Haec ubi defleuit, tolli miserabile corpus

imperat, et toto lectos ex agmine mittit60

mille uiros qui supremum comitentur honorem

intersintque patris lacrimis, solacia luctus

exigua ingentis, misero sed debita patri.

haud segnes alii cratis et molle feretrum

arbuteis texunt uirgis et uimine querno65

exstructosque toros obtentu frondis inumbrant.

hic iuuenem agresti sublimem stramine ponunt:

qualem uirgineo demessum pollice florem

seu mollis uiolae seu languentis hyacinthi,

cui neque fulgor adhuc nec dum sua forma recessit,70

non iam mater alit tellus uirisque ministrat.

tum geminas uestis auroque ostroque rigentis

extulit Aeneas, quas illi laeta laborum

ipsa suis quondam manibus Sidonia Dido

fecerat et tenui telas discreuerat auro.75

harum unam iuueni supremum maestus honorem

induit arsurasque comas obnubit amictu,

multaque praeterea Laurentis praemia pugnae

aggerat et longo praedam iubet ordine duci;

addit equos et tela quibus spoliauerat hostem.80

uinxerat et post terga manus, quos mitteret umbris

inferias, caeso sparsurus sanguine flammas,

indutosque iubet truncos hostilibus armis

ipsos ferre duces inimicaque nomina figi.

ducitur infelix aeuo confectus Acoetes,85

pectora nunc foedans pugnis, nunc unguibus ora,

sternitur et toto proiectus corpore terrae;

ducunt et Rutulo perfusos sanguine currus.

post bellator equus positis insignibus Aethon

it lacrimans guttisque umectat grandibus ora.90

hastam alii galeamque ferunt, nam cetera Turnus

uictor habet. tum maesta phalanx Teucrique sequuntur

Tyrrhenique omnes et uersis Arcades armis.

postquam omnis longe comitum praecesserat ordo,

substitit Aeneas gemituque haec addidit alto:95

'nos alias hinc ad lacrimas eadem horrida belli

fata uocant: salue aeternum mihi, maxime Palla,

aeternumque uale.' nec plura effatus ad altos

tendebat muros gressumque in castra ferebat.

    CORE VOCABULARY

    dēfleō, flēvī, flētus, 2, a. and n.: to weep much; weep over, bewail, bemoan, lament, 6.220.

    miserābilis, e: adj. (miseror), that deserves to be pitied; pitiable, miserable, deplorable, wretched, 1.111; (adv.), miserābile, wretchedly, pitiably, 12.338.

    comitor, ātus sum, 1. dep. a.: to accompany, attend, follow, 3.660; p., comitātus, a, um, attended, accompanied, 1.312, et al. (comes)

    intersum, fuī, esse, irreg, n.: to be in the midst; be present at, share in, 11.62.

    sōlācium, iī, n.: a soothing; solace, consolation, 5.367. (sōlor)

    lūctus, ūs, m.: a mourning; sorrow, grief, woe, lamentation, 2.298, and freq.; personif., 6.274. (lūgeō)

    exiguus, a, um: adj. (exigō), minute, scanty, little; insignificant, small, 4.212; few, 5.754; thin, slender, feeble, 6.493.

    sēgnis, e: (adj.), tardy, sluggish, dilatory, backward, 11.736; slothful, inactive, 3.513; mean-spirited, cowardly, 9.787; helpless, 10.700; (fig.), idle, exhausted; comp., sēgnior, less glorious, less divine, 4.149; less rapid, 7.383.

    crātēs, is, f.: a hurdle; wicker work, wattles; crātēs pectoris, the wattled covering of the breast; the ribs, 12.508.

    feretrum, ī, n.: a bier, 6.222. (ferō)

    arbuteus, a, um: adj. (arbutus), of the arbutus.

    texō, texuī, textus, 3, a.: to weave; to build cunningly; form, fashion, fabricate, construct, 2.186; make intricate movements, interweave, 5.593; p., textus, a, um, woven, constructed, made, 5.589.

    virga, ae, f.: a twig, bough, branch, 6.144; a wand (the caduceus of Mercury), 4.242. (vireō)

    vīmen, inis, n.: a flexible twig; osier, sprout, shoot, sprig, stem, 3.31.

    quernus, a, um: adj. (quercus), oaken, 11.65.

