Ilicet in muros tota discurritur urbe.

concilium ipse pater et magna incepta Latinus

deserit ac tristi turbatus tempore differt,470

multaque se incusat qui non acceperit ultro

Dardanium Aenean generumque asciuerit urbi.

praefodiunt alii portas aut saxa sudesque

subuectant. bello dat signum rauca cruentum

bucina. tum muros uaria cinxere corona475

matronae puerique, uocat labor ultimus omnis.

nec non ad templum summasque ad Palladis arces

subuehitur magna matrum regina caterua

dona ferens, iuxtaque comes Lauinia uirgo,

causa mali tanti, oculos deiecta decoros.480

succedunt matres et templum ture uaporant

et maestas alto fundunt de limine uoces:

'armipotens, praeses belli, Tritonia uirgo,

frange manu telum Phrygii praedonis, et ipsum

pronum sterne solo portisque effunde sub altis.'485

Cingitur ipse furēns certātim in proelia Turnus.

Iamque adeō rutilum thōrāca indūtus aēnīs

horrēbat squāmīs sūrāsque inclūserat aurō,

tempora nūdus adhūc, laterīque accīnxerat ēnsem,

fulgēbatque altā dēcurrēns aureus arce490

exsultatque animīs et spē iam praecipit hostem:

quālis ubi abruptīs fūgit praesepia vinclīs

tandem līber equus, campōque potītus apertō

aut ille in pāstūs armentaque tendit equārum

aut adsuētus aquae perfundī flūmine nōtō495

ēmicat, arrēctīsque fremit cervīcibus altē

lūxuriāns lūduntque iubae per colla, per armōs.

    CORE VOCABULARY

    īlicet: (adv.), straightway, immediately, at once, instantly, 2.424. (īre and licet)

    discurrō, cucurrī, or currī, cursus, 3, n.: to run apart; to ride in different directions, 5.580; to move in patrols, or hurry to and fro as patrols, 9.164; (impers.), discurritur, they hurry in different directions, 11.468.

    concilium, iī, n.: a body called together; assembly, council, 2.89; throng, company, 3.679. (com- and root cal-, call)

    inceptum, ī, n.: a beginning; deliberation, 11.469; undertaking, design, purpose, 1.37; measure, movement, 12.566. (incipiō)

    Latīnus, ī, m.: Latinus, a king of Latium, whose capital was Laurentum, and whose daughter, Lavinia, became the wife of Aeneas, 6.891, et al. (Latium)

    atque, or ac: (conj.), and in addition, or and besides; and, as well, and indeed, and, 1.575; freq.; even, 2.626; in comparisons, as, 4.90; than, 3.561.

    tempus, oris, n.: 1. Time in general, a period, time, 1.278; interval or space of time, 4.433; crisis, circumstance, juncture, 7.37; season, fitting time, opportunity, proper moment, 4.294; ex longō (tempore), in or for a long time, 9.64. 2. The temple of the forehead, 9.418; commonly pl., 2.684; of animals, 12.173.

    incūsō, āvī, ātus, 1, a.: to bring a cause or case against any one; to accuse, reproach, blame, 2.745; without object, upbraid, complain, 1.410. (1. in and causa)

    ultrō: (adv.), to the farther side; furthermore, over and above, moreover, 2.145, et al.; even, 9.127; beyond the limit of necessity; uncompelled, unasked, unimpelled; apart from all external influences, of one's self, of one's own accord or motion, voluntarily, willingly; unprompted by any words on another's part, first, 2.372; 4.304; unaddressed, 10.606; promptly, 10.282; impetuously, 12.3. (cf. ulterior)

    Dardanius, a, um: adj. (Dardanus), Dardanian, Trojan, 5.711; subst., Dardanius, iī, m., the Dardanian; the Trojan, 12.14.

