'Prīncipiō caelum ac terrās campōsque liquentīs

lūcentemque globum lūnae Tītāniaque astra725

spīritus intus alit, tōtamque īnfūsa per artūs

mēns agitat mōlem et magnō sē corpore miscet.

Inde hominum pecudumque genus vītaeque volantum

et quae marmoreō fert mōnstra sub aequore pontus.

Igneus est ollīs vigor et caelestis orīgō730

sēminibus, quantum nōn noxia corpora tardant

terrēnīque hebetant artūs moribundaque membra.

Hinc metuunt cupiuntque, dolent gaudentque, neque aurās

dīspiciunt clausae tenebrīs et carcere caecō.

Quīn et suprēmō cum lūmine vīta relīquit,735

nōn tamen omne malum miserīs nec funditus omnēs

corporeae excēdunt pestēs, penitusque necesse est

multa diū concrēta modīs inolēscere mīrīs.

Ergō exercentur poenīs veterumque malōrum

supplicia expendunt: Aliae panduntur inānēs740

suspēnsae ad ventōs, aliīs sub gurgite vāstō

īnfectum ēluitur scelus aut exūritur ignī:

Quisque suōs patimur Mānīs. Exinde per amplum

mittimur Ēlysium et paucī laeta arva tenēmus,

dōnec longa diēs perfectō temporis orbe745

concrētam exēmit lābem, pūrumque relinquit

aetherium sēnsum atque aurāī simplicis ignem.

hās omnīs, ubi mīlle rotam volvēre per annōs,

Lēthaeum ad fluvium deus ēvocat agmine magnō,

scīlicet immemorēs supera ut convexa revīsant750

rūrsus, et incipiant in corpora velle revertī.'

    CORE VOCABULARY

    atque, or ac: (conj.), and in addition, or and besides; and, as well, and indeed, and, 1.575; freq.; even, 2.626; in comparisons, as, 4.90; than, 3.561.

    līquor, 3, dep. n.: to be in a liquid state; run, ooze, trickle, flow, 3.28; p., līquēns, entis, liquid, fluid, 1.432.

    lūceō, lūxī, 2, n.: to shine, beam, gleam, glisten, 10.137, et al.; to be exposed to view, show, 11.693.

    globus, ī, m.: any body of a spherical form; a globe, ball, 3.574; sphere, 6.725; phalanx, battalion, mass of assailants, 9.515; a mass of smoke or dust; a cloud, 9.36.

    Tītānius, a, um: adj. (Tītān), Titanian, consisting of Titans, 6.580; of Titanian origin, 6.725.

    intus: (adv.), within, 1.294, et al. (in)

    īnfundō, fūdī, fūsus, 3, a.: to pour into or upon, 6.254; pour down, 4.122; assemble, crowd together, 5.552; infuse, diffuse, 6.726; (pass.), lie, repose, 8.406.

    artus, ūs, m.: a joint of the body of man or beast, 5.422; a limb, 2.173, et al.; part, member, 6.726; frame, body, 9.490. (generally in the pl., except in later writers)

    mōlēs, is, f.: a cumbrous mass; a heavy pile or fabric; mound, rampart, 9.35; dike, 2.497; a mass of buildings, vast buildings, 1.421; structure, 11.130; frame or figure, 2.32; bulk, 5.118; weight, 7.589; pile, mass, 1.61; gigantic frame, 5.431; warlike engine, siege tower, 5.439; array, pomp, train, 12.161; body of soldiers, phalanx, 12.575; heavy storm, tempest, 5.790; toil, work, labor, 1.33.

    pecus, udis, f.: one animal of a flock or herd; an animal, 1.743; a sheep, 3.120; victim for sacrifices, 4.63.

    volāns, antis, f.: a winged creature; a bird, 6.239. (volo -are)

    marmoreus, a, um: adj. (marmor), of marble, marble, 4.392; like marble; smooth, marble-, 6.729; fair.

    mōnstrum, ī, n.: the thing which warns; an omen, a portent, 3.26; supernatural token, sign, 12.246; a prodigy, marvel, wonder, terror, 3.583; monster, 2.245. (moneō)

    īgneus, a, um: adj. (īgnis), of fire or fiery substance; fiery, 6.730; of lightning swiftness, 11.718.

    vigor, ōris, m.: activity, force, vigor, energy, 6.730. (vigeō)

    orīgō, inis, f.: a source, origin, beginning, 1.372; descent, lineage, birth, 1.286; source, root, founder, 12.166. (orior)

    sēmen, inis, n.: seed; (fig.), a spark, an element, 6.6; pl., sēmina, seeds of things, vital germs, elements, 6.731. (1. serō)

    noxius, a, um: adj. (noxa), hurtful, baneful, 6.731; destructive, 7.326.