    exstruō, strūxī, strūctus, 3, a.: to build up; erect; raise, spread, 3.224; build, 4.267; p., exstrūctus, a, um, raised by, reclining on, 9.326. exstrūctum, ī, n., an elevated seat or tribunal, 5.290.

    torus, ī, m.: a bed, couch, 1.708; seat, 5.388; royal seat, throne, 8.177; bank, 6.674; the swelling part of flesh; a brawny muscle.

    obtentus, ūs, m.: a spreading over; a covering, 11.66. (obtendō)

    frōns, frondis, f.: a leaf, 3.449; leafage, foliage; leafy spray, branch, twig, bough, 2.249; a leafy crown, a garland, wreath, 4.148.

    inumbrō, āvī, ātus, 1, a.: to cast a shade upon; overshadow; shade, 11.66.

    agrestis, e: adj. (ager), pertaining to the fields or country; country-, rustic, rural, 3.34; wild, 7.111; subst., agrestis, is, m., a rustic, 7.504; husbandman.

    sublīmis, e: (adj.), raised up, elevated, uplifted, 11.602; aloft; on high, 1.259; through the air, 1.415; on high, 6.720; to heaven, 5.255; of lofty soul, 12.788; (adv.), sublīme, loftily, aloft, on high, 10.664.

    strāmen, inis, n.: something spread out; a couch, litter, 11.67. (sternō)

    virgineus, a, um: adj. (virgō), pertaining to a virgin; of a virgin, of virgins; a maiden's, 11.68; maiden-, virgin-, 2.168.

    dēmetō, messuī, messus, 3, a.: to reap; clip, break off, pluck, 11.68.

    pollex, icis, m.: the thumb, 11.68. (polleō)

    viola, ae, f.: a violet, 11.69.

    langueō, uī, 2, n.: to be faint, to languish, grow feeble; p., languēns, entis, of the sea, 10.289; of flowers, drooping, 11.69.

    hyacinthus, ī, m.: a hyacinth.

    fulgor, ōris, m.: lightning, flash of lightning, 8.431; brilliancy, brightness, splendor, 5.88. (fulgeō)

    necdum: (adv.), nor yet; and not yet, 1.25.

    recēdō, cessī, cessus, 3, n.: to go back, retire, withdraw, 12.129; recede, retreat, 2.633; stand apart, retire, 2.300; depart, 2.595; disappear, 3.72; vanish, 5.526.

    ministrō, āvī, ātus, 1, a.: to serve, attend to, manage, 6.302; to minister, give, furnish, supply, 1.150. (minister)

    geminus, a, um: (adj.), twin, 1.274, et al.; twofold, 6.203; double, two, 4.470; pl., geminī, ae, a, twin, 2.500; two, 1.162.

    ostrum, ī, n.: the purple fluid of the murex; purple dye, purple, 5.111; purple cloth, covering or drapery, 1.700; purple decoration, 10.722; purple trappings, housings, 7.277.

    rigeō, riguī, 2, n.: to be stiff, 4.251; p., rigēns, entis, stiff, 1.648.

    extollō, 3, a.: to lift up; (fig.), laud, extol, 11.401.

    Aenēās, ae, m.: 1. A Trojan chief, son of Venus and Anchises, and hero of the Aeneid, 1.92. 2. Aenēās Silvius, one of the Alban kings, 6.769.

    manus, ūs, f.: the hand, 1.487; freq.; (meton.), action, movement of the hand; work, art, handiwork, 3.486; prowess, heroic deed, action, 2.434; force, violence, 2.645; a collection of persons; a band, crew, troop; an army, 2.29; forces, 5.623; multitude, 6.660; pl., manūs, workmen, 11.329; dare manūs, to yield, 11.558; extrēma manus, the finishing hand or touch, 7.572.

    Sīdōnius, a, um: (adj.), of Sidon; Sidonian; Phoenician, Tyrian, 1.678, et al.

