The Return of the Argonauts and the Rite at Anaphe

Fr. 7c

κῶς δέ, θεαί, . .[. . .] μὲν ἀνὴρ Ἀναφαῖος ἐπ' αἰσ[χροῖς

ἡ δ' ἐπὶ δυ[σφήμοις] Λίνδος ἄγει θυσίην,

η.[. .] τηνε.[. . . . . τ]ὸν Ἡρακλῆα σεβίζῃ;

. . . επικ.[. . . .]ως ἤρχετο Καλλιόπη·

5 ’Αἰγλήτην Ἀνάφην τε, Λακωνίδι γείτονα Θήρῃ,

π]ρῶτ[ον ἐνὶ μ]νήμῃ κάτθεο καὶ Μινύας,

ἄρχμενος ὡς ἥρωες ἀπ' Αἰήταο Κυταίου

αὖτις ἐς ἀρχαίην ἔπλεον Αἱμονίην

]εν, ὁ δ' ὡς ἴδεν ἔργα θυγατρ[ός

10 ] ἔλεξε τάδε·

]κα[. .]. ἔθνος Ἰήονες αλλα μενε. . .[

] πάντα δ' ἀνατράπελα

σο. . .[ ἐποιήσαντό με φόρτον,

σου[ ].ν ὅ σφε φέρει

15 αὔτανδ[ρον ] Ἥλιος ἴστω

καὶ Φᾶσις [ποταμῶν ἡμε]τέρων βασιλεύς

Fr. 10

μαστύος ἀλλ' ὅτ' ἔκαμνον ἀλητύι

Fr. 11

οἱ μὲν ἐπ' Ἰλλυρικοῖο πόρου σχάσσαντες ἐρετμά

λᾶα πάρα ξανθῆς Ἁρμονίης ὄφιος

5 ἄστυρον ἐκτίσσαντο, τό μεν ‘Φυγάδωνά’ κ' ἐνίσποι

Γραικός, ἀτὰρ κείνων γλῶσσ' ὀνόμηνε ‘Πόλας’.

οἱ δ[

Fr. 12

Φαιήκων ἐγένον[τ]ο . . [

ἑσμὸν ἄγων ἑτέροις ι.[.] . . . . .[

ἔκτισε Κερκ[υ]ραῖον ἐδέθλιον, ἔνθ[εν ἀν' αὖτις

5 στάντες Ἀμαντίνην ὤικισαν Ὠρικίην.

