At Iouis interea monitis Mezentius ardens

succedit pugnae Teucrosque inuadit ouantis.690

concurrunt Tyrrhenae acies atque omnibus uni,

uni odiisque uiro telisque frequentibus instant.

ille (uelut rupes uastum quae prodit in aequor,

obuia uentorum furiis expostaque ponto,

uim cunctam atque minas perfert caelique marisque695

ipsa immota manens) prolem Dolichaonis Hebrum

sternit humi, cum quo Latagum Palmumque fugacem,

sed Latagum saxo atque ingenti fragmine montis

occupat os faciemque aduersam, poplite Palmum

succiso uolui segnem sinit, armaque Lauso700

donat habere umeris et uertice figere cristas.

nec non Euanthen Phrygium Paridisque Mimanta

aequalem comitemque, una quem nocte Theano

in lucem genitore Amyco dedit et face praegnas

Cisseis regina Parim; Paris urbe paterna705

occubat, ignarum Laurens habet ora Mimanta.

ac uelut ille canum morsu de montibus altis

actus aper, multos Vesulus quem pinifer annos

defendit multosque palus Laurentia silua

pascit harundinea, postquam inter retia uentum est,710

substitit infremuitque ferox et inhorruit armos,

nec cuiquam irasci propiusue accedere uirtus,

sed iaculis tutisque procul clamoribus instant;

ille autem impauidus partis cunctatur in omnis717

dentibus infrendens et tergo decutit hastas:718

haud aliter, iustae quibus est Mezentius irae,714

non ulli est animus stricto concurrere ferro,715

missilibus longe et uasto clamore lacessunt.716

    CORE VOCABULARY

    Iuppiter, Iovis, m.: Jupiter, son of Saturn and Rhea, and king of the gods, 1.223; Iuppiter Stygius, Pluto, 4.638.

    intereā: (adv.), amid these things; meanwhile, in the meantime, 1.418, et al.

    monitum, ī, n.: an admonition; counsel; advice, warning, 4.331; command, 8.336; influence, 10.689. (moneō)

    Mēzentius, iī, m.: tyrant of Agylla or Caere, and ally of Latinus and Turnus, 7.648.

    ārdēns, entis: burning, hot, sparkling, flaming, 5.637; bright, 4.482; impassioned, ardent, eager, 1.423; spirited, fiery, 1.472; glowing, lofty, 6.130; fierce, furious, 2.529; angry, 6.467. (ardeo)

    succēdō, cessī, cessus, 3, n. and a.: to go, come up to or under, with dat., or acc. and prep., or without a case, to go up to, visit, 8.507; ascend, 12.235; come up to, advance to, 2.478; approach, 7.214; encounter, 10.847; enter, 1.627; creep under, disappear beneath, 5.93; to descend into the earth, to be buried, 11.103; take up, take upon one's self, 2.723; go under, be yoked to, 3.541; to follow, 11.481; to turn out well; succeed, come to pass, 11.794. (sub and cēdō)

    Teucrī, ōrum, m.: the Trojans, descendants of Teucer, 1.38, et al.; adj., Teucrian, Trojan, 9.779, et al. (Teucer)

    invādō, vāsī, vāsus, 3, a. and n.: to go into; enter, 3.382; enter upon, 6.260; invade, violate, 6.623; rush into, 12.712; attack, assail, 2.414; address, accost, 4.265; undertake, adventure, 9.186.

    ovō, ātus, 1, n.: to shout, rejoice, 3.544; triumph, 6.589; p., ovāns, antis, exulting, joyous, shouting, triumphant, 4.543; of things, 10.409.

    concurrō, currī (rarely cucurrī), cursus, 3, n.: to run together or at once; crowd around, 12.297; rush, 2.315; rush to conflict, 7.224; rush against a foe; (with dat.), engage, encounter, 1.493.

    Tyrrhēnus, a, um: adj. (Tyrrhēnī), Tyrrhenian; Etruscan, Tuscan, 1.67; subst., Tyrrhēnus, ī, m., a Tuscan, 10.787.