    Dīdō, ūs or ōnis, f.: Dido, daughter of Belus, king of Phoenicia, who fled from her brother Pygmalion to Africa, where she founded the city of Carthage, 1.299.

    tenuis, e: adj. (cf. tendō), stretched out; slender, thin, 4.278; light, 3.448; little, 10.511; airy, ethereal, 6.292; delicate, fine, 4.264; scanty, yielding a scanty livelihood, 8.409; reduced, perishing, sinking, 5.690; simple, trivial, humble.

    tēla, ae, f.: a web; the long thread of a woven fabric; the warp; web, 4.264. (texō)

    discernō, crēvī, crētus, 3, a.: to distinguish one thing from another; determine, distinguish, decide, 12.898; perceive, 3.201; mark, set off; work, embroider, 4.264.

    induō, uī, ūtus, 3, a.: to put into; put on, assume, 1.684; clothe; surround, crown, 3.526; pierce, slay, 10.682; (pass. as middle, w. acc.), gird one's self with, put on, 2.393; induere in vultūs, transform to the features, 7.20.

    obnūbō, nūpsī, nūptus, 3, a.: to cover up, 11.77.

    amictus, ūs, m.: a veiling or draping of the person; an upper garment, covering; cloak, mantle, veil, 3.405; 5.421. (amiciō)

    Laurēns, entis: adj. (Laurentum), of Laurentum, the ancient capital of Latium; Laurentine, Laurentian, 5.797, et al., subst., Laurentēs, um, pl. m., the Laurentians, 7.63, et al.

    aggerō, āvī, ātus, 1, a.: to pile up; (fig.), increase, aggravate, 4.197. (agger)

    iubeō, iussī (fut. perf. iussō for iusserō, 11.467), iussus, 2, a.: to order, request, usually w. inf., freq.; bid, 2.3; ask, invite, 1.708; will, wish, desire, 3.261; direct, enjoin, admonish, 3.697; persuade, advise, 2.37; to clear by command, 10.444; w. subj., 10.53.

    spoliō, āvī, ātus, 1, a.: to take the spoils; to strip; despoil, 12.297; plunder, rob, 5.661; with acc. and abl., strip, deprive, despoil of, 5.224, et al. (spolium)

    vinciō, vinxī, vinctus, 4, a.: to bind, 11.81; bind round, 1.337; wreathe, bind round, 12.120.

    post: (prep. w. acc., and adv. of place and time); (prep.), behind, 1.296; next to, 7.655; after, 5.626; (adv.), afterwards, then, next, 1.612; hereafter, 1.136.

    īnferiae, ārum, f.: sacrifices to the Manes or powers below; funeral rites, 9.215. (īnferī, the powers of the lower world)

    spargō, sparsī, sparsus, 3, a.: to scatter, strew; cast in fragments, 3.605; disperse, 1.602; shower, hurl, 12.51; sprinkle, 4.512; besprinkle, bedew, stain, 8.645; infuse, 4.486; (fig.), spread abroad, disseminate, 2.98; bring over or upon, diffuse, 7.754.

    truncus, ī, m.: the stem, stock, or trunk of a tree; stem, trunk, 6.207; trunk of the human body, 2.557.

    hostīlis, e: adj. (hostis), of an enemy, an enemy’s, 10.847; of the foe, 3.322; hostile, unpropitious, ominous, 3.407.

    fīgō, fīxī, fīxus, 3, a.: to fix or fasten; freq., the object in or on which, in the abl., 1.212; abl. w. prep., 6.636; acc. w. prep., 9.408; fasten up, suspend from, 3.287; hang up, 1.248; set up, establish, make, 6.622; transfix, pierce, 5.516; hurl (fix by hurling), 10.883; wound, 10.343; inscribe, 11.84.

    īnfēlīx, īcis: (adj.), unlucky; unfortunate, luckless, unhappy, 1.475, et al.; sad, miserable, 2.772; of ill omen, ill-starred, ill-boding, fatal, 2.245; unfruitful.

    Acoetēs, is, m.: the armor-bearer of Evander, 11.30.

    foedō, āvī, ātus, 1, a.: to make foul; defile, pollute, 3.227; (fig.), disfigure, mutilate, 2.286; lacerate, wound, 12.871; break, tear in pieces, destroy, 2.55. (foedus)

    pūgnus, ī, m.: a fist, hand, 4.673.

    unguis, is, m.: a finger-nail, 4.673; talon, 12.255; claw, 5.352; in unguem, (polished) to the nail.

    sternō, strāvī, strātus, 3, a.: to spread out, spread, 1.700; stretch on the ground, strike down, slay, 1.190; cast down, prostrate, devastate, 2.306; make level, smooth, calm, 5.763; spread, cover, 8.719; strew, litter; overthrow, conquer, 6.858; pass. (in middle sense), sternor, ī, to stretch one's self, lie down, 3.509.

    prōiciō, iēci, iectus, 3, a.: to throw or cast forth; to throw or cast down, as an offering; to throw or fling down, 5.402; throw away, 6.835; plunge, 5.859; expose, 11.361; w. dat., 12.256. (prō and iaciō)