    tardō, āvī, ātus, 1, a. and n.: to render slow; hinder, cripple, delay, 5.453; impede, enfeeble, 6.731; hold back, detain, retard, 11.21. (tardus)

    terrēnus, a, um: adj. (terra), made of earth; earthen, of earth, 11.850; earthly, earth-born, 6.732.

    hebetō, āvī, ātus, 1, a.: to make blunt; to make dull; to impair, dim, obscure, 2.605. (hebes, blunt)

    moribundus, a, um: adj. (morior), in a dying condition; ready to die, dying, 4.323; lifeless, 10.341; mortal, 6.732.

    dispiciō, spexī, spectus, 3, a.: to see distinctly, descry, perceive, discern, 6.734. (dis- and speciō, look)

    carcer, eris, m.: a dungeon, hold, prison, 1.54; carcer, or pl., carcerēs, the stalls; the starting place or barrier in the circus or race-course, 5.145.

    malum, ī, n.: an evil, a misfortune, calamity, adversity; suffering, woe, misery, 1.198; misdeed, crime, sin, wickedness, 6.739; pest, curse, scourge, 4.174; mischief, poison, 7.375.

    nec or neque: (adv. and conj.), and not; neither, nor, 1.643, et al.; in prohibition, 3.394, et al.; neque (nec) — neque (nec), neither — nor, 5.21, et al.; nec — et, or -que, may be rendered neither — nor, 12.801; 2.534; nec nōn, and also, nor less, 6.183; nec nōn et, and also, 1.707.

    funditus: (adv.), completely, utterly, entirely, 6.736.

    corporeus, a, um: adj. (corpus), bodily, corporeal, 6.737.

    excēdō, cessī, cessus, 3, n.: to go out or away; depart, 6.737; flee from, 1.357; withdraw from, 5.380; retire, 9.789.

    pestis, is, f.: destruction, 5.699; plague, pest, scourge, 3.215; death, 9.328; infection, pollution, 6.737; fatal, baneful passion, 1.712. (perdō)

    penitus: adv. (cf. penes), inwardly, far within, deep, deeply, 1.200; wholly, entirely, 6.737; afar, 11.623; far away, 1.512.

    concrēscō, crēvī, crētus, 3, n.: to grow together; grow thick; stiffen, 12.905; p., concrētus, a, um, concreted, matted, 2.277; formed by natural growth, contracted, accumulated, 6.738.

    modus, ī, m.: a method, 4.294; mode, manner, way, 1.354, et al.; a measure, of song, measure, strain, note, 7.701, et al.; bound, limit, end, 4.98, et al.; fashion, of building, 11.328; abl., modō, in the manner or fashion; like, 9.119.

    inolēscō, olēvī, olitus, 3, n.: to grow into, upon, or in, w. dat.; fasten upon, be incorporated, be fixed by growth, without a case foll., 6.738.

    mīrus, a, um: adj. (mīror), wonderful, wondrous, marvelous, 9.304; strange, 1.354; extraordinary, great, 7.57.

    expendō, pendī, pēnsus, 3, a.: to weigh out; (fig.), pay; suffer, 6.740; expiate, 2.229.

    pandō, pandī, passus or pānsus, 3, a.: to spread out or open, 7.641; unfurl, 3.520; extend, expose, 6.740; break through, open, 2.234; unbind, dishevel, 1.480; (fig.), disclose, declare, explain, reveal, 3.179.

    inānis, e: (adj.), empty, void, 3.304; light; vain, idle, fruitless, 4.210; valueless, trivial; little, brief, 4.433; lifeless, unreal, 1.464; shadowy, 6.269; unsubstantial, shadowy, airy, phantom, 6.651; subst., ināne, is, n., void space, a void, 12.354.

    suspēnsus, a, um: in suspense, uncertain, doubtful, in doubt, 6.722; anxious, 2.729; filled with awe, 3.372.

    gurges, itis, m.: a whirlpool, gulf, 3.421; flood, 2.497; wave, billow, 3.564; rolling, raging sea, abyss, 1.118; sea, ocean, 7.704.

    vāstus, a, um: (adj.), empty, void, wild, waste, 9.323; vast, unbounded, 1.118; huge, enormous, immense, 3.647; deep-, vast-, sounding, 1.245.