καὶ τὰ μὲν ὣς ἤμελλε μετὰ χρόνον ἐκτελέεσθαι

Fr. 15

ἀμφίδυμος Φαίηξ

Fr. 17

ε.[

τω. . [.].[.]δε[

τείρεα δεκρ[

ἀπταίστου[

5 οὐ μέν θην[

ἀλλ' ἐς ἀδελ[φει-

φ.[. .].[

ἔνθ' ὁ μὲν ἠδμώλει πῆ[ι. . . . . . . . .]ωι

Τῖφυς ἄγοι πομπ[. . . . . . . . . .]λετο Νωναρκίνη

10 Καλλιστ[ὼ λιβά]δων ἄβροχος Ὠκεαν[οῦ

ἔδδεισα[ν

. .τετιτ[

ἀλλατι. .[

χεὶρ Πολυδευκείη

15 . . .].μο.[

ἀ]μβλυν[

εἰρ]εσίην[

Fr. 18

]τε . τ[ Τυ]νδαρίδαι

].μνησ[ ]ς Δία πρῶτον ἵκ[ο]ντο

]. ἄλλους ητεσαν ἀ[θ]ανάτους

ἀοσ]σητῆρας ἐυστείρ[. . . .]. ελέ[.]ο.[.]·

5 ἀλλ' ὅγ' ἀνι]άζων ὃν κέαρ Αἰσονίδης

σοὶ χέρας ἠέρ]ταζεν, Ἱήιε, πολλὰ δ' ἀπείλει

ἐς Πυθὼ πέ]μψειν, πολλὰ δ' ἐς Ὀρτυγίην,

εἴ κεν ἀμιχθαλόεσσαν ἀπ' ἠέρα νηὸς ἐλάσσῃς·

]. ὅτι σήν, Φοῖβε, κατ' αἰσιμίην

10 πείσματ'] ἔλυσαν ἐκ[λ]ηρώσαντό τ' ἐρετμά

]. πικρὸν ἔκοψαν ὕδωρ·

]. . ἐπώνυμον Ἐμβασίοιο

]. . . εν. . Παγασαῖς

] '. . ρηνα

15 ] '.του·

Fr. 21

. . . . . . . .

].λεινιλιο[

ἐπὶ βλεφ[αρ

τόφρα δ' ἀνιήσουσα λόφον βοὸς ἔγρετο Τιτὼ

Λαομεδοντείῳ] παιδἰ χροϊσσαμ[ένη

5 ] μετὰ δμῳῆσι[

]ξείνον Ἀλκινο[ο

δ[ ] Φαιηκίδας, αἵ ῥα τ.[

τερπ.[. .].υ.ισ. . τινος ἡδομέναις

χλεύ[. .]δει. . . .ος ἀπεκρύψαντο λαθεσθ. . . .[

10 νήστ[ι]ες ἐν Δηοῦς ἤμασι Ῥαριάδος

].[.]. .δ. .[. . . .]. ἐπεσβολίησι μέλι.σσαι [

]. .τ. . ναι πρωτατοναρχ. ν. .[

]νασα[

]ναγ[

. . . . . . . .

notes

Fr. 7c Harder (= 7.19-34 Pf., = 9.19-34 Mass.)
  1-16 PSI 1217A, fr. 2 [image], Trismegistos 59397
  1-8 PSI 1217B, fr. 1, 6-13 [image], Trismegistos 144442
  1 PSI 1219, fr. 1, 38 [image], Trismegistos 59399
  11-16 P. Berol. 11521, 8-13 [image], Trismegistos 59374

Fr. 10 Harder (= 10 Pf., = 12 Mass.) Σ AR 1.1353

Fr. 11 Harder (= 11 Pf., = 13 Mass.)
  1-7 init. P.Oxy. 2167, fr. 2, col. II 1-7 [image],
  Trismegistos 59397
  3-6 Strabo 1, 2, 39, 46c, 2 sqq
  5-6 Strabo 5, 1, 9, 215c, 32 sqq

Fr. 12 Harder (= 12 Pf., = 17 Mass.)
  1-7 P.Oxy. 2168 [image], Trismegistos 59419
  5 St. Byz. 1, 12
  6 Σ AR 1, 1309

Fr. 15 Harder (= 15 Pf., = 16 Mass.) Σ D.P. 493

Fr. 17 Harder (= 17 Pf. + SH 250-251, = 19 Mass.)
  1-13 P.Oxy. 2079, fr. 2 col II 1-13 [image], Trismegistos 59397
  8-10 P. Mich 3688 recto, 13-16 [image], Trismegistos 63554
  14-17 Addenda P.Oxy. 2079 [image], Trismegistos 59397 and
    2167 fr. 6 [image], Trismegistos 59397

Fr. 18 Harder (= 18 Pf., = 20 Mass.)
  1-12 P.Oxy. 2167 fr. 3 [image], Trismegistos 59397
  1-5 Addenda P.Oxy. 2079 [image], Trismegistos 59397 and
     2167 fr. 3 [image], Trismegistos 59397
  8 Σ T Il. 24, 743a-b and P.Mich 3688 recto, 9
    [image], Trismegistos 63554
  9-15 P.Oxy. 2168 recto [image], Trismegistos 59419

Fr. 21 Harder (= 21 Pf.)
1-12 P.Oxy. 2209A [image], Trismegistos 59386
6-14 P. Mich (Cairo) 5475c, Trismegistos 144439

