 6.181; a wedge-shaped battalion; battalion, 12.269; dare cuneōs, to form battalions, 12.575; pl., cuneī, ōrum, the seats of the theater; an assembly, 5.664.

    scindō, scidī, scissus, 3, a.: to cut asunder; split, 6.182; part, separate, divide, 1.161; tear, 9.478; (fig.), divide, 2.39.

    spīrō, āvī, ātus, 1, n. and a.: to breathe, blow, 5.844; palpitate, 4.64; pant; breathe heavily, 7.510; heave, boil, 10.291; of odors, breathe forth, exhale, emit; w. acc., 1.404; p., spīrāns, antis, lifelike, breathing, 6.847.

    immāne: (adv.), wildly, fiercely, 12.535.

    secūris, is, f.: an ax, 2.224, et al. (secō)

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    Suggested Citation

    Christopher Francese and Meghan Reedy, Vergil: Aeneid Selections. Carlisle, Pennsylvania: Dickinson College Commentaries, 2016. ISBN: 978-1-947822-08-5. https://dcc.dickinson.edu/zh-hans/vergil-aeneid/vergil-aeneid-vii-475-510