    īnficiō, fēcī, fectus, 3, a.: to impart some foreign quality to an object; to taint, infect; poison; stain, 5.413; mix, tincture, 12.418; p., īnfectus, a, um, inwrought, contracted, 6.742; infected, filled, 7.341. (1. in and faciō)

    ēluō, uī, ūtus, 3, a.: to wash out or away, 6.742.

    exūrō, ussī, ūstus, 3, a.: to burn out, consume with fire; burn up, 1.39; dry up, parch, 3.141; burn out, purge, 6.742.

    Mānēs, ium, m.: the deities of the lower world, 6.896; gods or powers below, 12.646; the spirits or souls of the dead in Hades; ghosts, shades, Manes, 3.63; penalties of the lower world, punishments, expiations, purgatory, 6.743; abode of the dead, 4.387; infernal regions, the world below, 10.820.

    exinde (abbrev. exin): (adv.), from that place; thence, of place; of time, thereafter; thereupon, then, 6.743, et al.

    Ēlysium, iī, n.: Elysium, the Elysian fields, the dwelling place set apart for the blessed in the lower world.

    paucus, a, um: (adj.), small, little; pl., paucī, ae, a, few, a few.

    perficiō, fēcī, fectus, 3, a.: to make completely; finish, complete, 6.745; perform, 3.178; p., perfectus, a, um, worked, wrought, executed, 5.267; fulfilled, 3.548. (per and faciō)

    tempus, oris, n.: 1. Time in general, a period, time, 1.278; interval or space of time, 4.433; crisis, circumstance, juncture, 7.37; season, fitting time, opportunity, proper moment, 4.294; ex longō (tempore), in or for a long time, 9.64. 2. The temple of the forehead, 9.418; commonly pl., 2.684; of animals, 12.173.

    eximō, ēmī, ēmptus, 3, a.: to take out; remove, 6.746; take away, remove, 1.216. (ex and emō)

    lābēs, is, f.: a falling, sinking down; decline, beginning of evil or ruin, downward step, 2.97; corruption, stain, blemish, 6.746. (1. lābor)

    pūrus, a, um: (adj.), free from stain, pure, 7.489; clear, serene, 2.590; open, unobstructed, 12.771; unmixed, 6.746; pointless, 6.760; unmarked, without symbol, or device, 11.711.

    aetherius, a, um: adj. (aethēr), pertaining to the upper air; ethereal, heavenly, 1.394, et al.; airy, 8.608.

    simplex, plicis: (adj.), uncompounded, simple; unmixed, 6.747; single, one, the same.

    rota, ae, f.: a wheel, 1.147; (fig.), circle or orbit of time, 6.748.

    volvō, volvī, volūtus, 3, a.: to roll, 1.86; roll along or down, 1.101; roll or cast up, 3.206; toss, hurl, 12.906; roll over, roll in the dust, 12.329; cast, hurl down, 1.116; 9.512; roll, wheel, 1.163; of books, open, unroll, 1.262; of the Fates, fix the circle of events, decree, ordain, dispose, 1.22; 3.376; of the mind, revolve, meditate, reflect upon, 1.305; pass, continue, live through, experience, endure, suffer, 1.9; rotam volvere, to complete a cycle, period; (pass.), volvī, roll over, roll, 10.590; turn or wind about, 7.350; to be shed, to flow, 4.449; roll on, revolve, 1.269.

    Lēthaeus, a, um: (adj.), of Lethe, the river of forgetfulness in Hades; oblivious, Lethean, 5.854, et al.

    fluvius, iī, m.: a stream; river, 1.607; water, fountains, abundant water; secundō fluviō, by the favoring stream, with or down the stream, 7.494. (fluō)

    ēvocō, āvī, ātus, 1, a.: to call out or forth; summon, conjure, 4.242.

    immemor, oris: (adj.), not remembering, without memory, oblivious, 6.750; unconscious, 9.374; reckless, heedless, 2.244; often w. gen., unmindful, forgetful of, 5.39.

    convexum, ī, n.: a convexity; recess, 1.310; pl., convexa, ōrum, vault, arch, 4.451; the concave vaulted sky or heavens, 6.241; convexities, sloping or hollow sides, 1.608.

    revīsō, 3, a. and n.: to look at again; visit again, return to see; return to, 2.760; revisit, 3.318.

    revertō, 3, n., and revertor, versus sum, 3, dep. n.: to turn back; go, come back, return, 3.101.

    article Nav

    Suggested Citation

    Christopher Francese and Meghan Reedy, Vergil: Aeneid Selections. Carlisle, Pennsylvania: Dickinson College Commentaries, 2016. ISBN: 978-1-947822-08-5. https://dcc.dickinson.edu/zh-hans/vergil-aeneid/vergil-aeneid-vi-724-751