    īnstō, stitī, 1, n.: to stand on or upon; w. dat., acc., inf., or alone; w. dat., to stand on, 11.529; stand or hang over, 10.196; (w. acc.), to work at, ply work upon, 8.834; (w. inf.), urge on, press on, 1.423; persist, 10.118; (alone), to follow up, press on; pursue, 1.468; struggle, 12.783; be near at hand, approach, threaten, 12.916; to be urgent, important, incumbent, 4.115.

    rūpēs, is, f.: a rock, cliff, crag, ledge, freq.; quarry, 1.429. (rumpō)

    vāstus, a, um: (adj.), empty, void, wild, waste, 9.323; vast, unbounded, 1.118; huge, enormous, immense, 3.647; deep-, vast-, sounding, 1.245.

    prōdeō, īvī or iī, itus, īre, irreg. n.: to go forth; move forward or along, 6.199; advance, project, 10.693.

    obvius, a, um: adj. (ob and via), in the way; presenting one's self or itself; meeting, 1.314; against, 6.880; opposing, 9.56; in the way of; exposed to, 3.499; obvius fierī, to encounter, meet, 10.380.

    furiae, ārum, f.: rage, fury, madness, frenzy, 1.41, et al.; vengeance, 8.494; personif., Furiae, ārum, the goddesses of vengeance, the Furies, Allecto, Megaera, and Tisiphone; the Avengers, 3.331; for the Harpies, 3.252. (furō)

    expōnō, posuī, positus (expostus), 3, a.: to put forth; plunge, 10.305; to land, 6.416; to put out or extend, 10.654; expose to, 10.694.

    minae, ārum, f.: the projecting parts; points, pinnacles, battlements, 4.88; threats, menaces, 4.44; perils, 6.113; curses, 3.265. (cf. -mineō in immineō, etc.)

    perferō, tulī, lātus, ferre, irreg. a.: to carry or bear through; carry, restore, return, 11.717; report, 5.665; convey completely, carry home, 10.786; reach the mark, 12.907; undergo, endure, suffer, 3.323; (w. reflex. pron.), betake one's self, go, 1.389; p., perlātus, a, um, carried to the mark; striking, 11.803.

    immōtus, a, um: (adj.), unmoved, motionless; immovable, 3.77; (fig.), firm, fixed, steadfast, unchangeable, 1.257.

    prōlēs, is, f.: that which springs forth; offspring, race, progeny, 1.75; lineage, 3.180.

    Dolichāōn, onis, m.: a Trojan, 10.696.

    Hēbrus, ī, m.: a river of Thrace, 1.317, et al.; a Trojan slain by Mezentius, 10.696.

    sternō, strāvī, strātus, 3, a.: to spread out, spread, 1.700; stretch on the ground, strike down, slay, 1.190; cast down, prostrate, devastate, 2.306; make level, smooth, calm, 5.763; spread, cover, 8.719; strew, litter; overthrow, conquer, 6.858; pass. (in middle sense), sternor, ī, to stretch one's self, lie down, 3.509.

    Latagus, ī, m.: a Tyrrhenian, 10.697.

    Palmus, ī, m.: a Trojan, 10.697.

    fugāx, ācis: adj. (fugiō), swift in flight; fleet, 10.697; timid, 9.591.

    frāgmen, inis, n.: a fracture; a piece broken off, fragment, 9.569. (frangō)

    poples, itis, m.: the hinder part of the knee; hamstring, 9.762; knee, 12.492.

    succīdō, cīdī, cīsus, 3, a.: to cut beneath; cut, sever, 9.762. (sub and caedō)

    volvō, volvī, volūtus, 3, a.: to roll, 1.86; roll along or down, 1.101; roll or cast up, 3.206; toss, hurl, 12.906; roll over, roll in the dust, 12.329; cast, hurl down, 1.116; 9.512; roll, wheel, 1.163; of books, open, unroll, 1.262; of the Fates, fix the circle of events, decree, ordain, dispose, 1.22; 3.376; of the mind, revolve, meditate, reflect upon, 1.305; pass, continue, live through, experience, endure, suffer, 1.9; rotam volvere, to complete a cycle, period; (pass.), volvī, roll over, roll, 10.590; turn or wind about, 7.350; to be shed, to flow, 4.449; roll on, revolve, 1.269.

    sēgnis, e: (adj.), tardy, sluggish, dilatory, backward, 11.736; slothful, inactive, 3.513; mean-spirited, cowardly, 9.787; helpless, 10.700; (fig.), idle, exhausted; comp., sēgnior, less glorious, less divine, 4.149; less rapid, 7.383.