This was a long episode (at least 100 lines) that has many similarities to episodes in Apollonius' Argonautica, and much of the information we have comes from the scholia to the Argonautica (these are noted above for each fragment). It included the Colchians who were pursuing Jason and Medea settling in the region of Epirus when they had failed to capture them. Calliope speaks at Fr. 7c.5; she is also the first Muse to appear within the narrative of Apollonius' Argonautica (1.24). While at sea, the Argonauts are engulfed in primordial darkness, and Jason addresses a prayer to Apollo. The god responds by revealing the island of Anaphe ("Appearance") to them. The rites celebrated on the island involve Medea and her serving women exchanging good-natured insults with the Argonauts as they brought water for the sacrifice to Apollo. A similar episode falls at the end of Apollonius' Argonautica (4.1681-1730). Aischrology (insulting speech) is the connecting link between this aition and the next about the sacrifices to Heracles on Lindos.

Bibliograpy

Cozzoli, Adele Teresa. 2007. 'Segmenti di epos argonautico in Callimaco.' In L'epos argonautico. Atti del convegno Roma, 13 maggio 2004, edited by Antonio Martina and Adele-Teresa Cozzoli, 143-63. Roma: Università degli studi Roma Tre, Dipartimento di studi sul mondo antico.

Livrea, Enrico. 2006. ‘Il mito argonautico in Callimaco: l'episodio di Anafe.’ In Callimaco: cent'anni di papiri. Atti del convegno internazionale di studi, Firenze, 9-10 giugno 2005 (Studi e testi di papirologia 8), edited by Guido Bastianini and Angelo Casanova, 89-99. Firenze: Istituto Papirologico G. Vitelli.

Stephens, Susan A. 2011. “Remapping the Mediterranean: the Argo Adventure in Apollonius and Callimachus.” In Culture in Pieces. Festschrift for Peter Parsons, edited by D. Obbink and R. Rutherford, 188-207. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

vocabulary

Fr 7c

κῶς: how, why (Ionic for πῶς)

Ἀναφαῖος -ον: from the island of Anaphe

δύσφημος -ον: of ill omen; slanderous, blasphemous; insulting

Λίνδος -ου, ἡ: Lindos, a town on Rhodes

Ἡρακλέης -ους, ὁ: Herakles, Hercules

σεβίζω: to worship, honor, pay honor to, make offerings to

Καλλιόπη -ης, ἡ: Calliope, Muse of epic poetry

Αἰγλήτης -ου, ὁ: Aegletes, an epithet for Apollo 5

Ανάφη -ης, ἡ: Anaphe, an island in the Cyclades, where there was a sanctuary dedicated to Apollo Aegletes

Λακωνίς -ίδος: Laconian, of Laconia, Spartan

γείτων -ονος, ὁ/ἡ: neighboring, bordering

Θήρα -ας, ἡ: Thera, an island in the Aegean Sea

ἐνί = ἐν

μνήμη -ης, ἡ: a memory, record

κατατίθημι: to place, put

Μινύαι -ων, οἱ: the Minyans, another name for the Argonauts

ἥρως ἥρωος, ὁ: a hero, warrior

Αἰήτης Αἰήταο, ὁ: Aeëtes, king of Colchis, father of Medea, holder of the Golden Fleece

Κυταῖος -ον: Colchian > Cytae, a city in Colchis, on the Black Sea

. . . . .