    Rutulus, ī, m.: a Rutulian; Turnus, 7.409; for the pl., the Rutulians, 8.474.

    perfundō, fūdī, fūsus, 3, a.: to pour over or along; wash, 3.397; overspread, overflow, 11.626; spot, stain, 2.221; anoint, 5.135; besprinkle, 12.611.

    bellātor, ōris, m.: a warrior, 11.553; adj., warlike, 12.614. (bellō)

    īnsīgne, is, n.: a distinguishing mark; symbol, ensign, 10.188; trophy, 12.944; pl., īnsīgnia, ium, distinctive arms, tokens, 2.339; royal ensigns or insignia, 8.506; trappings, 11.89.

    Aethōn, onis, m.: Aethon, one of the chariot horses of Pallas, 11.89.

    lacrimō, āvī, ātus, 1, n. and a.: to shed tears, weep, 1.459. (lacrima)

    gutta, ae, f.: a drop, 3.28.

    ūmectō, āvī, ātus, 1, a. and n.: to moisten, bedew, bathe, 1.465.

    grandis, e: (adj.), large, great; big, ponderous, 4.405.

    hasta, ae, f.: a spear, 2.50, and freq.; hasta pūra, a headless spear, 6.760; pampinea hasta, a thyrsus, 7.396.

    galea, ae, f.: a helmet, either of leather or of metal, 3.468, et al.

    Turnus, ī, m.: the chief of the Rutulians, 7.56, et al.

    phalanx, ngis, f.: a body of troops in compact array; a battalion, army, host, 6.489; of a fleet, 2.254.

    Teucrī, ōrum, m.: the Trojans, descendants of Teucer, 1.38, et al.; adj., Teucrian, Trojan, 9.779, et al. (Teucer)

    Tyrrhēnī, ōrum, m.: the Tyrrheni, a branch of the Pelasgic race who are said to have settled in Etruria; Etrurians, Tuscans, 8.603.

    Arcas, adis, m.: an Arcadian, 10.452;(adj.), 11.835.

    praecēdō, cessī, cessus, 3, n.: to go before, 9.47.

    subsistō, stitī, 3, n. and a.: to stand after; halt, stand still, 2.243; wait, remain, 11.506; tarry, remain behind, 2.739; stop, 12.491; withstand, resist, hold out, 9.806.

    gemitus, ūs, m.: a groaning; a groan, 3.39, et al.; sigh, 1.485; lamentation, 2.486; cry, 2.413; noise, roaring, 3.555. (gemō)

    horridus, a, um: adj. (horreō), rough, bristling, 3.23, et al.; bristling with arms; shaggy, grizzly, stiffened, 4.251; blustering, tempestuous, 9.670; terrible, fearful, 1.296.

    salveō, 2, n.: to be well; imperative, all hail! hail! 5.80. (salvus, safe)

    aeternus, a, um: adj. (for aeviternus), lasting, through ages; eternal; immortal, 1.36; perpetual, 4.99; (adv.), aeternum, for in aeternum, continually, eternally, 6.401; for ever, 11.98.

    Pallās, antis, m.: 1. A king of Arcadia, great-grandfather of Evander, 8.51. 2. Pallas, son of Evander, 8.104, et al.

    nec or neque: (adv. and conj.), and not; neither, nor, 1.643, et al.; in prohibition, 3.394, et al.; neque (nec) — neque (nec), neither — nor, 5.21, et al.; nec — et, or -que, may be rendered neither — nor, 12.801; 2.534; nec nōn, and also, nor less, 6.183; nec nōn et, and also, 1.707.

    effor, fātus sum, 1, dep. a. and n.: to speak forth; speak, say, 6.560. (ex and for)

    gressus, ūs, m.: a stepping; step, walk, course, way, 1.401; of a ship, 5.162; air, mien, gait, 5.649; ferre gressum, to walk, 6.677; efferre gressum, to go forth or out, 2.753; comprimere gressum, to stop, stay one’s steps, 6.389. (gradior)

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    Suggested Citation

    Christopher Francese and Meghan Reedy, Vergil: Aeneid Selections. Carlisle, Pennsylvania: Dickinson College Commentaries, 2016. ISBN: 978-1-947822-08-5. https://dcc.dickinson.edu/pt/vergil-aeneid/vergil-aeneid-xi-59-99