    Aenēās, ae, m.: 1. A Trojan chief, son of Venus and Anchises, and hero of the Aeneid, 1.92. 2. Aenēās Silvius, one of the Alban kings, 6.769.

    gener, erī: a son-in-law, 2.344, et al.

    adscīscō, scīvī, scītus, 3, a.: to call to one’s aid; to ally, 11.308; to adopt, 11.472. (adsciō)

    praefodiō, fōdī, fossus, 3, a.: to dig before or in front of, 11.473.

    sudēs, is, f.: a stake; a palisade, 11.473.

    subvectō, 1, freq. a.: to carry up often, carry up, bring up, 11.474; transport, convey, 11.131; carry across, 6.303.

    raucus, a, um: (adj.), rough-sounding, hoarse; screaming, 7.705; roaring, resounding, 2.545; (adv.), rauca, hoarsely, 9.125.

    cruentus, a, um: (adj.), bloody, blood-stained, 1.296; covered with blood, 10.498.

    būcina, ae, f.: a trumpet, 7.519.

    corōna, ae, f.: a crown, 1.655; wreath, garland, 3.525; a crowd or throng; a circle of defenders on a rampart; a garrison, 9.508; a circle or crowd of assailants, 9.551.

    mātrōna, ae, f.: a matron, mother, 11.476. (māter)

    nec or neque: (adv. and conj.), and not; neither, nor, 1.643, et al.; in prohibition, 3.394, et al.; neque (nec) — neque (nec), neither — nor, 5.21, et al.; nec — et, or -que, may be rendered neither — nor, 12.801; 2.534; nec nōn, and also, nor less, 6.183; nec nōn et, and also, 1.707.

    Pallas, adis, f.: Pallas Athena, identified by the Romans with Minerva, 1.39; rāmus Palladis, the bough sacred to Pallas, the olive, 7.154.

    subvehō, vexī, vectus, 3, a.: to carry up; (pass.), ride up, ascend, 11.478; 5.721; sail, float up, 8.58.

    rēgīna, ae, f.: a queen, 1.9; princess, 1.273. (rēx)

    caterva, ae, f.: a troop, squadron, band, 2.370; crowd, throng, multitude, 2.40; flock, 11.456.

    iūxtā: (adv. and prep. w. acc.), near, close, near by, 2.513; at the same time, 2.666; near to, 3.506.

    Lāvīnia, ae, f.: a Latin princess, daughter of King Latinus, 6.764, et al.

    malum, ī, n.: an evil, a misfortune, calamity, adversity; suffering, woe, misery, 1.198; misdeed, crime, sin, wickedness, 6.739; pest, curse, scourge, 4.174; mischief, poison, 7.375.

    dēiciō, iēcī, iectus, 3, a.: to cast down, 6.581; strike down, slay, 11.642; drive down, 4.152; shoot or bring down, 5.542; deprive of, 3.317; dēicere vultum, to cast down the eyes, 3.320; (pass.), dēicī, to be disheartened, dismayed, 10.858. (dē and iaciō)

    decōrus, a, um: adj. (decor), fit, proper, becoming, 5.343; graceful, beautiful, 1.589; adorned, 5.133; shining, 11.194.

    succēdō, cessī, cessus, 3, n. and a.: to go, come up to or under, with dat., or acc. and prep., or without a case, to go up to, visit, 8.507; ascend, 12.235; come up to, advance to, 2.478; approach, 7.214; encounter, 10.847; enter, 1.627; creep under, disappear beneath, 5.93; to descend into the earth, to be buried, 11.103; take up, take upon one's self, 2.723; go under, be yoked to, 3.541; to follow, 11.481; to turn out well; succeed, come to pass, 11.794. (sub and cēdō)

    tūs, tūris, n.: incense, 1.417, et al.

    vapōrō, āvī, ātus, 1, n. and a.: to send out steam; to fumigate; perfume, 11.481. (vapor)

    armipotēns, entis: adj. (arma and potēns), powerful in arms; valiant, brave, warlike, 2.425.

    praeses, idis, c.: one presiding; an arbiter; arbitress, 11.483. (praesideō)

    Trītōnius, a, um: adj. (Trītōn), pertaining to the lake Triton (see Trītōnis); Tritonian, an epithet of Pallas, 2.615, et al.; subst., Trītōnia, ae, Minerva, Tritonia, 2.171.

    manus, ūs, f.: the hand, 1.487; freq.; (meton.), action, movement of the hand; work, art, handiwork, 3.486; prowess, heroic deed, action, 2.434; force, violence, 2.645; a collection of persons; a band, crew, troop; an army, 2.29; forces, 5.623; multitude, 6.660; pl., manūs, workmen, 11.329; dare manūs, to yield, 11.558; extrēma manus, the finishing hand or touch, 7.572.