αὔτανδρος -ον: together with the men, men and all 15

νηίος -η -ον: of or for a ship

Ἥλιος -ου, ὁ: Helios; the sun

Φᾶσις -ιος, ὁ: Phasis, the main river in Colchis (invoked in oath-taking)

Fr 10

μαστύς -ύος, ἡ: search, investigation (Ionic for μάστευσις -εως, ἡ)

κάμνω: to work, labor; to be tired, to suffer

ἀλητύς ἀλητύος, ἡ: wandering (= ἄλη -ης, ἡ)

Fr 11

Ἰλλυριοί -ῶν οἱ: the Illyrians

πόρος -ου, ὁ: ford, strait, sea

σχάζω: to let escape, let go, drop

ἐρετμόν -ου, τό: oar

λᾶας, gen. λᾶος, dat. λᾶι, acc. λᾶα or λᾶαν, ὁ: stone

ξανθός -ή -όν: yellow of various shades, golden, auburn; fair-haired

Ἁρμονία -ης, ἡ: Harmonia, wife of Cadmus, the founder of Thebes. Cadmus and Harmonia went to Illyria in exile and were metamorphosed into snakes. Other sources add that they subsequently became stones in the shape of snakes (Ps.-Scylax 24.13 f., Nonnus, Dionysiaca 44.113 ff.).

ὄφις -εως, ὁ: a serpent, snake

ἄστυρον -ου, τό: a small town (dim. of ἄστυ -εος, τό) 5

κτίζω: to build, found

φυγάς -άδος, ὁ: one who flees, exile

ἐνέπω, fut. ἐνίψω or ἐνισπήσω, aor. ἔνισπον: to tell; call, name

Γραικός -ου, ὁ: Greek

ἀτὰρ: (conj.) but, nevertheless

κεῖνος = ἐκεῖνος

Fr 12

ἑσμός -οῦ, ὁ: swarm, flock, group

κτίζω: to build, found

Κέρκυρα -ας, ἡ: Corcyra, an island in the Ionian Sea

ἔδεθλον or ἐδέθλιον, -ου τό: seat, abode, place, foundation

αὖτις: again, back (Ep. and Ion. for αὖθις)

Ἀμαντίνη -ης, ἡ: Amantia, a town near Oricus, or the region enclosing it, where Euboean Elephenor was said to have settled shortly after the Trojan War (Paus. 5.22.4) 5

οἰκίζω οἰκιῶ ᾤκισα: to found

Ὠρίκιος -η -ον: of Oricus, a harbor town in Epirus

ἤμελλε: “was destined” > μέλλω, imperf ind act 3rd sg

ἐκτελέω: to accomplish, achieve, fulfill

Fr 15

ἀμφίδυμος -ον: two-fold, double; with two entrances

Φαίηξ Φαίηκος: (adj.) Phaeacian (perhaps referring here to a harbor)

Fr 17

τέρας, gen. τέρατος or τέραος, τό: sign, wonder, marvel, portent, monster. τείρεα is a lengthened Homeric form (Il. 18.485)

ἄπταιστος -ον: not stumbling, having good footing

ἀδμωλέω: to not know 8

Τῖφυς -υος, ὁ: Tiphys, pilot of the Argo

Νωνακρίνη -ης, ἡ: daughter of Nonacris. i.e., Callisto; Nonacris was a naiad and wife to the Arcadian king Lycaon

λιβάς -άδος, ἡ: anything that drips; spring, stream 10

ἄβροχος -ον: unwetted, unmoistened, waterless

Ὠκεανός -οῦ, ὁ: Oceanus, god of primeval water, son of Uranus and Gaia

δείδω: to fear, dread

Πολυδεύκης, -εος, ὁ: Pollux, twin of Castor, son of Leda 15

Fr 18

Τυνδαρίδαι -ων οἱ: the Dioscuri, Castor and Pollux

ἀοσσητήρ -ῆρος ὁ: assistant, helper, aider (Il.15.254, 22.333)

ἀνιάζω: to grieve, mourn 5

κέαρ, τό: heart, center (= κῆρ, dat. κῆρι, τό)

Αἰσονίδης -ου, ὁ: son of Aeson, epithet for Jason, leader of the Argonauts

ἀερτάζω: to lift up (= ἀείρω)

Ἱήιος -ου, ὁ: “addressed with ritual cry hie” (an epithet for Apollo, Aesch. Ag. 146)