    Lausus, ī, m.: an Etruscan chief, son of Mezentius, 7.649, et al.

    umerus, ī, m.: the upper bone of the arm; the shoulder, 1.501, and freq.

    vertex, icis, m.: a whirl; whirlpool, 7.567; vortex, 1.117; whirling column of flame, 12.673; the top, crown of the head, the head, 1.403; summit, top, 1.163; mountain summit, height, 3.679; ā vertice, from on high, from above, 1.114. (vertō)

    fīgō, fīxī, fīxus, 3, a.: to fix or fasten; freq., the object in or on which, in the abl., 1.212; abl. w. prep., 6.636; acc. w. prep., 9.408; fasten up, suspend from, 3.287; hang up, 1.248; set up, establish, make, 6.622; transfix, pierce, 5.516; hurl (fix by hurling), 10.883; wound, 10.343; inscribe, 11.84.

    crista, ae, f.: a crest, plume, 3.468; helmet, 7.185.

    nec or neque: (adv. and conj.), and not; neither, nor, 1.643, et al.; in prohibition, 3.394, et al.; neque (nec) — neque (nec), neither — nor, 5.21, et al.; nec — et, or -que, may be rendered neither — nor, 12.801; 2.534; nec nōn, and also, nor less, 6.183; nec nōn et, and also, 1.707.

    Euanthēs, ae, m.: a Trojan warrior, 10.702.

    Phrygius, a, um: Phrygian, Trojan, 1.381; subst., Phrygiae, ārum, f., Phrygian or Trojan women, 518. (Phryx)

    Paris, idis, m.: Paris, son of Priam and Hecuba, who occasioned the Trojan war by carrying off Helen from Sparta; slain by the arrow of Philoctetes, 4.215, et al.

    Mimās, antis, m.: a Trojan slain by Mezentius, 10.702.

    aequālis, e: adj. (aequō), equal; of the same age, 10.194; fellow, companion; subst., c., companion, 5.468.

    Theānō, ūs, f.: the wife of the Trojan Amycus, 10.703.

    genitor, ōris, m.: he who begets; father, sire, 1.155, et al. (gignō)

    Amycus, ī, m.: 1. Amycus, a son of Neptune, king of the Bebrycians, famous for his prowess in boxing, 5.373. 2. A companion of Aeneas, 1.221. 3. Another Trojan of the same name, 9.772.

    praegnāns, antis: with young, pregnant, 7.320. (prae and genō)

    Cissēis, idis, f.: the daughter of Cisseus; Hecuba, 7.320. (Cisseus)

    rēgīna, ae, f.: a queen, 1.9; princess, 1.273. (rēx)

    paternus, a, um: adj. (pater), pertaining to a father; a father's, of a father, 5.81; derived from a father; paternal, ancestral, 3.121.

    occubō, 1, n.: to lie, rest (in death), 1.547.

    ignārus, a, um: (adj.), not knowing; freq.; unaware, ignorant, 11.154; often w. genit., ignorant of, 1.630; unsuspicious of, 2.106; unconscious, 9.345; not knowing the land; (pass.), unknown, a stranger, 10.706.

    Laurēns, entis: adj. (Laurentum), of Laurentum, the ancient capital of Latium; Laurentine, Laurentian, 5.797, et al., subst., Laurentēs, um, pl. m., the Laurentians, 7.63, et al.

    ōra, ae, f.: a margin, border, 12.924; coast, shore, 3.396; region, 2.91; rim, extremity, 10.477; pl., outline, compass, 9.528.

    atque, or ac: (conj.), and in addition, or and besides; and, as well, and indeed, and, 1.575; freq.; even, 2.626; in comparisons, as, 4.90; than, 3.561.

    morsus, ūs, m.: a biting; eating, 3.394; tooth, 7.112; fang, 2.215; gripe, hold, 12.782; fluke, 1.169. (mordeō)

    aper, prī, m.: a wild boar, 1.324, et al.