    Phrygius, a, um: Phrygian, Trojan, 1.381; subst., Phrygiae, ārum, f., Phrygian or Trojan women, 518. (Phryx)

    praedō, ōnis, m.: a robber, 10.774. (cf. praedor, rob)

    prōnus, a, um: (adj.), inclined, stooping or bending forward, 3.668; leaning 8.236; descending, falling, 11.485; going down, 9.713; favorable, safe, 5.212.

    sternō, strāvī, strātus, 3, a.: to spread out, spread, 1.700; stretch on the ground, strike down, slay, 1.190; cast down, prostrate, devastate, 2.306; make level, smooth, calm, 5.763; spread, cover, 8.719; strew, litter; overthrow, conquer, 6.858; pass. (in middle sense), sternor, ī, to stretch one's self, lie down, 3.509.

    solum, ī, n.: the bottom or ground of anything; soil, earth, ground, 1.367, et al.; land, 3.698; foundation, 10.102; the water beneath a ship, as its support; the water, sea, 5.199; support, table, 7.111.

    effundō, fūdī, fūsus, 3, a.: to pour out or forth; shed, 2.271; throw, cast out, 7.780; cast, 6.339; overthrow, 11.485; bring out, 9.68; unbind, dishevel, 4.509; dissolve, 2.651; let loose, throw out, 5.818; spend, lose, waste, 5.446; of words, utter, 5.780; (pass.), effundī, dart, 5.145; flow, 6.686. (ex and fundō)

    furō, uī, 3, n.: to be mad; freq., to rave, be frantic, rage, 1.491; to be furious, burn, storm (for war), 7.625; to be burning or mad with love, 1.659; to be frenzied, in a frenzy, 6.100; inspired, 2.345; distracted with grief, 3.313; plunge madly, 9.552; boil, 7.464; with cognate acc., give vent to one's fury, 12.680.

    certātim: (adv.), with striving or contention; emulously, vying one with another; with every blow, 2.628; emulously, 3.290; impatiently, 11.486; as if in rivalry; fiercely, 11.209. (certō)

    Turnus, ī, m.: the chief of the Rutulians, 7.56, et al.

    rutilus, a, um: adj. (rel. to rubeō), of a red and gold color or flame color; red, glowing.

    thōrāx, ācis, acc. pl., -ācas, m.: a corselet, breastplate, cuirass, 7.633.

    induō, uī, ūtus, 3, a.: to put into; put on, assume, 1.684; clothe; surround, crown, 3.526; pierce, slay, 10.682; (pass. as middle, w. acc.), gird one's self with, put on, 2.393; induere in vultūs, transform to the features, 7.20.

    aēnus, a, um: adj. (aes), of bronze; brazen, 2.470; subst., aēnum, ī, n., a bronze or brazen vessel; caldron, 1.213, et al.

    horreō, 2, n. and a.: to bristle up or be bristling, 6.419; to bristle, 11.602; (fig.), to shudder, tremble, 2.12; shudder at, fear, dread, 4.209.

    squāma, ae, f.: a scale of fishes, serpents, etc.; of the small plates or scales of armor, 11.488; singular as a collective, scales, 5.88, et al.

    sūra, ae, f.: the calf of the leg; the leg, 1.337.

    inclūdō, clūsī, clūsus, 3, a.: to shut in, inclose, 6.680; secrete, 2.19; for interclūdō, stop, choke, 7.534; to mount, set, inlay, adorn, 12.211. (1. in and claudō)

    accingō, cīnxī, cīnctus (pass. inf., accingier, 4.493), 3, a.: to gird on; gird, 2.614; arm, equip, 6.184; make one’s self ready; prepare, 1.210; resort to, 4.493. (ad and cingō)

    ēnsis, is, m.: a sword, 2.393, et al.; knife, 2.155.

    fulgeō, fulsī, 2, and fulgō, 3, n.: to shine brightly; flash, gleam, glance, 5.562.

    dēcurrō, cucurrī or currī, cursus, 3, n. and a.: to run down, hasten down, 2.41; descend, 5.610; run completely round, 11.189; sail over, sweep over, 5.212.

    exsultō, āvī, ātus, 1, intens. n.: to spring; move with bold or exulting strides, 2.470; 10.643; advance proudly, 10.550; bound, 12.688; rise, surge in billows, swell, 3.557; bubble, 7.464; pant, 5.137; exult, rejoice, triumph, 2.386. (exsiliō)

    abrumpō, rūpī, ruptus, 3, a.: to break off, away, or tear away from, 9.118; tear asunder, rend, 3.199; end suddenly or abruptly, 4.388; put an end to, 4.631; violate, 3.55; p. abruptus, a, um, having burst, bursting, breaking forth, subst., abruptum, ī, n., anything broken off; a precipice; abyss, chasm, 3.422; in abruptum, headlong, 12.687.