ἀπειλέω: hold out, promise

Πυθώ -οῦς, ἡ: Pytho, the oracle of Apollo at Delphi; used in Ep. to refer to Delphi itself

Ὀρτυγία -ιη, ἡ: Ortygia, the “quail-island,” meaning Delos

ἀμιχθαλόεις -εσσα -εν: inhospitable; misty, smoky

ἀπελαύνω: to drive away, expel from

ἀήρ ἀέρος ἡ: mist, cloud, haze; Ionic and epic acc. ἠέρα

Φοῖβος -ου ὁ: clear, bright, shining (epithet of Apollo)

αἰσιμίη -ης ἡ: due apportionment (αἰσιμίαις πλούτου Aesch. Eu. 996)

πεῖσμα -ατος, τό: ship’s cables, ropes 10

κληρόω: to appoint by lot, to allot

ἐρετμόν -ου, τό: oar

πικρός -ά -όν: sharp, bitter

κόπτω κόψω ἔκοψα κέκοφα κέκομμαι: cut, strike, chop, beat

ἐπώνῠμος ον: giving one’s name to a thing, eponymous

Ἐμβάσιος -ον: favoring embarkation (epithet of Apollo, A.R. 1.359, 404)

Πᾰγᾰσαί: Pagasae in Thessaly, the port of Pherae, whence the Argonauts sailed

Fr. 21

τόφρα: up to, during that time, so long

ἀνιάω: grieve, distress, vex

λόφος -ου, ὁ: the back of the neck, withers

ἐγείρω: awaken, rouse

Τιτώ = Ἠώς Ἠοῦς, ἡ: Eos, goddess of the Dawn

Λαομέδόντείος -ου, ὁ: son of Laomedon, i.e., Tithonus

χροΐζω: to touch; (mid.) touch another’s skin with your own, lie with (+ dat.)

δμῳή or δμωή -ῆς, ἡ: a female slave, serving-woman, maid

scholia

21a Harder (=Σ Flor. 38-43; 1, p. 17 Pf.) PSI 1219 [image] fr. 1, 38-43, Trismegistos 59399

κῶς δέ, θεαί, . [. . .] μὲν ἀνὴρ Ἀναφαῖος ἐπ' αἰσχροῖς

ζητεῖ διὰ τίνα αἰ[τίαν ἐν ἁνάφῃ μετὰ αἰσχρῶν εἰς ἀλλήλους

λόγων Ἀπόλλω[νι, ἐν δὲ Λίνδῳ Ἡρακλεῖ

μετὰ καταρῶν θύουσι. [πρῶτον οὖν Καλλιόπη ἱστορεῖ ὡς ὅ-

5 τε Ἰάσων ἐ[κ Κόλχων

. . . .]σ[

And how is it, O goddesses, that an Anaphian man sacrifices

He asks for what cause on Anaphe they sacrifice to Apollo

saying shameful things to each other, and on Lindos to Heracles

with insults. First Calliope gives an account of how

Jason from Colchis . . .

21b Harder (= Σ Berol. , 8-25; 1, p. 17 Pf.) P. Berol. 11521 [image], 7c, 11-16

. .]κα[. . . ] ἔθνος Ἰήονες αλλα μενε...

]πάντα δ᾽ ἀνατράπελασο...[

10 ἐποιήσαντο με φόρτονσου[

].ν ὅ σφε φέρει αὔτανδ[ρον

] Ἡλιος ἴστω καὶ Φᾶις [ποταμῶν

ἡμε]τἐρων βασιλεύς· νῦν τοὺς Ἕλληνας Ἰή[ονας

κέ[κλ]ηκεν ἀπὸ τῶν Ἀθηναίων πάντ[ας κοι-

15 νῶ[ς·] οὗτοι γὰρ πρότερ[ο]ν Ἰάονες ἐκαλοῦν[το• καὶ

Ὅμηρος ἐπὰν λέγῃ· 'Ἰάονες ἑλκεσίπεπλ[οι' (Il. 13.685)