    Vesulus, ī, m.: a mountain in the Maritime Alps, west of Liguria, 10.708.

    pīnifer, era, erum: adj. (pīnus and ferō), pine-bearing, pine-covered, 4.249.

    palūs, ūdis, f.: a marsh, swamp, moor, fen, 6.107; water, 6.414; pond, lake, 8.88.

    Laurentius, a, um: adj. (Laurentum), of Laurentum, the ancient capital of Latium; Laurentine, Laurentian, 10.709.

    pāscō, pāvī, pāstus, 3, a. and n.: to furnish with food; to feed; rear, breed, 6.655; nourish, 1.608; (fig.), 1.464; let grow, 7.391; cherish, indulge, nourish, 10.627; pass. as dep., pāscor, pāstus sum, 3, a. and n., to graze, 1.186; feed upon, eat, 2.471; use for pasture, to pasture, 11.319.

    harundineus, a, um: adj. (harundō), of reeds, reedy, 10.710.

    rēte, is, n.: a net, 4.131.

    veniō, vēnī, ventus: to come, freq.; come forth; approach, 6.755; rise, appear, 1.353; dawn, 10.241; to present one's self or itself, 5.344; descend, spring from, 5.373; impers., ventum est, we, they came or have come, 4.151.

    subsistō, stitī, 3, n. and a.: to stand after; halt, stand still, 2.243; wait, remain, 11.506; tarry, remain behind, 2.739; stop, 12.491; withstand, resist, hold out, 9.806.

    īnfremō, uī, 3, n.: to bellow; rage, storm, 10.711.

    ferōx, ōcis: adj. (ferus), wild; impetuous; ferocious, fiery, fierce, 5.277; warlike, martial; proud, 12.895.

    inhorreō, uī, 2, n.: to be rough; of the sea, rise up, become rough, swell, 3.195; to cause to bristle, 10.711.

    armus, ī, m.: the shoulder, strictly at the shoulder blade; of beasts, shoulder, 11.497; flank, side, 6.881; of men, the shoulder, 11.644

    accēdō, cessī, cessus (perf. ind., accēstis for accessistis, 1.201), 3, n.: to go or draw near to; approach, with acc. alone, 1.307. (ad and cedo)

    iaculum, ī, n.: a thing hurled; a spear, dart, or javelin, 3.46, et al. (iaciō)

    stringō, strīnxī, strīctus, 3, a.: to draw tight, bind; of a sword, draw out, draw, 2.334; graze, touch lightly, go near, 5.163; trim up, cut, 1.552; (fig.), touch the mind, 9.294.

    missilis, e: adj. (mittō), that is sent or cast; missive, thrown, hurled, 10.421; subst., missilia, ium, n., missile weapons, darts, missiles, 10.802.

    lacessō, cessīvī, cessītus, 3, intens. a.: to provoke, rouse, irritate, incite, 5.429; call forth, summon, rouse, 10.10; challenge, attack, assail, 11.585; strike, smite, 7.527; slap with the hand, caress, cheer, 12.85.

    impavidus, a, um: (adj.), not afraid; fearless, intrepid, 10.717.

    cunctor, ātus sum, 1, dep. n.: to delay, hesitate, linger, wait, 4.133; keep one's ground, stand at bay, 10.717.

    dēns, dentis, m.: a tooth, 3.664; the fluke of an anchor, 6.3.

    īnfrendeō, 2, n., and īnfrendō, 3, n.: to gnash, 3.664.

    dēcutiō, cussī, cussus, 3, a.: to shake off. (dē and quatiō)

    hasta, ae, f.: a spear, 2.50, and freq.; hasta pūra, a headless spear, 6.760; pampinea hasta, a thyrsus, 7.396.

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    Suggested Citation

    Christopher Francese and Meghan Reedy, Vergil: Aeneid Selections. Carlisle, Pennsylvania: Dickinson College Commentaries, 2016. ISBN: 978-1-947822-08-5. https://dcc.dickinson.edu/pt/vergil-aeneid/vergil-aeneid-x-689-718