    praesaepe, is, n.: an inclosure, fold, stall, stable, pen, 7.17; hive, 1.435.(rel. to praesaepio)

    potior, ītus sum, 4, dep. n.: to become master or possessor of; get, take possession, w. abl., 3.56; enjoy, 4.217; seize, 12.642; win, 9.363; achieve, execute, 6.624; gain, reach, 1.172. (potitur, 3.56; 4.217) (potis)

    aperiō, uī, tus, 4, a.: to uncover, lay bare, 1.107; throw open, open, 2.60; disclose to the view, 3.206; disclose, reveal, 6.12; (pass.), aperīrī, to appear, 8.681; p., apertus, a, um, opened, 8.585; unguarded, 11.748; adj., open, 1.155; clear, pure, 1.587. (ab and root par, whence pariō)

    pāstus, ūs, m.: a pasturing, feeding; pasture, 11.494. (pāscō)

    armentum, ī, n.: collective (arō), beasts used for plowing; cattle, 2.499, et al.; of all kinds of animals, a herd, drove; of deer, 1.185; of horses, 3.540.

    equa, ae, f.: a mare. (equus)

    adsuēscō, suēvī, suētus, 3, a. and n.: to accustom to, make familiar, habituate to; with dat., acc. and dat., and infin., to get or become accustomed, be wont, learn; with abl., 7.746; adsuēscere bella animīs, instead of adsuēscere animōs bellīs, to cherish war in the heart, 6.832.

    perfundō, fūdī, fūsus, 3, a.: to pour over or along; wash, 3.397; overspread, overflow, 11.626; spot, stain, 2.221; anoint, 5.135; besprinkle, 12.611.

    ēmicō, uī, ātus, 1, n.: to leap, spring forth, 6.5; to dart, bound, or spring upward, 2.175; run, rush, dart forward, 5.319.

    arrigō, rēxī, rēctus, 3, a.: to raise up; erect; bristle up, 10.726; (fig.), to excite, rouse; p., arrēctus, a, um, standing up, rising; erect, 5.426; bristling, 11.754; attentive, 1.152; animated, roused, encouraged, 1.579; ardent, intent; intense, 5.138; in fearful expectation, 12.731. (ad and regō)

    fremō, uī, itus, 3, n. and a.: to make a murmuring noise; to roar, 1.56; whinny, neigh, 12.82; raise lamentations, 6.175; whiz, 12.922; resound, 4.668; rage, 5.19; to be fierce, furious, 4.229; fume, rave, 12.535; shout and sing, 4.146; a., rage, rave for, clamor for, 11.453, et al.; ore fremere, applaud, shout applause, 5.385; p., fremēns, entis, raging, 4.229.

    cervīx, īcis, f.: the neck, including the back or nape of the neck, 1.477, et al.

    altē: (adv.), aloft, on high; high, 1.337; high up; deeply, deep; comp., altius, higher. (altus)

    lūxuriō, āvī, ātus, 1, n., and lūxurior, ātus sum, 1, dep. n.: to luxuriate, foll. by ablat.; to abound, be full; rejoice, 11.497. (lūxuria, abundance)

    lūdō, lūsī, lūsus, 3, n. and a.: to play, frolic, sport, 1.397, et al.; play with dice, 9.336; make sport of, mock, delude, deceive, 1.352; make one's sport, 11.427.

    iuba, ae, f.: the mane of a horse; of a serpent, 2.206; of a helmet, plume, crest, 2.412.

    collum, ī, n.: the neck of men and animals, 1.654, et al.; of a plant, 9.436; pl., the neck, 11.692.

    armus, ī, m.: the shoulder, strictly at the shoulder blade; of beasts, shoulder, 11.497; flank, side, 6.881; of men, the shoulder, 11.644

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    Suggested Citation

    Christopher Francese and Meghan Reedy, Vergil: Aeneid Selections. Carlisle, Pennsylvania: Dickinson College Commentaries, 2016. ISBN: 978-1-947822-08-5. https://dcc.dickinson.edu/ro/vergil-aeneid/vergil-aeneid-xi-468-497