τοὺς Ἀθηναιους λέγει· ποδήρεις γὰρ χ[ιτῶνας ἐ-

φόρ[ο]υν κατ᾽ ἀρχάς, ὅν τρόπον καὶ Πέρσα[ι Σ]ύρ[οι Καρ-

χη[δ]όνιοι. ἱστορεῖ δὲ ταῦτα Κλεῖδ[ημος ἐν]

20 Ἀτθίδι. ἀπὸ μέρους οὖν τοὺς Ἕλ[ληνας Ἀθηναίους

εἴρηκεν, ὃν τρόπον καὶ Πίνδαρος· 'Ἑλ[λάδος ἔ-

ρεισμ᾽ Ἀθῆναι' (fr. 76.2 M), Ἰάονες δὲ κέκληντα[ι ἀπὸ Ἴωνος

τοῦ Ξούθου τοῦ Αἰόλου τοῦ Ἕ[λ]λη[νος

. . .

". . . Let Helios be my witness and Phasis . . .

. . . the king of our rivers." Now he calls the Greeks

Ionians, after the Athenians, meaning all of them together.

For the Athenians were called formerly Ionians; and when-15

ever Homer says, "the Ionians, with the trailing robes" (Iliad 13.685)

he means the Athenians. For originally they used

to wear floor-length chitons, like the Persians, Syrians, and

Carthaginians. Cleidemus says this in his

Atthis. And so he has spoken of the Greeks as20

Athenians, as Pindar also does: "Athens,

mainstay of Greece" (Fr. 76.2 M). The Ionians are

named after Ion, the son of Xuthus, son of Aeolus, son of Hellen.

translation

Fr. 7c

And how is it, O goddesses, that a man from Anaphe sacrifices

with shameful (words) and Lindos sacrifices with blasphemies

. . . honors Heracles?

. . . Calliope began;

First, fix in your memory the Radiant One (i.e., Apollo) and Anaphe, neighbor to 5

Laconian Thera and the Minyans,

beginning when the heroes sailed back from Cytaean Aeetes

to ancient Haemonia

. . . and when he saw his daughter's deeds

. . . he spoke the following . . . people, Ionians . . .

. . . all is overturned . . . they have made me . . . 10

. . . [the ship] that carries him

together with its men . . . Let the sun be my witness

and Phasis, the king of our rivers.

Fr. 10

but when (the Colchians) were tired from the wandering of their search

Fr. 11

Some, letting go of their oars by the Illyrian sea,

founded a small town by the snake-stone of fair-haired Harmonia.

A Greek would call it Phygadon5

but their language named it "Polae"

But some . . .

Fr. 12

. . . he founded a Corcyran settlement, and, stirred up again

from there, they settled Orician Amantine.5

And these things were to be fulfilled after a time.

Fr. 15

. . . the double Phaeacian (harbor).

Fr. 17

. . . then he did not know where...

Tiphys should guide (the ship) . . . the daughter of Nonacris,

Callisto (, i.e., the constellation of the Great Bear), unwetted by the streams of Ocean

. . . they were afraid

. . . . .

Polydeuces' hand14

Fr. 18

. . . the Tyndaridae. . .Zeus first they approached

. . . the other immortals as helpers. . .

but grieving in his heart, the son of Aeson5

lifted his hands to you, Hieie (Apollo), and promised

to send many things to Pytho, and many to Ortygia

if you would drive away the thickening cloud from the ship

. . . that, Phoebus, according to your decree

they loosened the cables and sorted out the oars

. . . they beat the bitter water.

. . . name of Apollo the Embarker . . .

. . . at Pagasae . . .

Fr. 21

. . . Tito (Dawn) awoke to vex the neck of the ox (i.e., yoke it)

having lain with the son of Laomedon

Suggested Citation